노화수분, NaCl 및 $CO_2$ 처리가 황기의 자가불화합성 타파에 미치는 영향

Effect on Breaking of Self-Incompatibility by Old-Flower Pollination, NaCl and $CO_2$ Treatment in Astragalus membranaceus Bunge

  • 김영국 (국립원예특작과학원 인삼특작부 약용작물과) ;
  • 김동휘 (국립원예특작과학원 인삼특작부 약용작물과) ;
  • 박춘근 (국립원예특작과학원 인삼특작부 약용작물과) ;
  • 여준환 (국립원예특작과학원 인삼특작부 약용작물과) ;
  • 안영섭 (국립원예특작과학원 인삼특작부 약용작물과) ;
  • 박호기 (국립원예특작과학원 인삼특작부 약용작물과)
  • Kim, Young-Guk (Medicinal Crops Research Division, Department of Herbal Crop Research Nat'l Ins. of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Dong-Hwi (Medicinal Crops Research Division, Department of Herbal Crop Research Nat'l Ins. of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Park, Chun-Geon (Medicinal Crops Research Division, Department of Herbal Crop Research Nat'l Ins. of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Yeo, Jun-Hwan (Medicinal Crops Research Division, Department of Herbal Crop Research Nat'l Ins. of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Ahn, Young-Sup (Medicinal Crops Research Division, Department of Herbal Crop Research Nat'l Ins. of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Park, Ho-Ki (Medicinal Crops Research Division, Department of Herbal Crop Research Nat'l Ins. of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA)
  • 발행 : 2009.10.31

초록

황기의 자가불화합성 타파를 위한 노화수분 처리, NaCl 처리 및 $CO_2$ 처리에 대한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 비닐하우스에서 노화수분은 8월 하순에는 거의 수정이 되지 않았으며, 9월 상순부터 10월 상순까지는 개화 당일 부터 개화 후 2일까지 수정되었고, 9월 하순 개화 당일 수분한 것이 결협율 33.3%, 결실율 86.2%로 가장 양호하였다. 노지에서 노화수분은 대조구는 8월 하순부터 10월 상순까지 결협은 되었으나, 9월 중순과 9월 하순을 제외하고 결실이 되지 않았으며, 9월 하순의 개화 후 1일에 결협율 39%, 결실율 94.9%로 가장 양호하였다. NaCl 처리는 비닐하우스에서는 1% 농도 처리가 결협율은 10월에서 21.3%로 가장 좋았으나, 결실율은 9월 하순 66.7%로 가장 양호 하였고, 노지에서는 NaCl 농도 5%에서 결협율 7.3%, 결실율 90.9%로 가장 양호하였다. 식물생육상을 이용하여 $CO_2$ 700 ppm을 처리한 결과 무처리구와 큰 차이 없었다. 결론적으로 황기 자가불화합성 타파를 위하여 9월 중하순에 자화가 아닌 자가화를 개화당일 또는 개화 후 1일에 인공수분해주거나 NaCl $1{\sim}5%$를 처리해주면 자가불화합성을 타파할 수 있다고 사료된다.

This study was conducted to break down the self-incompatibility of Astragalus membranaceus Bunge by old-flower pollination, NaCl and $CO_2$ treatment. The old-flower pollination in green house produced fertilization during the 1st and 2nd day after flowering from early September to early October, but almost no fertilization in late August. The most successful pollination occurred in late September at the 1st day after flowering when pod setting was 33.3% and that of seed set was about 86.2%. The old-flower pollination in field showed pod setting for the control group from late August to early October, but no seed set except the days of mid-September and late September. The most successful pollination occurred in late September during the 2nd day of flowering when the percentage of pod setting was 39% and that of seed set was 94.9%. The wrapping in field set pods from late August to early October, but did not set seeds except in mid and end of September. The percentage of pods was 39% and percentage of seeds was 94.9% about flowering after first day in end of September. by field culture. The best result from NaCl treatment was achieved when 1% NaCl treatment in green house produced 21.3% of pod setting in early October and 66.7% of seed set in late September. In field, NaCl 5% treatment produced best result with 7.3% of pod setting and 90.9% of seed set in mid-September. No differences were observed between the $CO_2$ 700ppm treatment and the control group.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Boris, I and J.R. Kohn. 2001. Evolutionary relationship among self-incompatibility RNases. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 98:13167-13171 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.231386798
  2. Brewbaker, J.L. and N. Shapiro. 1959. Homozygosity and S gene mutation. Nature. 183:1209-1210 https://doi.org/10.1038/1831209a0
  3. Chung, I.K. 1994. Molecular genetic studies on gametophytic self - incompatibility in Tomato (Lycopersicon peruvianum). Ph. D. thesis. University of Tokyo
  4. Dhaliwal, A.S., C.P. Malik and M.B. Singh. 1981. Overcoming incompatibility in Brassica campestris L. by carbon dioxide, and dark fixation of the gas by self- and cross-pollinated pistils. American Journal of Botany. 48:227-233 https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a086117
  5. Gonai, H. and K. Hinata. 1969. Studies on self - incompatibility in Brassica. Influence of organic solvents on seed fertility. Japanese Journal of Breeding. 19. Supplement. 1:153-154
  6. Ito, S. 1981. Feasible selfed seed production methods in selfincompatible crucifer lines. In Chinese cabbage 345-355. Proceeding of First International Symposium, Tokyo, The Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center
  7. Kim, S.Y., H.W. Choi, C.S. Kim, J.S. Sung, J.K. Lee and J.W. Bang. 2006. Cytogenetic Analyses of Astragalus Species. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 14(4):250-254
  8. Kim, Y.G., H.S. Yu, N.S. Seong, H.K. Park and S.Y. Son. 2008. Self-incompatibility and embryo development in Astragali Radix. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 16(5): 287-293
  9. Kim, Y.J., S.M. Park and J.H. Kim. 2001. Pollination methods for overcoming pre-fertilization incompatibility in interspecific crosses between Lilium longiflorum 'Gelria' and L. cernuum Native in Korea. Korean Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology. 19(3):373-377
  10. Lim, J.H., D.C. Jin, J.S. Sung, K.H. Bang, O.T. Kim, S.W. Cha and H.W. Park. 2007. Discrimination of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch) Bunge from A. membranaceus (Fisch) var. mongholicus (Bunge) with SCAR Marker. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 15(1):51-55
  11. Masaki, A., K. Eiji, K. Yoshinobu and Y. Takashi. 1994. Chemical evaluation of Astragali radix. Natural Medicines. 48(4):244-252
  12. Matsubara, S. 1980. Overcoming self-incompatibility in Raphanus sativas L. with high temperature. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. 105(6):842-846
  13. Nathanael, R.H., R.T. Yamane and A.F. Iezzoni. 2002. Selfcompatibility in tetraploid sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.). Sex Plant Reprod. 15:39-46 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00497-002-0136-6
  14. Nettancourt, D.D. 1978. Incompatibility in angiosperms. Springer-Verlag. Berlin
  15. Park, H.G. and H.B. Jung. 1983. Effect of CO$_2$ on temporary breaking of self-incompatibility in radish(Raphanus sativus L.). Journal of the Korean Society for Horticultural Science. 24(3):181-187
  16. Tatebe, T. 1979. Studies on the physiological mechanism of self-incompatibility in Japanese radish. Effect of recognition pollen on self-incompatibility. Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science. 43(2):195-198
  17. Yoon, W.M. 1996. Temporary breaking of self-incompatibility for parental line multiplication of 'Wongyo 108' F$_1$ hybrid radish. Korean Journal of Breeding. 28(1):92-97
  18. 류달영, 염도희. 1972. 무궁화의 자가불화합기구에 관한 기초연구. 한국원예학회지
  19. 조성대. 1990. 배추 내혼계와 교배후대에서 자가불화합 유전인자의 활력변이 및 CO$_2$와 NaCl 처리에 대한 반응. 경희대학교 석사학위 논문
  20. 王鐵生 等 22人. 1988. 中國藥用植物栽培學. 農業出版社. pp. 691-696
  21. 加藤勝久. 1989. 植物遺傳資源 集成. 第 4券 講談社 サイヱン ティフィク. p. 1438
  22. 농림부. 2007. 2006 특용작물생산실적