• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제40권
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• pp.44.1-44.17
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• 2018

Background: Coffee extract has been investigated by many authors, and many minor components of coffee are known, such as polyphenols, diterpenes (kahweol and cafestol), melanoidins, and trigonelline, to have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-angiogenic, anticancer, chemoprotective, and hepatoprotective effects. Therefore, it is necessary to know its pharmacological effect on hepatocytes which show the most active cellular regeneration in body. Methods: In order to determine whether coffee extract has a beneficial effect on the liver, 20 C57BL/6J mice were intraperitoneally injected once with dialyzed coffee extract (DCE)-2.5 (equivalent to 2.5 cups of coffee a day in man), DCE-5, or DCE-10, or normal saline (control), and then followed by histological observation and IP-HPLC (immunoprecipitation high performance liquid chromatography) over 24 h. Results: Mice treated with DCE-2.5 or DCE-5 showed markedly hypertrophic hepatocytes with eosinophilic cytoplasms, while those treated with DCE-10 showed slightly hypertrophic hepatocytes, which were well aligned in hepatic cords with increased sinusoidal spaces. DCE induced the upregulations of cellular proliferation, growth factor/RAS signaling, cellular protection, p53-mediated apoptosis, angiogenesis, and antioxidant and protection-related proteins, and the downregulations of NFkB signaling proteins, inflammatory proteins, and oncogenic proteins in mouse livers. These protein expression changes induced by DCE were usually limited to the range ± 10%, suggesting murine hepatocytes were safely reactive to DCE within the threshold of physiological homeostasis. DCE-2.5 and DCE-5 induced relatively mild dose-dependent changes in protein expressions for cellular regeneration and de novo angiogenesis as compared with non-treated controls, whereas DCE-10 induced fluctuations in protein expressions. Conclusion: These observations suggested that DCE-2.5 and DCE-5 were safer and more beneficial to murine hepatocytes than DCE-10. It was also found that murine hepatocytes treated with DCE showed mild p53-mediated apoptosis, followed by cellular proliferation and growth devoid of fibrosis signaling (as determined by IP-HPLC), and subsequently progressed to rapid cellular regeneration and wound healing in the absence of any inflammatory reaction based on histologic observations.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2015

Objectives : The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Schizonepeta Spica water extract (SS) on the OVA-induced BLAB/c mice allergic rhinitis model.Methods : Thirty two BALB/c mice were equally assigned to 4 groups; the sham group, the control group, the cetirizine hydrochloride (Cet) treatment group, and the SS treatment group. Sham group was sensitized and challenged with saline, and the other groups were sensitized and challenged with OVA. The dosage of SS was 7.6 mg /kg·day, and Cet was 10 mg/kg·day. Nasal rubbing and sneezing were measured by the behavior observation. The concentrations of IL-1β, IL-10, TNF-α and MIP-2 in the sera of allergic rhinitis model were measured by mouse cytokine/chemokine magnetic bead panel kits. Total IgE and OVA-specific IgE were measured by ELISA method. Epithelial thickness and eosinophil infiltration of nasal septum was investigated by histological examination.Results : The clinical symptoms that increased in control group were significantly reduced in SS-treated group. Serum total IgE and OVA-specific IgE in the SS-treated group were significantly reduced compared to the control group. The concentration of IL-1β, IL-10, TNF-α and MIP-2 in SS-treated group showed a significant reduction compared to the control group. The infiltration of eosinophil into nasal tissues of SS-treated group decreased markedly compared to control group, and thickness of nasal septum in nasal mucosa showed a significant reduction compared to control group.Conclusions : According to the above result, it is suggested that SS may inhibit the early and late phase of allergic rhinitis reaction.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.275-283
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• 2007

목 적: 본 연구에서는 생리혈에 존재하는 탈락된 자궁내막조직에서의 자궁내막증 관련 유전자들의 발현 양상과 자궁내막증 병태생리와의 관련성을 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구방법: 자궁내막증으로 확진된 환자 (n=16)와 정상 대조군 (n=26)에서 생리주기 2$\sim$3일째 Wallace catheter로 채취한 생리혈로부터 탈락된 자궁내막조직을 분리하였다. 기존의 연구들에서 보고된 12종류의 자궁내막증 관련 유전자들의 mRNA 발현 양상을 semi-quantitative RT-PCR 방법으로 비교, 분석하였다. 결 과: 생리혈에서 분리한 탈락된 자궁내막조직은 조직학적 관찰을 통해 자궁내막조직임을 확인하였다. 총 12가지 종류의 자궁내막증 관련 유전자에 대한 RT-PCR 분석에서 telomerase, c-kit, aromatase등의 mRNA 발현이 관찰되지 않았다. 세포사멸 (apoptosis)과 관련성이 있는 fas, fas ligand, bcl-2, bax 유전자와 stem cell factor, ER-$\alpha$/$\beta$, endometriosis protein-I, secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor 등의 mRNA 발현 양상은 자궁내막증으로 확진된 환자군과 대조군에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 결 론: 결론적으로 자궁내막증과 관련된 다양한 유전자들의 발현 양상을 생리혈에 존재하는 탈락된 자궁내막조직에서 분석하였지만 의미성이 있는 유전자를 동정하지는 못하였다. 이는 자궁내막조직의 생리학적 특징인 생리주기에 따른 유전자 발현의 역동적인 변화와 관련이 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.124-132
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• 1990

It has been reported that hematoma is one of the most crucial factors in fracture healing since callus formation is disturbed by washing out the hematoma near a fracture site. However, it is not clear why the hamatoma is important and how it plays a role during the fracture healing. In order to investigate the role of hematoma in the process of fracture healing, the osteogenic potential by subperiosteal transplantation have been studied. Experimental fractures by operation were made at the mid-shaft of the tibia in New Zealand white rabbits. Removal of hematoma at the fracture site was done after 2 and 3 days from experimental fracture, and the removed hematoma was transplanted into the subperiosteal area at the mid-shaft of the ulna of each rabbit. As control groups, we have performed 3 different procedures 1) the hematoma was transplanted into the muscular layers at the thigh and forearm; 2) autologous blood clots were transplanted into the subperiosteal area of the ulna; and 3) sham operation without a transplantation into the subperiosteal area. After transplantation, serial bone scintigraphy and simple radiography were performed at 4 days, 1 week, and 2 weeks to detect an abnormality. The results of bone scintigraphy were positive in 5 of 6 experimental group. However, all in three control groups were negative. Histological observation of the positive bone revealed new bone formation with trabeculation. These results suggest the hematoma in fracture site has osteogenic potential in the subperiosteal area which can be demonstrable by bone scintigraphy and histologic findings. Therefore, it is considered that hematoma of the fracture site plays an important role in the process of fracture healing. Further biochemical investigation using various experimental models is mandatory to apply this preliminary result to the treatment of clinical delayed union or nonunion.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.381-386
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• 2010

과립 비대기 동안의 괘대시기가 '거봉' 포도의 열과에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 포도 과립의 생육 및 과피의 특성 변화를 조사하였다. 포도 과립중은 만개후 7-9주간 괘대한 후기 처리구에서 13.4g으로 가장 높았으며, 전기간 괘대구가 12.3g으로 가장 낮았다. 한계팽압에서 포도 과립의 열과율이 무대구에서 53.3% 이상 발생하여 가장 높았던 반면, 처리구에서는 전기간 괘대구(42.7%), 초기 괘대구(37.3%), 중기 괘대구(33.3%), 후기 괘대구(18.7%)의 순으로 열과가 경감되었다. 과피의 조직학적 특성을 관찰한 결과, 무대 처리에 비해 괘대 처리구에서 과피 표면의 과점의 크기가 작았으며 형태가 건전하였다. 특히 후기 괘대구에서는 기공 주변이 코르크화와 미세균열이 관찰되지 않았으며, 과피의 아표피층과 세포벽의 두께가 증가하여 과피가 구조적으로 강화되었다. 따라서 상대적으로 일조시간이 길고 광도가 높은 변색기 직전에 2주간 괘대처리가 '거봉' 포도의 과피 구조를 강화시켜 열과 겸감에 효과적임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2012

Objectives: Osteoporosis, which occurs after menopause, is a kind of metabolic bone disorder. It develops when the bone mass begins to decrease radically, and its main symptoms are bone fracture and height-shortening. This thesis aims at what effects the Cuscutae Semen Extract(CSE) has on the prevention of osteoporosis in SD-rat that is caused by ovariectomy. Methods: The 24 female white rats, after removing their ovaries, were divided into the Normals, the Control group, and the CSE administrated group. For the next 8 weeks, distilled water to the normals and the control, and the CSE(45.9 mg/100 g) to the CSE administrated group were given in the mouths of them. After 8 weeks the rats were sacrificed. Weight, albumin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total-cholesterol, triglyceride, phosphorus, calcium, tetraiodothyronine, estradiol, the weight of the femur, the amount of tibia ash, the area of trabecular bone, and the thickness of trabecular bone were measured. Results: The serum analysis shows that the calcium and phosphorous of the CSE administrated group significantly increased compared to that of the control group. Aspartate aminotransferase, alkalinephosphatase, total cholesterol, tetraiodothyronine of CSE group were decreased, but not so significant. Albumin, alanine aminotransferase, triglyceride and estradiol of the group showed the tendency to increase, but the significance wasn't admitted. Regarding the variation of bone, the femur weight and the ash content of tibia, CSE group was more increased than the control group but the significance wasn't admitted. The histological observation shows that the trabecular thickness was more increased than the control group, and trabecular area increased significantly compared to those of the control group. The number of osteoclast and osteoblast area of the CSE groups decreased significantly compared to those of the control group. Conclusions: From the result of the above study, CSE should be effective for the osteoporosis cure and precaution and deeper study through bedside and clinical demonstration is much needed from now on.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.63-77
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of water and fermentation extracts of KMS (Kami-Mihudeongsikjang-tang) on AD (atopic dermatitis). Additionally, by applying the fermentation extracts of KMS at the first sensitization and latency period, I investgated whether it could prevent AD. Methods: In this study, to test the effect and preventive efficacy of KMSs on AD. DNCB-induced BALB/c mice of AD model was used. Through histological observation, epidermis and dermis thickness, the infiltration of eoshiphils and mast cells in epidermis and dermis were examined. We measured the serum level of IgE and IL-6, TNF-alpha, and the expressions of $NF-{\kappa}B$ and MAPK protein. In order to examine the effect of KMSs on keratinocyte, HaCaT cells were treated TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma to induce an inflammatory response. The KMSs were applied at various concentration in the experimental group. We investigated TARC expression. Results: The treatment groups were reduced epidermis and dermis thickness, inhibited the infiltration of eosinophils and mast cells, reduced the serum level of IL-6. Moreover, sfKMS group reduced serum level of TNF-alpha, inhibited the protein expressions of $NF-{\kappa}B$ and the phosphoryllation of ERK, JNK and p38. Especially sfKMS-pre group were reduced the serum level of IgE, show significant inhibition on the protein expression of $NF-{\kappa}B$ and the phosphoryllation of ERK, JNK and p38. In the experiment on HaCaT cells, sfKMS group were reduced expression of TARC. Conclusions: These result suggest that wKMS and sfKMS was effective in the treament on AD, and sfKMS would prevent AD.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.53-65
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• 2023

Objectives : Present study investigated the hepatoprotective effects and the optimal mixing ratio of fermented Schizandrae Fructus Pomace (fSFP) and Hoveniae Semen Cum Fructus (HSCF) extract combination in carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)-induced acute liver injury mice. Methods : ICR mice were orally administered with 200 mg/kg of fSFP, HSCF and mixtures of fSFP and HSCF [MSH (w:w); 1:1, 1:2, 1:4, 1:6, 2:1, 4:1, 6:1, and 8:1] for 7 consecutive days. Silymarin (100 mg/kg) was administered as a reference drug. 0.5 mL/kg of CCl₄ was injected intraperitoneally to induce acute liver injury. Body weight gain, relative liver weight, serum chemistry, histopathological analysis, and hepatic endogenous antioxidants capacities were observed. Results : All diverse combinations of MSH significantly reduced relative liver weight increase by CCl₄. In addition, MSH administrations significantly decreased the elevation of serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities by CCl₄. Histopathological observation indicated that all MSH treatments significantly reduced the increase of degenerated hepatocytes, inflammatory cell infiltration, and histological activity index score by CCl₄. Moreover, all MSH administrations reduced the elevation of malondialdehyde contents, and ameliorated the reduction of hepatic glutathione contents, superoxide dismutase activity, and catalase activity. Among the various mixing ratio of MSH combinations, MSH 1:1 and 2:1 showed the most potent anti-oxidative stress, and hepatoprotective effect. Conclusion : Present results suggest that 1:1 and 2:1 combinations of MSH is promising herbal formulation with the hepatoprotective effect against oxidative stress.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.105-112
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• 1981

1980년 9월(月)부터 1981년1월(月)까지 광주시도축장(光州市屠畜)에서 도살(屠殺)된 돈(豚)에서 검출(檢出)된 Anisakidae 유충(幼蟲)과 광주시장(光州市場)에서 구입(購入)한 고등어에서 채취(採取)한 유충(幼蟲)을 사용(使用)하여 그 충체(忠體)의 계측(計測)과 형태학적(形態學的) 구조(構造)를 관찰(觀察)하여 Anisakis I 형(型)으로 동정(同定)하게 된 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 충체(蟲體)는 골벽내(骨壁內)에 침입(侵入)하였거나 골점막면(骨粘膜面)에 부착(附着)하고 있었다. 조직내(組織內) 충체(蟲體)는 변성(變性)의 정도(程度)에 따라 그 구조(構造)의 선명도(鮮明度)에 따라 차이(差異)가 있었으며 어느 것은 명확(明確)한 구조(構造)를 나타내었으나 어느 것은 식별(識別)할 수 없을 정도(程度)로 변화(變化)했다. 2. 돈(豚)과 고등어에서 채취(採取)한 충체(蟲體)의 계측평균직(計測平均直)는 각각(各各) 체장(體長)이 18.0mm, 18.7mm, 체부(體副)이 0.30mm, 0.41mm, 식도(食道)가 1.64mm, 1.18mm, 위(胃)가 0.56mm, 0.67mm 미(尾)가 0.13mm, 0.12mm이었다. 선인(先人)의 보고(報告)에서 체장(體長)에 있어서 사람의 예(例)의 24.4mm와 해어류(海魚類)의 예(例)의 28.4mm의 것보다는 적었으나 돈(豚)의 예(例)의 17.5mm하고는 비슷하였다. 3. 두부(頭部)에 천치(穿齒(boring tooth)와 미부(尾部)에 소극(小棘)(Mucron)이 있고 장위(長胃), 단미(短尾), 순원 (純圓)의 미단등(尾端等)의 특징(特徵)은 단위(短尾), 장미(長尾), 염미단(炎尾端), 미단(尾端)에 소극(小棘)이 없는 Anisakis II 형(型)과 구별(區別)되었다. 위측실(胃側室)(ventricular appendix)과 장맹낭(腸盲囊)(intestinal caecum) 등(等)이 없는 점(點)은 Terranova larvae, Contracaecum larvae, Raphidascaris larvae 그리고 Thynnascaris larvae 등(等)과 구별(區別)되었다. 4. 충체(蟲體)의 단면(斷面)은 각피(角皮). 근층(筋層), 배선(背線), 복선(腹線), Y자형(字形) 또는 쌍엽상(雙葉狀)의 측선(側線), 배세선(排泄線), 장(陽)의 단층도주장토피세절구등은 Anisakis I 형(型)의 특징등(特徵等)을 나타내었고 이것들은 변성(變性)의 진행정도(進行程度)에 따라 다양(多樣)한 변화(變化)를 나타냈다. 5.이상의 형태학적(形態學的) 및 현미경적(顯微鏡的)관찰(觀察)로 미루어 Anisakis I 형(型)의 특 유충(幼蟲)이 확실(確實)히 인정(認定)되었다. 6. 한국(韓國), 일본(日本), 대만(臺灣)에서 돈(豚)에의 Anisakis I 형(型)의 자연감염(自然感染)의 예(例)는 한국(韓國), 일본(日本)에서 각각(各各) 2예(二例)가 있을 뿐이고 사람의 증예(症例) 한국(韓國)에서 2예(例)가 있고 일본(日本)에서는 1,000여예(餘例)가 보고되었고, 대만(臺灣)에서는 인(人), 축(畜) 공(共)히도 보고(報告)된 바 없다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.68-81
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• 1986

본(本) 시험(試驗)은 6가지 다른 사양방법(飼養方法)이 White Plymouth Rock 육용종웅계(肉用種雄鷄)의 생체중(生體重), 정소(精巢), 계관(鷄冠), 그리고 뇌하수체(腦下垂體)의 발육(發育)및 성성숙(性成熟)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 구명(究明)하기 위하여 부화(孵化)후부터 22 주령(週齡)까지 2주(週)간격으로 생체중(生體重), 정소(精巢), 계관(鷄冠), 그리고 뇌하수체(腦下垂體)의 중량(重量)이 조사(調査)되었으며, 또한 정소조직(精巢組織)과 정액성상(精液性狀)이 조사(調査)되었다. 그 얻어진 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 1. 생체중(生體重), 정소(精巢), 계관(鷄冠) 발육(發育)은 10주령(週齡)이후부터 무제한급이군(無制限給餌群)들이 제한급이군(制限給餌群)들 무제한급이군(無制限給餌群)들의 70% 급이(給餌)) 보다 2주(週)더 빠름을 나타내었다. 정소(精巢) 및 계관(鷄冠)의 급증시기(急增時期) 무제한급이군(無制限給餌群)들에서 20 주령(週齡)이었고, 제한급이군(制限給餌群)들에서 22 주령(週齡)이었다. 2. 뇌하수체(腦下垂體)의 무게는 부화(孵化)후부터 22 주령(週齡)까지 4 주령(週齡), 14주령(週齡), 16주령(週齡)을 제외(除外)하고 각(各) 주차별(週差別), 각(各) 처리군간(處理群間)에 유의성(有意性)이 나타나지 않았다. 뇌하수체(腦下垂體)의 중량(重量)은 주령(週齡)이 경과하면서 완만한 증가(增加)를 나타내었다. 3. 22주령(週齡)까지에서 주령(週齡), 생체중(生體重), 정소(精巢), 계관(鷄冠) 및 뇌하수체간(腦下垂體間)에는 고도(高度)의 유의성(有意性)인 상관관계(相關關係)를 나타내었다. 4. 세정관(細精管)의 관경(管俓)과 강경(腔俓)은 부화(孵化)후부터 10 주령(週齡)까지 점진적(漸進的)으로 증가(增加)되다가 무제한급이군(無制限給餌群)들에서는 12 주령(週齡)부터 제한급이군(制限給餌群)들에서는 14 주령(週齡)부터 급증(急增)하기 시작하였고, 그후에도 22주령(週齡)까지 계속 증가(增加)되었다. 5. 8주령(週齡)에는 각(各) 처리군(處理群)에서 제일차(第一次) 정모세포(精母細胞)가 처음으로 출현(出現)하였으며, 10주령(週齡)에는 무제한급이군(無制限給餌群)들에서 제이차(第二次) 정모세포(精母細胞)가 그리고 12주령(週齡)에는 제한급이군(制限給餌群)에서 제이차(第二次) 정모세포(精母細胞)가 처음으로 출현(出現)하였다. 14 주령(週齡)에는 무제한급이군(無制限給餌群)들에서 정자세포(精子細胞)와 정자(精子)가 첫 출현(出現)했으나, 제한급이군(制限給餌群)들에서는 정자세포(精子細胞)만 첫 출현(出現)했다. 6. 최초(最初)의 사정(射精)은 모든 처리군(處理群)들에서 14주령(週齡)과 16주령(週齡) 사이에 나타났으며, 평균(平均) 1회(回) 사정량(射精量)과 정자농도(精子農度)는 최초사정시(最初射精時) 0.1~0.2ml과 $5.6{\sim}9.8{\times}10^8/ml$의 범위를, 20주령시(週齡時)에는 0.30~0.35ml과 $22.4{\sim}42.7{\times}10^8/ml$의 범위를 나타내었다.