• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.793-820
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• 2009

The studies of correspondence between novel and nation-state, among which The Rise of the Novel by Ian Watt is supposed to be the first book, have flourished for more than twenty years, encouraged by Benedict Anderson's and Cathy Davidson's works. According to them, the novel should come simultaneously with, or after the foundation of the nation-state, and testify to its production or the emergence of its subject/citizen. This paper questions about these prepositions, trying to introduce a new paradigmatical approach, "between global and transnational historical approach," to first novels in transatlantic areas including England and atlantic coastal areas. In its complex relation to a variety of colonial, post-colonial, and transnational geopolitics, various cultural practices such as history, traveler's tales and epistolary novels can be included in the genre of the novel. The idea of the sexual contract by Carole Pateman is very useful because it helps more clearly understand the nature of relation between men and women in the capitalist reproduction, while the social contract tells about the relation between men as citizens. Unlike Freud in Totem and Taboo, Zilboorg argues that there were primordial and violent scenes such as rape before the first sexual contract. This paper will illuminate that "the rise of the novel" corresponded with the emergence of the sexual contract. In the so-called first novel Pamela, the heroine Pamela was threatened to be violated by Mr. B., and was really even confined in his cottage. Mary Rowlandson's The Captive Narrative shows that her body was confined as an English female captive, and troubled with imaginary rape by Indians which resulted in the unequal sexual contract between her and her puritan community in America. However, Leonora Sansay's Secret History in an alternative communality, which was not a nation-state, was different from both novels mentioned above, in that it shows the possibility of emancipation from their unequal marriage, the sexual contract. Therefore, it can be argued that "between global and transnational historical approach" has a possibility to provide a new vision of global sisterhood and solidarity to recognize globalized women's violence, and free themselves from the unequal sexual contract.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.83-89
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• 2019

Zhang yimou's film "the shadow" adopts a lot of modern literary symbolic content in the story structure. The novel has been greatly modified, abandoning the setting of the original work and making up the historical background of the story, thus completing the discourse practice of aerial literature rather than historical literature. The film expresses the historical story poetically and even writes the personal mind. In this way, the audience's sense of substitution is increased, and a large number of traditional Chinese cultural symbols are adopted visually. In terms of clothing, the most traditional is sought, which advocates loyalty to history, and adds cultural connotation and depth. The audience can feel the bold and unfettered artistic creation spirit of the main creator, as well as the novel and unique visual expression style, which makes his works have both traditional visual perception and modern story content. The combination of traditional vision and modern drama forms a new visual and cultural experience.

• 지역과문화
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.29-53
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• 2019

Korean traditional women artists are placed in dual suffering from unequal rights in terms of gender and misrecognition endowed by historical legacy. There has been no clear cut definition but interchangeable adoption of various terms such as Yeo-ak, Yeo-gi, and Gisaeng even in the study of music theory and history itself. Study on female musician has been mostly performed on the basis of music theory and history so that one sided discourse on female traditional artist has survived and aggravated its connotation during the colonial ages and modernization. Envisioning traditional female artist as instrumentalizing their body and status as artist resulted in crucifying victims of sexual harassment is one recent example. This study is an attempt to collect knowledge on the various layers of discourse about the status and role of female traditional artist. This is a first stage of analysis covering the period Joseon dynasty where original and official records regarding female traditional artists remains until today. The findings are that policy discourse are to be classified as politico-ideological layer, music theoretical layer, and socio-political layer. It is to be clarified in the future which layer has the most sustaining influence to the present and why.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.29-41
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• 1996

A 'TEXT' is a basic unit of culture. It is also the whole of culture organization which is generalizing a culture. Literary texts which are reflection of the culture could be understood as historical discourse. This thesis which is based on the 'Semiotic theory', 'Victor Turner's Performance theory', and Sung Man Lee's 'Information Model', classified the type of meaning to explain how to communicate the meaning of thing which were described in novels, for examples, background, dress, dialogue, era, etc. An interpreter (reader) should understand the culture described in novels to clarify the ambiguous significance. An interpretative theory of symbolic meaning described in text was presented in this thesis, and it was applied to analysis Myung Hee Choi's novel, 'Honbul'.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.64 no.4
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• pp.601-616
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• 2018

This article explores the ways Charles Dickens's roles as novelist and journal editor overlapped and influenced one another in the serial publication of A Tale of Two Cities (1859) and complicates recent historicist readings, which situate the novel in relation to the Indian Mutiny (1857-59), by calling attention to a double imperial logic used to construct British subjectivity not only against forms of Eastern Otherness but, moreover, against forms of Southern Otherness associated with the European South, especially Italy. Analyzing Dickens's historical representation of the French Revolution in relation to its contemporary international political context, this essay examines how the novel's serial publication draws upon political discourse from contemporary articles on the Second Italian War of Independence (1859-61) appearing concurrently in Dickens's journal, All the Year Round. Orientalism circulates simultaneously in the novel as a distant and exotic as well as a provincial and parochial representation of racial and cultural Otherness.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.33
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• pp.461-494
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• 2013

The purpose of this work is to analyze categorial character of Russian verbal aspect from the typological perspective. To do this, first of all we will examine the overall historical process of grammaticalization of Russian verbal aspect. As a result of analysis, we have suggested that against wide-spread general assumptions in this area Russian verbal aspect correspond rather to lexico-grammatical category, than to purely typical grammatical category. Actually, I think this kind of approach as a pivotal point for the study of Russian verbal aspect. For example, this kind of typological approach has great advantages in a sense that firstly it gives us possibility of breaking from notorious routine Slavic-Centrism, secondly it can explain sufficiently and adequately various lexico-semantic usages of Russian verbs. Thirdly, our approach consistently accounts for various interactions of lexico-semantic, grammatical, discourse-pragmatic levels, in which Russian verbal aspect is involved. And finally, it sheds light on functional interactions between verbal categories, such as aspect, tense, and mood.

• English & American cultural studies
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.323-348
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• 2009

Kazuo Ishiguro's fifth novel When We Were Orphans (2000) tells the story of Christopher Banks, a private detective, who embarks on the ultimate case of his career, the puzzle of his own life. The novel consists of two overall parts, one taking place in London, the other in Shanghai-a division which reveals one of the novel's major themes, the relation between home and abroad. Set in the 1930s, Ishiguro's novel on the one hand contains all the classic ingredients of the so called golden age detective genre-an archetypal English private detective, equipped with fierce deductive skills and a magnifying glass, as well as suspects, criminals, and victims-and yet on the other hand it also deviates in significant ways. In this article, I will attempt to make some links between When We Were Orphans and the genre paradigm of the golden age detective story, arguing that Ishiguro's novel offers an exploration of the genre's ideological connections to a larger historical discourse of imperial nostalgia and decline.

• American Studies
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.113-135
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• 2021

The Civil War is widely accepted as the single most meaningful event in American history that overcame the most fatal crisis of internal division of the nation with much success. That meaningfulness in turn glorifies the North's triumph over the South and justifies hierarchical differences between the two. Yet, as shown in the studies of Civil War literature, such glorification and justification relies too much on the North-centered historical paradigm. This essay aims to offer a way of rectifying it by examining a short story by one of the persistently obscured writers of the period: Elizabeth Stoddard. The essay follows the cue of Alice Fahs's cultural-studies methodology of using popular wartime periodicals as the main resource of the war literature, and reads Stoddard's "Sally's Choice" as one of the examples that expose the hegemonic bias inside the North-directed discourse of the time. This essay is expected to demonstrate the necessity of expanding and deepening our conception of 'literature,' 'the Civil War,' and 'Civil War literature' in an ever-flexible and ever-changeable manner.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to typify femininity and masculinity represented in mainstream women's and men's fashion magazines in Korea since 2000 and infer sexual ideology appearing in contemporary Korean society by content analysis with the view of plural sexuality. For the content analysis total 259 editorial fashion photography was analyzed. As the result, 5 femininities and 5 masculinities were typified, and then sexual discourse was inferred out of the frequency of each type and texts with the images. On the basis of previous studies and historical considerations of this topic, the types of sexuality represented in mainstream fashion magazines in Korea since 2000 were classified as follow.: in women's fashion magazines Traditional Femininity and Androgynous Femininity were almost similarily dominant sexuality, and Glamor Femininity, Babydoll Femininity, and Genderless sexuality were alternative. Meanwhile, in men's fashion magazines Traditional Masculinity formed clear dominant sexuality, and Macho Masculinity, Androgynous Masculinity, Adolescent Masculinity, and Genderless sexuality were alternatives. In addition, Androgynous Masculinity in women's fashion magazines occupied the highest frequency, while Glamor Femininity in men's fashion magazines did so. From this sexual discourses represented in mainstream fashion magazines in Korea since 2000 are as follow.: First, mainstream fashion in Korea sticks to the modern values preserving traditional sexual ideology even in this postmodern period of the former 21C. Second, Androgynous Femininity as another dominant femininity with Traditional Femininity connotes the change of conception of femininity in Korean society. Third, Androgynous Masculinity to females is preferred, while femininity to males is still regarded as fetish or adorned object. Fourth, the appearance of various alternative sexualities leads to pluralization of sexuality, and then fashion gradually codifies youthfulness and feminine values, such as body and sexual desire more than before.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.901-919
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to conceptualize some issues around university restructuring in Korea, and explore rational-practical solutions ensuring the survival of higher education institutes confronting many challenges like rapid decreasing rate of birth, global open market of higher education system, and the phenomena of concentration on capital city area etc.. In order to achieve study goals, higher education policies and provisions of past governments from DaeJung Kim's to current MeongBak Lee's were analyzed, and also characteristics and directions of university restructuring of each government were identified. Through this analysis, it was evident that the main concern of university restucturing discourse was primarily focused on how to make public universities have high level of competitiveness. On the other hand, private universities had been totally alienated from university restructuring discourse since 1990's, despite their historical and great contributions to national development of our country. Based on some criticisms of educational policies of national government and partial revision proposal of the higher education act initiated by a few assemblymen, this study suggested eight solutions for developmental restructuring of private universities; constructing comprehensive framework of university restructuring, keeping market-friendly restructuring principle to allow universities take an autonomous position, revising methods, criteria and indexes of university evaluation, reducing the number of enrolling students, not the number of universities and colleges, a new policy to develop local universities allying with universities located at capital city area, differentiating private universities into two types of semi- or quasi-national university and complete autonomous university, legislating financial supports to private universities, and lastly, equal treatment of public and private universities in pursuit of half price tuition.