• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.67-92
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• 2011

With the movement for complete liquidation of the part history began during participatory government, a special law for the liquidation of the past history was enacted and committees related to the past history have been established. Works related to the past history has relatively smoothly progressed even if there have been many obstacles, but as the duration for the special law reached its final point, committees related the past history came to the fork of a road. This study reflects on this reality and focuses on measures for application of the records collected by committees related to the past history and in this way, establish and selected the record information contents was established and selected. The users of the information was classified into professors, students, and history researchers and Committee for the Inspection of Damages by Compulsory Mobilization under Japanese Imperialism, Committee for the Inspection of Japan Collaborators, and Truth and Reconciliation Commission were selected for the committees related to the past history to establish the contents.

• Iberoamérica
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.41-67
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• 2011

El Salvador had suffered some 75,000 casualties, mostly civilian, from violent civil conflict(1980-92). In 1992, after negotiations, the government and FMLN signed a historic comprehensive peace accord which brought an end to the war and instituted wide-reaching political and social reforms. Many scholars call it as Transitional Justice in El Salvador. Transitional Justice in El salvador has had two identifiable stages. In the First stage, institutional reforms, such as DDR(disarmament, demobilization, reintegration), and a truth commission were implemented. The second phase corresponds to the period subsequent to the truth commission report, with the failure to implement the commission's recommendations, including those related to reparations and justice. This essay explain how was transitional justice in El salvador different from the other cases, and what was the purpose of extraordinary transitional justice in El Salvador. In detail, the first section of this essay examines the history of the civil war and peace process in El Salvador, and then explores the relationships between cold war and transitional justice in El Salvador. Finally, this essay suggests that truth commission's mandate which investigate 'serious acts of violence that have occurred since 1980' was very important role to accomplish peace and transitional justice in El Salvador.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.16
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• pp.303-339
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• 2007

"The damage incurred from forced mobilization under the Japanese Imperialism" means the life, physical, and property damage suffered by those who were forced to lead a life as soldiers, civilians attached to the military, laborers, and comfort women forcibly mobilized by the Japanese Imperialists during the period between the Manchurian Incident and the Pacific War. Up to the present time, every effort to restore the history on such a compulsory mobilization-borne damage has been made by the damaged parties, bereaved families, civil organizations, and academic circles concerned; as a result, on March 5, 2004, Disclosure act of Forced Mobilization under the Japanese Imperialism[part of it was partially revised on May 17, 2007]was officially established and proclaimed. On the basis of this law, the Truth Commission on Forced Mobilization under the Japanese Imperialism Republic of Korea[Compulsory Mobilization Commission hence after] was launched under the jurisdiction of the Prime Minister on November 10, 2004. Since February 1, 2005, this organ has begun its work with the aim of looking into the real aspects of damage incurred from compulsory mobilization under the Japanese Imperialism, by which making the historical truth open to the world. The major business of this organ is to receive the damage report and investigation of the reported damage[examination of the alleged victims and bereaved families, and decision-making], receipt of the application for the fact-finding & fact finding; fact finding and matters impossible to make judgment; correction of a family register subsequent to the damage judgement; collection & analysis of data concerning compulsory mobilization at home and from abroad and writing up of a report; exhumation of the remains, remains saving, their repatriation, and building project for historical records hall and museum & memorial place, etc. The Truth Commission on Compulsory Mobilization has dug out and collected a variety of records to meet the examination of the damage and fact finding business. As is often the case with other history of damage, the records which had already been made open to the public or have been newly dug out usually have their limits to ascertaining of the diverse historical context involved in compulsory mobilization in their quantity or quality. Of course, there may happen a case where the interested parties' story can fill the vacancy of records or has its foundational value more than its related record itself. The Truth Commission on Compulsory mobilization generated a variety of oral history records through oral interviews with the alleged damage-suffered survivors and puts those data to use for examination business, attempting to make use of those data for public use while managing those on a systematic method. The Truth Commission on compulsory mobilization-possessed oral history archives were generated based on a drastic planning from the beginning of their generation, and induced digital medium-based production of those data while bearing the conveniences of their management and usage in mind from the stage of production. In addition, in order to surpass the limits of the oral history archives produced in the process of the investigating process, this organ conducted several special training sessions for the interviewees and let the interviewees leave their real context in time of their oral testimony in an interview journal. The Truth Commission on compulsory mobilization isn't equipped with an extra records management system for the management of the collected archives. The digital archives are generated through the management system of the real aspects of damage and electronic approval system, and they plays a role in registering and searching the produced, collected, and contributed records. The oral history archives are registered at the digital archive and preserved together with real records. The collected oral history archives are technically classified at the same time of their registration and given a proper number for registration, classification, and keeping. The Truth Commission on compulsory mobilization has continued its publication of oral history archives collection for the positive use of them and is also planning on producing an image-based matters. The oral history archives collected by this organ are produced, managed and used in as positive a way as possible surpassing the limits produced in the process of investigation business and budgetary deficits as well as the absence of records management system, etc. as the form of time-limit structure. The accumulated oral history archives, if a historical records hall and museum should be built as regulated in Disclosure act of forced mobilization, would be more systematically managed and used for the public users.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.329-335
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• 2011

There has been an ongoing symbiotic relationship between the history of the International Commission on Mathematical Instruction(ICMI) and the broader history of mathematics education since 1908. Similarly, the International Congress on Mathematical Education(ICME) has played an important role in the direction of Mathematics education since its first congress in 1969. ICME-12 is due to be held in Seoul, Korea from July $8^{th}$ to $15^{th}$ 2012. To date, there has been no research paper concerning the history of the ICMI published in any Korean journal. In readiness for the upcoming ICME-12, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the history of the IMCI from the perspective of Mathematics education.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.77-86
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• 2004

Felix Klein profoundly influenced mathematical developments throughout the world by showing a new direction for modem geometry. He also influenced the lives of excellent scientists like Einstein by reforming mathematical education. The first Felix Klein medal of the Internal Commission on Mathematical Instruction was awarded at ICME-10 in July of 2004. In this article, we discuss Klein's Erlangen Program and investigate his influence on modem mathematics and mathematical education with this medal as momentum.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.198-201
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• 2007

Currently, both Korea and Japan have cooperated to get a foothold in economic major countries in the Asia through the various economic cooperation and the overcoming of cultural difference in cultural interchanges between two countries. However, in the present age, two countries are on the other road in historical view and conception; the final report over 3 year studies by the two countries' history study partnership commission shows the above views; while Korea has been in base of Japan colonialization's unjustification, Japan has been in base of its facts. The aboves have proved that Japan has not taken an honest self examination and conscience over the history. Accordingly, Japan resistance volunteer memorial is proposed as the educational place to carry down the martyr's holy patriotism in later ages and practice its spirit by learning the resistance volunteer resistance volunteer movement, which focused on resisting the Japan invasion and fighting the independence.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.35-50
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• 2022

This study examines the design intent and the construction background of the UNESCO House in Korea planned in the 1950s, with a focus on the initial plans of the House by Kuzosa Architects & Engineers in 1959. To this day, the House has been evaluated as a representative example of an office building in the 1960s, and an early case of introducing curtain walls in Korea. However, only its technical characteristics have been explored with less emphasis on further research data. This study attempts to demonstrate the social and cultural expectations and the demands of the construction of the House by examining the documents produced at the time and the initial plan. This study also highlights the fact that the House was the first project of the architect Pai Ki Hyung to realize high-rise reinforced concrete construction in Seoul's dense center. In the 1950s, the House was planned as a modern building with a complex of various cultural facilities and offices due to the character of activities of the Commission, and the lack of public cultural facilities in Korea. The plan of the Kuzosa Architects & Engineers was selected through a design competition held in 1959. The House was completed in 1967, which took about eight years from planning to completion with design modification in the 1960s. The initial plan submitted before the design modification shows that Pai used the vocabulary and logic of modern architecture and planned the House not as a simple office building but as a complex cultural facility.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.15
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• pp.89-116
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• 2001

Throughout the history of UCP, the longest lasting operational rules have been those derived from internationally acceptable best practices. I would propose that the effort to establish best practices be undertaken using four tools the SBPED, ISP98, the Opinions of the Banking Commission, and decisional law by respected courts in jurisdictions that influence letter of credit case law in the various regions. The SBPED and the ISP98 should be used; not only as a model for the drafting of future operational rules, but also as a questionnaire on best practices directed to all the national committees. The Opinions of the Banking Commission and the leading cases should be used to verify the soundness and enforceability of proposed rules. For this reason, I would suggest that the revision wait until the dust settles sometime in 2003 (10 years after the enactment of UCP 500) and we know if it is a good idea to attempt the drafting of new operational rules and whether to merge with closely related sets of rules. To do otherwise may entail a revision of the revision while it is still going on, or worse, discarding it before the ink dries or the electronic message reaches its intended recipient.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.8 no.1 s.18
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• pp.81-94
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• 1999

This Study aims at searching the meanings in the creative process of Ronchamp chapel by analyzing the drawings of the site, plan, section and elevation in chronological order. The origins of his architectural creation are identifying with the site(memories of Acropolis), analogies of crab shell, air plane wing and hydraulic dams. The architect informed himself about the site ,the tradition of pilgrimage associated with the place, and its devotion to the Holy Virgin; he looked into the rituals of the Catholic religion, spoke with ecclesiastics; he studied and annotated a monograph devoted to the site of Ronchamp. Also ,the plan required that it be possible to collect rainwater, since such was rare on the hill. In the first design phase, overall conception of building was carried out in the sketches and drawings from June 1950 to November 1950. The second phase in the elaboration of the project was from January 1951(at which time preliminary project was presented to the Commission of Holy Art) to April 1953. The modifications made were in response to opinions expressed by the patrons. The building moved to east and gargoyle moved to west, then, the elevations of north and west were changed. He designed the artificial land and bell tower from the first phase even after the beginning of construction ,he wanted them to be built .But they were not constructed, so the outer space for rituals of religion had no tension. I concluded that Le Corbusier had gifted ability and efforts to create spontaneous birth(after incubation) of the whole work, and the execution of drawings itself. He devoted himself to accomplish the project in spite of the change in situation or by clients.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.254-273
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• 2023

In 2023, the Cultural Heritage Administration of Korea is transforming a system that has been in existence for the past 60 years. In these circumstances, an increasing recognition of the need for such changes is intended to start the study of the historical context in the conceptual development of cultural heritage. The employment of imported concepts of heritage created the demand for understanding at least the original contexts. Many European concepts have been introduced. In this study, the French Revolution is selected as the starting point for historical research on conceptual development. France opened a new horizon to national heritage since the establishment of the Republic at the end of the 18th century. The French Revolution placed monuments denied by the collapse of the Ancien Regime back into the boundaries of protection. In this process, the Commission des Monuments and the Commission Temporaire des Arts were created. There were limits to conservation activities in the context of the revolution and war. However, it is meaningful in that they established conservation principles with instructions and created new value for looking at monuments. It was pioneering in that it demonstrated the perspective of national heritage. This is significant because the top flow of conceptual development has led to a monument historique, bien culturel, and patrimoine culturel in France. This history provides a universal essence and has great implications for Korea as a divided country