• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.37-54
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• 2020

Purpose - This study is to investigate the determinants of suppliers' dependence on buyers in the home country by developing a theoretical model of innovative activities. The high dependence of auto parts suppliers on a single local buyer in South Korea due to firm ownership issues and incremental innovation is examined using data from a set of organizations that supply intermediate goods to this automotive manufacturer. Furthermore, we tested the moderating effect of FDI and global knowledge sourcing on the relationship between firm ownership and suppliers' dependence on the local buyer. Design/methodology - To test the hypotheses, we examined a sample of 101 suppliers over 10 years in the Korean automobile parts industry. In this empirical analysis, we utilized a fixed-effects generalized least squares model using panel data. Findings - In this study, domestic firms (automobile parts suppliers) were more dependent on a single local buyer (automobile assembler) than foreign-owned suppliers operating in Korea. In addition, incremental innovation was the mediating mechanism between domestic firms and dependence on the local buyer. To reduce this dependence on the buyer, we suggest two different international strategies: geographical diversification through FDI and global knowledge sourcing. Originality/value - Previous studies showed that asymmetric dependence between firms has many adverse effects. This study proved that domestic and foreign-owned suppliers have different levels of dependence on local buyers due to their heterogeneous characteristics and business strategies. We distinguish two different types of innovation - radical innovation and incremental innovation - that previous studies have often treated as equal when it comes to firm autonomy. Finally, we propose that both FDI and international knowledge sourcing as global strategies to weaken suppliers' asymmetric dependence on a single buyer.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.101-111
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate using and evaluative criteria for purchasing of sleepwear in winter. Subjects were 523 males and females aged from twenties to fifties, living in Chongju and Taejon. For data analysis, frequency, descriptive analysis, t-test, and F-test were used. The results are as follows. First, the ownership of sleepwear was sweat suits with zippered top, pajamas, T-shirts/pants, underwear, and nightgown in order. The mean of using sweat suits was used the highest, and subjects used more home wear than sleepwear in winter. Second, the using or sleepwear had a significant difference in cold-sensitiveness and body types. Cold-sensitive group used sweat suit and T-shirts/pants more than cold-insensitive group. Also, groups who are thin wore sweat suit the most while groups who are corpulent, used underwear the most when they slept. Third, subjects, who are married women and use bed, used nightgown, but pajamas were used by groups who are older, married, and professional. Sweat suits and T-shirts/pants were used the most by single aged twenties. Forth, consumers considered the wearing comfort when they purchased sleepwear for winter, and they evaluated washing/management, fabric, design/style, economic, service, brand, and others' response in order, for judging the quality of sleepwear. Also, the evaluative criteria had a significant difference in demographic variables such as sex, occupation, and marital state. These results implied that sleepwear would be needed for winter in terms of behavioral temperature regulation. Especially, cold-sensitive and thin group would wear knitted and two-piece sleepwear for thermal comfort when they sleep in winter. Also, Using and evaluative criteria of sleepwear would be different in demographic characteristics. For winter, sleepwear should be develop based on physiologic as well as demographic variables.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.287-297
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• 2010

홈 네트워크 환경에서의 디바이스의 안전한 사용을 위해서는 인증이 필요하다. 이러한 인증은 크게 ID기반의 인증 방식과 인증서 기반의 인증방식이 있다, ID기반의 방식의 경우에는 멀티도메인 환경에 적용이 어렵고, 인증서 기반 방식의 경우에는 인증서를 탑재 및 저장하는 방식이 디바이스에 종속되어 있어, 소유권의 이전, 새로운 장비의 구매 등에 대한 사용자의 추가 설정이 요구된다. 그리고 두 가지 방식 모두 디바이스에 대한 개별적인 인증이 이루어져, 사용자가 요구하는 서비스 측면에서는 다수의 디바이스에 대한 잦은 인증으로 오버헤드가 존재한다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 자바 카드에 디바이스 인증정보를 안전하게 저장 및 관리하는 기법을 제안하며 또한 서비스단위의 그룹기반의 디바이스 인증 기법을 사용하여 기존의 기법들에 비해 보다 향상된 수행속도를 보장한다.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.133-144
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• 2013

It is commonplace to refer to the Nordic countries of Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Finland and Iceland as a distinctive and homogenous welfare regime. As far as social housing is concerned, however, the institutional heritage of the respective countries significantly frames the ways in which social housing is understood, regulated and subsidized, and, in turn, how housing regimes respond to the general challenges to the national welfare states. The paper presents a historical institutionalist approach to understanding the diversity of regime responses in the modern era characterized by increasing marketization, welfare criticism and internationalization. The aim is to provide outside readers a theoretically guided empirical insight into Scandinavian social housing policy. The paper first lines up the core of the inbuilt argument of historical institutionalism in housing policy. Secondly, it briefly introduces the distinctive ideal typical features of the five housing regimes, which reveals the first internal distinction between the universal policies of Sweden and Denmark selective policies of Iceland and Finland. The Norwegian case constitutes a transitional model from general to selective during the past quarter of a decade. The third section then concentrates on the differences between Denmark, Sweden and Norway in which social housing is, our was originally, embedded in a universal welfare policy targeting the general level of housing quality for the entire population. Differences stand out, however, between finance, ownership, regulation and governance. The historical institutional argument is, that these differences frame the way in which actors operating on the respective policy arenas can and do respond to challenges. Here, in this section we lose Norway, which de facto has come to operate in a residual manner, due to contemporary effects of the long historical heritage of home ownership. The fourth section then discusses the recent challenges of welfare criticism, internationalization and marketization to the universal models in Denmark and Sweden. Here, it is argued that the institutional differences between the Swedish model of municipal ownership and the Danish model of independent cooperative social housing associations provides different sources of resistance to the prospective dismantlement of social housing as we know it. The fifth section presents the recent Danish reform of the governance model of social housing policy in which the housing associations are conceived of as 'dialogue partners' in the local housing policy, expected to create solutions to, rather than produce problems in social housing areas. The reform testifies to the strategic ability of the Danish social housing associations to employ their historically grounded institutional relative independence of the public system.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.869-877
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• 2022

본 연구의 목적은 주택연금 중도해지자의 재가입 소요기간 결정요인을 실증분석하는 것이다. 실증분석을 위하여 주택연금을 운용 중인 한국주택금융공사 DB에서 2007년 7월부터 2021년 6월까지 중도해지 후 재가입자에 관한 정보를 추출하였다. 순서형로짓모형을 통한 실증분석 결과, 첫째, 가입자 개인 특성 중 연령대 변동, 부부에서 독신으로 변동, 독신 유지, 최초가입 유지기간 변수들이 통계적으로 유의하였고, 이 중 최초가입 유지기간이 재가입 소요기간을 단축시키는 요인으로 추정되었다. 둘째, 담보주택 특성 중 주택가격 변동과 소유형태 변동 변수들이 통계적으로 유의하였고, 이 중 소유형태 변동이 재가입 소요기간을 단축시키는 요인으로 추정되었다. 셋째, 계약 특성 중 지급방식 변동과 지급유형 변동변수들이 통계적으로 유의하였고, 이 두 변수들은 모두 재가입 소요기간을 증가시키는 요인으로 추정되었다. 실증분석 결과를 바탕으로 재가입 소요기간을 증가시키는 요인에 초점을 맞춘 제도개선을 통하여 중도해지자의 재가입을 유도하는 것과 동시에 소요기간을 단축시키는 것이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.83-96
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• 2010

This study was conducted to derive useful predictive variations for the qualitative supply of homes to provide information to real estate venture businesses and other business owners in neighborhood amenities and significant basic information to housing suppliers and policy makers. For this purpose, a number of apartment dwellers in Seoul were surveyed to examine their housing satisfaction, difference in housing satisfaction according to variables, and any relevant correlations. In detail, 500 apartment dwellers in Seoul were surveyed from September 1, 2009 to September 20, 2009 to gather resources that were processed through SPSS 14.0 to find percentage of frequency, mean, standard deviations, t-test, ANOVA, and Duncan Multiple Ranger's Test. The following were the findings of this study: First, housing satisfaction of apartment dwellers in Seoul was above average with the highest satisfaction with neighborhood environment. Second, satisfaction with amenities was significantly affected by dweller-related variables. Gangnam dwellers were more satisfied with housing environment and community environment than Gangbuk dwellers. By age, people in 20s and 30s showed high satisfaction with housing environment. Satisfaction with community environment was high among 20s, 30s and 40s. Satisfaction with management conditions was high among 20s. Also, satisfaction was high when housing period was between 1 and 10 years. By size, dwellers in 40py or larger homes showed high satisfaction with housing environment and management conditions. Dwellers in 30py and 40py or larger homes were satisfied with community environment. By ownership, dwellers with ownership of their homes showed high satisfaction. Third, there was a significant difference in satisfaction with neighborhood and social environments according to dweller-related variables. By region, dwellers of Gangnam area showed high satisfaction with neighborhood environment. By age, people in 20s, 30s and 40s showed high satisfaction with neighborhood environment. Also, satisfaction with neighborhood environment was high when housing period was around 10 years. By size, dwellers in 30py and 40py or larger homes were satisfied with neighborhood and social environments. Fourth, there was a close correlation between satisfaction with housing environment and satisfaction with community environment, and between satisfaction with community environment and satisfaction with management conditions. Thus, most dwellers that were satisfied with one variable of housing environment showed high satisfaction with other variables.

• 한국노년학
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.373-396
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• 2021

본 연구는 우리나라 노인의 Aging in place 실현을 위해 노년기 주거 특성이 지역사회 지속거주 의사에 미치는 영향을 검증하고자 하였다. 지역사회 지속거주 의사에 있어 노인의 건강상태가 중요하기에 건강할 경우와 건강하지 않을 경우를 같이 고려하였고, 주거특성을 경제적 측면인 자가 보유 여부, 주거비 부담, 환경적 측면인 주거 편리성, 주택만족도, 주거환경만족도로 구분하여 지역사회 지속거주 의사와의 관계를 살펴보았다. 이를 확인하기 위해 2017년 노인실태조사 자료를 사용하여 노인 9,798명을 대상으로 분석을 하였다. 분석결과, 첫째, 건강할 경우와 건강하지 않을 경우를 같이 고려하였을 때 지역사회 지속거주를 선택한 노인이 6,704명(68.4%), 건강할 경우에는 지역사회 지속거주를 선택하지만, 건강상태가 악화될 경우 지역사회 지속거주를 선택하지 않는 노인이 3,094명(31.6%)으로 파악되었다. 둘째, 지역사회 지속거주 의사별 평균 주거 특성을 비교한 결과, 지역사회 지속거주를 선택한 노인집단이 그렇지 않은 노인집단보다 주거비 부담은 적었으며 주택만족도와 주거환경만족도가 통계적으로 유의미하게 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 이항 로지스틱 분석결과 주거특성 중 경제적 요인인 자가를 보유할 경우, 주거비 부담이 적을수록 지역사회 지속거주를 선택할 가능성이 높았고, 환경적 요인인 노인을 위한 설비를 갖춘 경우와 주택만족도, 주거환경만족도가 높을수록 지역사회 지속거주를 선택할 가능성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 통해 노인의 실제 선호하는 Aging in place의 욕구를 파악하였고, 노인의 욕구를 존중하면서 진정한 Aging in place의 실현을 위해 실천적, 정책적 제안을 제시하였다. 노인의 주거에 초점을 맞추어 경제적 측면에서 주거안정성을 높여줄 노후준비와 주거비용 경감의 필요성, 주거환경의 측면에서 고령친화적인 주택환경과 지역사회 인프라 구축의 필요함을 강조하였다.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2006년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.123-130
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• 2006

This is a basic study to investigate possibility to application of cohousing model into Korea. Purpose of this study is to grasp respondents' housing value, and its influence on intention to live in cohousing. Research method used for this study was a social survey. Respondents were 214 married people residing in Seoul and its outskirts by accidential sampling. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS 12.0 program using frequency, mean, average, factor analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test, multiple regression and logit analysis. Result of this study was as follows. Housing values were classified into three categories named as individualism oriented housing value, tradition oriented housing value, and economy oriented housing value. Housing values were different by respondents groups. For example, individualism oriented housing value showed difference according to age and housing area. Tradition oriented housing value showed difference according to sex, occupation, and period of residence, while economy oriented housing value showed difference according to number of family members, housing type, and home ownership. In detail, men than women, single-income family than double-income family, and detached house resident than flat resident had higher tradition oriented housing value. The younger than the elder, and Seoul resident than outskirts resident had higher economy oriented housing value. Also home owner than tenant, and the higher tradition oriented group had stronger intention to live in cohousing than others.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.39-51
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• 2012

This study aims to find the association between community scales and perceived community family-friendliness among parents with young children. Communities were identified into three groups: metropolitan, small and medium-sized cities and rural, according to the degree of urbanization. The data were drawn from a sample of 1,038 parents who had at least one pre-school child. The data were analyzed by frequencies, means, GIS, ANOVA, and multiple regressions. This study compared the level of community family-friendliness both at the 'dong' and 'si' levels after controlling for the individual and household characteristics of the respondents. The findings of this study are as follows. First, after controlling for individual and household factors, the level of perceived community family-friendliness differed by the community scales. The parents in the small and medium-sized cities had higher scores on community family-friendliness than their counterparts in metropolitan communities. And parents in rural communities received had lower scores in community family-friendliness than those in metropolitan communities. The results also showed similar patterns for the 'dong' and 'si' models. While job and housing type were associated with the perceived family-friendliness of the community, other characteristics such as sex, age, educational level, monthly household income and home ownership were not.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.149-163
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• 2008

This study examined the expectations and attitudes toward retirement, and financial planning for retirement among paid workers aged 20s and 30s. It compared paid workers' socio-economic, and retirement-related characteristics between those who had retirement planning and those who did not, and identified factors important to retirement planning decision. Data for this study were from a questionnaire completed by paid workers in age 20s and 30s (n=227), and were analyzed by t-tests, chi-square tests, and a logistic regression model. The findings of this study were as follows: First, the paid workers' expected retirement age was 56, and their ideal age for retirement was about 60. More than 85% of workers agreed that the retirement planning should begin before age 40, but just 51 % of the workers had retirement planning. Second, the workers aged 30s, married, and those who had higher incomes and home ownership were more likely to prepare financially for their retirement. Third, as their expected retirement age increased, the probability of decision to retirement planning increased. Those who expected that the economic status of retirees' living would be same as their current economic status were more likely to have retirement planning. The positive attitudes toward retirement had significant effect on the decision to have retirement planning.