• 제목/요약/키워드: horticultural crop field

검색결과 121건 처리시간 0.036초

느타리버섯 푸른곰팡이병 저항성 실내검정 방법의 개발 (Development of Effective Screening Method for Resistance of oyster mushroom to Trichoderma disease in vitro)

  • 전창성;윤형식;이찬중;공원식;정종천;장갑열
    • 한국버섯학회지
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    • 제9권3호
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    • pp.110-115
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    • 2011
  • 느타리버섯 푸른곰팡이병에 대한 품종 저항성은 포장에서 효과적인 검토가 불가능하여 한천 배지상에서 푸른곰팡이균이 균을 저해하는 특징 fungistatic, lysis, toxin enzyme 등에 대한 각각의 특성을 실내에 검정할 수있는 방법을 검토하기 위하여 균사생장과 특이 현상을 조사하였다. 대치배양에서는 느타리버섯 균주에 따라 대치선 형성위치, 푸른곰팡이균의 느타리균사 생장부분 위로 생장(overgrowth), 대치선 이후의 버섯균의 용균(lysis)현상이 발생하여 효과적인 저항성 검정이 가능하였다. 배양여액을 여지에 적용하는 방법은 버섯균과 병원균의 종류에 따른 균사생장 및 특이적 현상이 타나나지 않았으나, well plate를 이용한 배양여액 희석방법으로 균사생장의 억제정도의 확인이 가능하였다. 분활 petri dish를 활용하여 동시배양의 경우 약간의 버섯균이 억제되는 현상은 보였으나, 푸른곰팡이균이 버섯균 생장 부분 위로 덮어 효과검정이 불가능 하였다. 버섯균을 petri dish 전체에 배양한 후 그 위에 병원균의 균총을 접종하는 방법은 overgrowth, lysis등의 현상이 발생하여 병원성의 검정이 용이하였다. 실내에서의 느타리버섯균의 푸른곰팡이병에 대한 저항성 검정은 대치배양, 배양여액법, 생장후 접종법에 의한 방법으로 가능한 것으로 판단되었다.

매운맛이 적고 숙기가 빠른 자색양파 '엄지나라' (Mild taste and early maturing red onion cultivar 'Eumjinara')

  • 김철우;권영석;한지원;황엄지;하인종;이문중;김성배
    • 한국육종학회지
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    • 제49권4호
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    • pp.414-419
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    • 2017
  • '엄지나라'는 일반 자색양파 품종에 비해 숙기가 다소 빠른 품종이다. 2000년도에 수집한 'IS1115'에서 2002년에 계통 분리하여 육성하였다. '목포20호'로 명명하여 2008년부터 2009까지 무안에서 생산력검정을 하고 2010년부터 2012년까지 3년 동안 무안 등 6개소에서 지역적응성검정을 하였다. 엄지나라의 도복기는 5월31일로 대비품종 보다 7일 빠르고 추대와 분구가 적고 구형은 편구형이다. 내한성과 노균병에 내성이 있고 당도와 당 함량은 대비품종과 비슷하였다. 엄지나라 Quercetin류의 총 함량은 $556.11{\mu}g/g$으로 대비품종 보다 높았고 특히 QDG와 QMG가 많았다. 수량성은 무안 등 6개 지역에서 수행한 지역적응시험 결과 '엄지나라'의 10a당 평균 수량은 6,999kg으로 '천주적' 대비 12% 높았으며 특히, 무안, 안동, 단양에서 각각 31%, 15%, 28% 증수되었다.

2 Cropping systems using field crops in unheated plastic house at paddy field

  • Shin, Jung-Ho;Moon, Jin-Young;Song, Jae-Ki;Choi, Yong-Jo;Hong, Kwang-Pyo
    • 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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    • pp.279-279
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    • 2017
  • In Korea, the single span unheated plastic house cultivated crops from autumn to spring of the following year, removed the plastic film and frame, cultivated rice, set up a plastic house again and cultivated crops. The crops in the greenhouse are utilized mainly for the production of leaf vegetables such as lettuce, leek, and fruit vegetables such as strawberry, watermelon, oriental melon, etc. and raising high income. Because, the production of these crops has characteristics requiring a lot of labor and it is difficult to produce horticultural crops at unheated plastic houses as the rural population ages. Therefore, we conducted a test to develop a crop planting system to cultivate crops in single span unheated plastic houses, although the utilization of labor is less than that of horticultural crops. The prior cropping cultivated three cultivars of sweet potatoes early, the second produced cultivated sweet potatoes, corn and soybeans. In the cultivation of the previous cropping, the sweet potatoes were harvested on the 113th day after planting on March 30th, the yield was 822 kg/10a for Pungwonmi, 1,377 kg/10a for Jinhongmi, 1,483 kg/10a for the Dahomi. Because of differences, the yield of Pungwonmi cultivar was less than that other cultivars and the yield of open field cultivations, we will expect further research. In the cultivation of the succeeding crops sweet potatoes were planted on July 27 and harvested 110 days later and investigated. The product yield of Pungwonmi cultivar was 1,024 kg/10a, and the Jinhongmi, Dahomi cultivars were not at economic level for sale and were necessary to review. In succeeding-crops, corn tested the Ilmichal cultivar, seeded on 27th July, harvested on October 11th. The day of silking was 45 days after sowing, the yield was 1,156 kg/10a, the goods rate was 100% level. The beans in the succeeding cultivation crop were sowed on 27th July, the early maturing of the varieties coming to Hwangeumol and Saeol cultivar, on 17th October, the late maturing soybean Daewonkong cultivar were harvested on October 21st. The yield of early maturing two cultivars was 214 kg/10a, Daewonkong was 257 kg/10a, and 100 seeds weight which were more than the early maturing beans were also heavy. When calculating these incomes price-wise according to the harvest time, we were able to consider the income in the order of corn, sweet potato and soybean from the second term crop. Various studies such as varieties, mulching method, moisture management, control environment management, etc. are considered necessary to develop cropping systems with sweet potato and field crops in future unheated plastic house.

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노화수분, NaCl 및 $CO_2$ 처리가 황기의 자가불화합성 타파에 미치는 영향 (Effect on Breaking of Self-Incompatibility by Old-Flower Pollination, NaCl and $CO_2$ Treatment in Astragalus membranaceus Bunge)

  • 김영국;김동휘;박춘근;여준환;안영섭;박호기
    • 한국자원식물학회지
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    • 제22권5호
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    • pp.467-472
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    • 2009
  • 황기의 자가불화합성 타파를 위한 노화수분 처리, NaCl 처리 및 $CO_2$ 처리에 대한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 비닐하우스에서 노화수분은 8월 하순에는 거의 수정이 되지 않았으며, 9월 상순부터 10월 상순까지는 개화 당일 부터 개화 후 2일까지 수정되었고, 9월 하순 개화 당일 수분한 것이 결협율 33.3%, 결실율 86.2%로 가장 양호하였다. 노지에서 노화수분은 대조구는 8월 하순부터 10월 상순까지 결협은 되었으나, 9월 중순과 9월 하순을 제외하고 결실이 되지 않았으며, 9월 하순의 개화 후 1일에 결협율 39%, 결실율 94.9%로 가장 양호하였다. NaCl 처리는 비닐하우스에서는 1% 농도 처리가 결협율은 10월에서 21.3%로 가장 좋았으나, 결실율은 9월 하순 66.7%로 가장 양호 하였고, 노지에서는 NaCl 농도 5%에서 결협율 7.3%, 결실율 90.9%로 가장 양호하였다. 식물생육상을 이용하여 $CO_2$ 700 ppm을 처리한 결과 무처리구와 큰 차이 없었다. 결론적으로 황기 자가불화합성 타파를 위하여 9월 중하순에 자화가 아닌 자가화를 개화당일 또는 개화 후 1일에 인공수분해주거나 NaCl $1{\sim}5%$를 처리해주면 자가불화합성을 타파할 수 있다고 사료된다.

First Report of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Causing Sclerotinia Rot on Ixeridium dentatum in Korea

  • Park, Myung Soo;Kim, Young Guk;Lee, Sang Won;Park, Chun Geun;Kim, Yong Il;Lee, Eun Song;Chang, Jae Ki;An, Tae Jin
    • 한국균학회지
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    • 제45권4호
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    • pp.381-385
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    • 2017
  • Sclerotinia rot was observed on Ixeridium dentatum cultivated as a succeeding crop in a garlic field in Seosan-si, Korea during the growing season in 2016 and 2017. Symptoms progressed from the initial irregular, water-soaked spots on main stems to wilting and eventually to plant death. White, cottony mycelia and black, irregular sclerotia formed on the basal stem and on soil surfaces. The optimal temperature of hyphal growth and sclerotia germination were $20^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$, respectively. Sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions revealed that the three strains isolated from Ixeridium dentatum are grouped with Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Three strains were identified as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum based on morphological features, ITS sequence, and pathogenicity test. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first report of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum causing sclerotinia rot on Ixeridium dentatum in Korea.

Application of UAV-based RGB Images for the Growth Estimation of Vegetable Crops

  • Kim, Dong-Wook;Jung, Sang-Jin;Kwon, Young-Seok;Kim, Hak-Jin
    • 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국농업기계학회 2017년도 춘계공동학술대회
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    • pp.45-45
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    • 2017
  • On-site monitoring of vegetable growth parameters, such as leaf length, leaf area, and fresh weight, in an agricultural field can provide useful information for farmers to establish farm management strategies suitable for optimum production of vegetables. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are currently gaining a growing interest for agricultural applications. This study reports on validation testing of previously developed vegetable growth estimation models based on UAV-based RGB images for white radish and Chinese cabbage. Specific objective was to investigate the potential of the UAV-based RGB camera system for effectively quantifying temporal and spatial variability in the growth status of white radish and Chinese cabbage in a field. RGB images were acquired based on an automated flight mission with a multi-rotor UAV equipped with a low-cost RGB camera while automatically tracking on a predefined path. The acquired images were initially geo-located based on the log data of flight information saved into the UAV, and then mosaicked using a commerical image processing software. Otsu threshold-based crop coverage and DSM-based crop height were used as two predictor variables of the previously developed multiple linear regression models to estimate growth parameters of vegetables. The predictive capabilities of the UAV sensing system for estimating the growth parameters of the two vegetables were evaluated quantitatively by comparing to ground truth data. There were highly linear relationships between the actual and estimated leaf lengths, widths, and fresh weights, showing coefficients of determination up to 0.7. However, there were differences in slope between the ground truth and estimated values lower than 0.5, thereby requiring the use of a site-specific normalization method.

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Long-term Effects of Chemical Fertilizer and Compost Applications on Yield of Red Pepper and Soil Chemical Properties

  • Park, Young-Eun;Lim, Tae-Jun;Park, Jin-Myeon;Lee, Seong-Eun
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제51권2호
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    • pp.111-118
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    • 2018
  • A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of long-term (21-year) fertilizer and compost treatments on the yield of red pepper and chemical properties in top-dong, Suwon. Six treatments were chosen for this work: No fertilization (No fert.), NPK fertilizers (NPK), NPK and compost (NPK+Compost), NP and compost (NP+Compost), NK and compost (NK+Compost), PK and compost (PK+Compost). The yield of red pepper for 21 years indicated the significant differences among the No fertilization, the PK+Compost, and other treatments. The relative yield index was 13% and 59% respectively, for the No fertilization and the PK+Compost if the average yield of red pepper for the NPK regards $20,048kg\;ha^{-1}$ as the yield index with 100%. Soil organic matter at the compost applied treatments significantly increased compared with the No fert. and the NPK. The average increase rates of soil organic matter by applying the compost ranged from 0.69 to $0.73g\;kg^{-1}\;yr^{-1}$. Available phosphate content in soil appeared the significant increase all treatments excluding the No fert. It is estimated that the available phosphate in soil was increased by $7.0mg\;kg^{-1}\;yr^{-1}$ by applying compost and $14.2mg\;kg^{-1}\;yr^{-1}$ by applying P fertilizer. Application of K fertilizer or the compost alone, the NPK, the NP+Compost, continuously caused soil K depletion whereas K fertilization plus the compost maintained at a constant level of exchangeable K. The results indicated that the addition of compost to NPK fertilizer is recommended for the maximum stable yield for red pepper and enhancement of organic matter though it is also needed for adjusting of P and K fertilization.

Pectobacterium brasiliense as a Causative Agent for Soft Rot of Radish in Korea

  • Kyoung-Taek Park;Soo-Min Hong;Chang-Gi Back;In-Kyu Kang;Seung-Yeol Lee;Leonid N. Ten;Hee-Young Jung
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제29권1호
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    • pp.64-71
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    • 2023
  • In October 2021, soft rot disease seriously affected radish crop in Dangjin, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea. The infected radishes were stunted and turned dark green, with yellowish leaf foliage. A slimy, wet, and decayed pith region was observed in the infected roots. The bacterial strain KNUB-03-21 was isolated from infected roots. The biochemical and morphological characteristics of the isolate were similar to those of Pectobacterium brasiliense. Phylogenetic analysis based on the sequences of the 16S rRNA region and the concatenated DNA polymerase III subunit tau (dnaX), leucine-tRNA ligase (leuS), and recombinase subunit A (recA) genes confirmed that the isolate is a novel strain of P. brasiliense. Artificial inoculation of radish with P. brasiliense KNUB-03-21 resulted in soft rot symptoms similar to those observed in infected radish in the field; subsequently, P. brasiliense KNUB-03-21 was reisolated and reidentified. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. brasiliense as a causal pathogen of radish soft rot in Korea.

고추 흰가루병균(Leveillula taurica)의 발아특성 및 접종법 (Effect of Temperature, Relative Humidity on Germination and Development of Powdery Mildew (Leveillula taurica) on Pepper and Its Inoculation Method)

  • 김대현;박종한;이중섭;한경숙;한유경;황정환
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.187-192
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    • 2009
  • 고추에 발생하는 흰가루병은 전 세계적으로 매년 발생이 늘어나고 있으며, 특히 시설재배에 있어서 가장 문제가 되는 병중에 하나다. 2009년 4월 및 9월에 강원, 충북, 경남 및 전남 등 4지역을 대상으로 흰가루병 발생 실태를 조사하였다. 시설재배지에는 15.3~81.8%(평균 71%), 노지재배에서 16.8~72.3%(평균 46%)의 이병엽율을 보여 시설재배에서 발생이 많음을 볼 수 있었다. 병징은 잎 뒷면에 밀가루를 뿌려 놓은 것처럼 하얗게 분생포자가 퍼져 있고, 아랫잎은 황색으로 탈색되거나 낙엽되었다. 온도에 따른 고추 흰가루병의 분생포자 발아력을 조사한 결과, $25^{\circ}C$에서 처리후 6시간에서 발아율이 35.9%였으며, 습도는 85%에서 38.5%로 발아율이 가장 높았다. 온도 및 습도별로 발아관을 측정한 결과, 온도는 $20{\sim}25^{\circ}C$에서 습도는 85~93%에서 각각 105.8~107.8 ${\mu}m$ 및 79.7~80.3 ${\mu}m$로서 가장 길게 나타났다. 고추 흰가루병을 접종시킨 후 병 진전에 따른 발병도를 조사한 결과 접종 후 8일부터 병징을 보이다가, 15일 후에 병 발병도가 53.3~73%로서 급격하게 높아지는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 고추 흰가루병 인공접종 체계를 구축하기 위하여 분무접종, 압착 및 타락방법을 사용한 결과, 분무접종보다는 압착 및 타락방법이 높은 발병도를 나타내었다. 특히 타락방법을 이용한 인공접종에서는 발병도가 72%로서 가장 높은 발병도를 나타내어 병 저항성 검정을 위한 접종방법으로 추천할 만 하였으나, 금후 안정적이고 대량접종을 위해 효율적인 접종방법 개발이 필요하였다.

A Real-Time PCR Assay for the Quantitative Detection of Ralstonia solanacearum in Horticultural Soil and Plant Tissues

  • Chen, Yun;Zhang, Wen-Zhi;Liu, Xin;Ma, Zhong-Hua;Li, Bo;Allen, Caitilyn;Guo, Jian-Hua
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제20권1호
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    • pp.193-201
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    • 2010
  • A specific and rapid real-time PCR assay for detecting Ralstonia solanacearum in horticultural soil and plant tissues was developed in this study. The specific primers RSF/RSR were designed based on the upstream region of the UDP-3-O-acyl-GlcNAc deacetylase gene from R. solanacearum, and a PCR product of 159 bp was amplified specifically from 28 strains of R. solanacearum, which represent all genetically diverse AluI types and all 6 biovars, but not from any other nontarget species. The detection limit of $10^2\;CFU/g$ tomato stem and horticultural soil was achieved in this real-time PCR assay. The high sensitivity and specificity observed with field samples as well as with artificially infected samples suggested that this method might be a useful tool for detection and quantification of R. solanacearum in precise forecast and diagnosis.