• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 1998년도 21세기 한반도 농업전망과 대책(한국작물학회.한국육종학회 공동주관 심포지움 회보)
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• pp.210-232
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• 1998

Tong-il, the high-yielding rice variety bred on early 1970, effected a turning point in modern rice production in Korea. As rice production reached the highest record yield in 1978 with HYV, Korea achieved self-sufficiency in domestic supply of rice (or the first time in (her own) history, HYV required high input of fertilizers and pesticides for proving its yielding ability and needed new techniques such as early nursery-planting to prevent chilling damage. But, farm economy did not follow the successful achievement of rice production because of increased farming cost and inflation.'Tong-il variety has been replaced by new high-yielding Japonica varieties from 1980 when record-low-temperature during summer months had persisted. Also, the cooked rice of Tong-il variety did not agree with the appetite of Korean people. Though the hectarage of Tong-il rice did reduce, farmers applied the same high-input cultural techniques for new Japonica cultivars as did for Tong-il variety. Heavy application of nitrogen fertilizer contaminated surface and ground water with nitrate ions while phosphorous fertilizer was blamed for algae pollution. Frequent spray of pesticide and herbicide reduced significantly the biotic population in paddy ecosystems including insects and soil microorganisms. The new technologies of the 21st century must be directed to produce safe food, to save natural resources, and to preserve a clean environment for human welfare. We need low-input sustainable farming techniques to provide high-yielding crops and to preserve a healthy ecosystem.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.745-754
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• 2011

To improve the textural properties of gluten free rice flour based products, the physicochemical and pasting properties of extruded non-waxy rice flours using extruder were investigated. The high yielding Tongil type rice variety, Hanarum was used. Hanarum rice flour was prepared by dry milling from soaked and dried rice grain. The operation conditions of twin screw extruder were 250 rpm of screw speed, $160^{\circ}C$ of barrel temperature, and 24, 27, and 30% of moisture content. Hanarum extruded rice flour (HERF) were lower in crude lipid and ash contents, but higher in crude protein than Hanarum rice flour (HRF). The color values of HERF showed significantly different (p<0.05) with different moisture contents. Water binding capacities, apparent amylose contents, and damaged starch of HERF were higher than those of HRF. Moisture contents affected water binding capacities of HERF. Solubility increased with increasing heating temperature and solubilities of HERF differed significantly (p<0.05). X-ray crystallinity was changed after extrusion cooking and that of HERF showed sharp peaks at $2{\theta}=18-20^{\circ}$. The pasting viscosities of HERF kept lower values (~ 10 RVU) constantly.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.221-231
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• 2013

This study was carried out to investigate the quality characteristics of Jeung-pyun using high yielding type rice (Dasan, Keunseom) and processing type rice (Daerip, Seolgang, Yangjo) for applying a new processes in rice food industry. The weight, volume, specific volume and expansion of Jeung-pyun were the highest in Dasan. The shapes of cross section showed that the air cell of Jeung-pyun made from Dasan and Daerip were smaller and more regular than Keunseom, Seolgang, and Yangjo. The Jeung-pyun of Daerip was the highest in L value, springiness, cohesiveness and chewiness, Keunseom was the highest in a value and hardness; Yangjo was the highest in b value, adhesiveness and gumminess. Jeung-pyun of Dasan was shown, through sensory evaluation, to be the highest in flavor, appearance and overall preference. The Jeung-pyun of Daerip was the highest in color and taste preference, while Seolgang was the highest in texture preference.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.213-219
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• 2013

A field study was conducted to understand nitrogen use efficiency of high yielding Japonica rice varieties under three levels of nitrogen fertilizer (90, 150 and 210 kg N $ha^{-1}$) in Iksan, Korea. Two high yielding rice varieties, Boramchan and Deuraechan, and an control variety, Dongjin2, were grown in fine silty paddy. Nitrogen use efficiencies (NUE) were 83.3, 56.3, and 41.2 in 90, 150, and 210 kg N $ha^{-1}$ fertilizer level, respectively. Total nitrogen uptake varied significantly among nitrogen levels and varieties. Variety Dongjin2 showed the highest nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUpE), while Boramchan and Deuraechan showed higher nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUtE). However, Nitrogen harvest index (NHI) was higher in Boramchan (0.58) than Deuraechan (0.57) and Dongjin2 (0.53). Rough rice yield showed linear relationship with total nitrogen uptake ($R^2$=0.72) within the range of nitrogen treatments. Boramchan produced significantly higher rough rice yield (8546 kg $ha^{-1}$) which mainly due to higher number of panicles per $m^2$ compared to Deuraechan (7714 kg $ha^{-1}$). Deuraechan showed higher number of spikelets per panicle, but showed lower yield due to lower number of panicle per $m^2$. Rice varieties showed different nitrogen uptake ability and NUE at different nitrogen level. Plant breeders and agronomist should take advantage of the significant variations and relationships among grain yield, NUpE, and NUE.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.19-19
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• 2017

The indica ${\times}$ japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars released in Japan since 1980 are high-yielding. However, occasionally in these cultivars their high yield potentials cannot be realized, particularly depending on climate conditions. The objectives of this study were to identify the reason for yield instability and the critical yield component factor causing lower grain yield in these high-yielding cultivars. Standard-yield japonica, high-yielding japonica-dominant, and indica-dominant cultivars were grown in western Japan. Rough grain yield (RY) in these high-yielding cultivars ranged from 450 to $980g\;m^{-2}$, and was positively correlated with potential grain yield (PRY). By fluctuations of solar radiation, RY changed with spikelet number (SNO), and SNO was correlated with cumulative radiation during the panicle formation period of 30 days before heading. Even if higher SNO was achieved under higher radiant conditions, RY was lower than PRY. The lower grain-filling in plants bearing higher SNO resulted from a lower filling percentage of spikelets (%F, RY/PRY), and %F was strongly correlated with spikelet fertility (%S) across all cultivars. %S was highly influenced by cumulative radiation per PRY during pollen development and establishment around heading. Inhibition of assimilation by leaf removal lowered %S. Conversely, stem thinning and removal of upper panicles around heading increased %S in spikelets of the lower part of the panicle in which sterility was higher. These results suggest that limitation of assimilate-supply due to low irradiance at the spikelet-formation and flowering stages restrains the potential of the high-yielding cultivars, depending on reduction of SNO and %S, respectively.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-30
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• 1974

수도저위(水稻低位) 생산력(生産力)의 원인구명(原因究明)에 관(關)한 영양생리학적연구(營養生理적硏究)로 여러 가지 생육조건하(生育條件下)에서 품종별(品種別) 양분흡수(養分吸收) 및 동화기능(同化機能)과 양분(養分)의 체내(體內)에서의 이행양상(移行樣相)을 추구(追究)하는 한편 고수량지(高收量地) 벼와 저수량지(低收量地) 벼에 대(對)한 생육시기별(生育時期別)로 양분(養分)의 흡수(吸收) 체내무기양분(體內無機養分)과 수량(收量) 및 수량구성요소(收量構成要素)와의 관계(關係) 등(等)을 추구(追究)하여 저수량지(低收量地) 벼의 영양생리적(營養生理的) 저수요인(低收要因)을 밝히고저 본연구(本硏究)를 수행(遂行)하였던 바 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과같다. 1. 양분(養分)의 흡수력(吸收力)은 품종(品種)에 따라 차이(差異)가 있으며 인산(燐酸) 및 가리(加里)의 흡수력(吸收力)이 강(强)한 품종(品種)은 구사부에, 진흥(振興)이며 낮은 품종(品種)은 팔달(八達)이었다. 2. 근(根)의 ${\alpha}-naphthylamine$의 산화력(酸化力)과 인산(燐酸)의 흡수력(吸收力)과는 유의적(有意的)인 상관관계(相關關係)가 있으며 산화력(酸化力)이 높으면 인산(燐酸)의 흡수(吸收)가 증대(增大)되었바. 3, 탄소동화력( 炭素同化力)은 품종(品種)에 따라 차이(差異)가 있으며 노인도(老人稻), 구대내조욱(九大耐潮組) 3호(號), 수원(水原)82호(號), 진흥(振興) 등은 강(强)하고 대구조(大脚租), 관옥(關玉), 육우(陸羽) 132호(號)가 약(弱)하였다. 4, 질소(窒素)의 증시(增施)는 소비(少肥)에 비(比)하여 동화량(同化量)은 증가(增加) 되나 등화산물(同化産物)의 이삭으로의 이전(移轉)은 적었다5. 정상(正常) 생육(生育)한 벼에 비(比)하여 인산(燐酸), 가리(加里) 및 마그네슘이 결핍(缺達)된 벼는 전탄소동화량이(全炭素同化量)이 정상(正常) 벼 100에 비(比)하여 40이하(以下)로 현저(顯著)히 낮으며 그 순서(順序)는 Mg>P>K이고, 동화물(同化物)의 이전(移轉)에 장해(障害)가 큰 것은 K>Mg>P의 순(順)이었다. 6. 고수량지(高收量地) 벼는 저수량지(低收量地) 벼에 비(比)하여 총건물(總乾物) 생산량(生産量)이 현저(顯著)하게 많고 특(特)히 유수형성기(幼穗形成期) 이후(以後)에 증가량(增加量)이 더욱 현저(顯著)하였다. 7. 고수량지(高收量地) 벼는 출수기(出穗期)에 옆면적(葉面積)이 최고(最高)에 달(達)하였다가 그 이후(以後) 완만(緩慢)하게 줄어지나 저수량지(低收量地) 벼는 출수이전(出穗以前)에 엽면적(葉面積)이 최고(最高)에 달(達)하였다가 출수이후(出穗以後)에 급격(急激)히 감소(減少)되며 그 원인(原因)은 하엽(下葉)의 조기고사(早期枯死)에 기인(起因)되었다. 8. 고수량지(高收量地) 벼는 저수량지(低收量地) 벼에 비(比)하여 생육초기(生育初期)에는 투과광율(透過光率)이 높고 생육후기(生育後期)에 낮았으나 투과광율대(透過光率對) 엽면적비(葉面積比)는 고수량지(高收量地) 벼에서 높았다. 9. 순동화량(純同化量)은 저수량지(低收量地) 벼에 비(比)하여 고수량지(高收量地)벼에서 많았으며 이는 또한 엽면적(葉面積)이 증가(增加)됨에 따라 감소(減少)되었다. .10. 고수량지(高收量地) 벼는 저수량지(低收量地) 벼에 비(比)하여 유수형성기(幼穗形成期) 이후(以後) 체내질소(體內窒素), 가리(加里) 및 규산(珪酸)의 함유율(含有率)이 높으면서 $K_2O/N$, $SiO_2/N$ 비(比)가 높았다.11. 저수량지(低收量地) 벼는 고수량지(高收量地) 벼에 비(比)하여 출수기(出穗期)에 보유(保有)된 질소(窒素), 인산(燐酸), 가리(加里) 및 마그네슘등이 출수이후(出穗以後) 이삭으로의 이행율(移行率)이 높았다. 이는 저수량지(低收量地) 벼가 생육후기(生育後期)에 양분(養分)의 흡술량(吸收量)이 부족(不足)하여 체내(體內) 저장양분(貯藏養分)이 재이동(再移動)되기 때문이며 따라서 하엽(下葉)은 양분부족(養分不足)으로 조길고사(早期桔死)가 많아지는 것으로추정(推定)되었다. 12. 고수량지(高收量地) 벼는 질소흡수(窒素吸收)가 전생육기간(全生育期間)을 통(通)하여 완만(緩慢)하며 출수이후(出穗以後)에도 흡수량(吸收量)이 많으나 저수량지(低收量總) 벼는 출수이전(出穗以前)에 많고 출수이후(出濾以後)는 거의 흡수(吸收)되지 않았다. 13. 출수기(出穗期)의 체내(體內) 질소(窒素), 가리(加里) 함유율(含有率)과 수량(收豊)과는 현저(顯著)한 정(正)의 상관(相關)이 성립(成立)되였으며 수확기(收獲期)의 가리(加里), 규산함유율(珪酸含有率) 그리고 $K_2O/N$, $SiO_2/N$과 수량(收量)과도 현저(顯著)한 정(正)의 상관관계(相關關係)가 성립(成立)되었다. 14. 출수기(出穗期)에 보유(保有)된 전분(澱粉)이 이삭으로의 이전(移轉)은 고수량지(高收量地) 벼가 약(約) 10%인데 반(反)하여 저수량지(低收量地) 벼는 약(約) 40%로 많았다. 따라서 저수량지(高收量地) 벼는 출수(出穗) 이후(以後) 동화의존도(同化依存度)가 높았다. 15. 고수량지(高收量地) 벼는 저수량지(低收量地) 벼에 비(比)하여 질소(窒素), 인산(燐酸), 가리(加里), 규산(珪酸) 및 망간의 흡수량(吸收量)이 현저(顯著)하게 많았고 생육시기별(生育時期別) 흡수량(吸收量)의 차이(差異)는 유수형성기(幼穗形成期) 전후(前後)에 현저(顯著)하였다. 16. 수확기(收穫期)의 질소(窒素), 인산(燐酸), 가리(加里), 석탄(石炭), 마그네슘, 규산(珪酸) 및 망간의 총흡수량(總吸收量)과 수량(收量)과는 고도(高度)의 정(正)의 상관관계(相關關係)가 인정(認定)되었다. 17. 수확기(收穫期)에 질소(窒素), 인산(燐酸), 가리(加里), 석탄(石炭), 마그네슘 및 규산(珪酸)의 흡수량(吸收量)과 수당입수간(穗當粒熱間)에, 질소(窒素) 및 가리(加里)의 흡수량(吸收量)과 수수(穗數)와는 유의적(有意的)인 정(正)의 상관관계(相關關係)가 성립(成立)되었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.20-26
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• 2016

본 연구는 다수확 품종 쌀의 가공 이용성 증진을 위해 식미가 좋은 일반계통과 식미는 다소 떨어지지만 다수확 품종인 통일계통을 시료로 하여 일반성분, 영양성분 비교 분석 및 품질특성을 비교한 결과는 다음과 같다. 쌀 품종별 수분함량은 6.23-6.91%로 유의적 차이를 보이지 않았고, 조단백질 함량은 안다벼가 8.13%로 높았으며, 조회분 함량은 일미벼, 한아름 및 안다벼가 0.52-0.55%로 높았다. 조지방 함량은 일미벼가 1.24%로 가장 높았다. amylose 함량은 안다벼가 24.67%로 가장 높았고, 일미벼는 16.61%로 가장 낮았다. 유리당 함량은 호품벼가 656.51 mg%로 가장 높았고, 아미노산은 안다벼가 7,295,64 mg%로 시료구 중 가장 높았다. 품종별 vitamin $B_1$ 함량은 한아름벼 품종이 0.51 mg%로 가장 높았고, vitamin $B_2$ 는 호품벼와 일미벼 품종에서만 소량 검출되었다. 품종에 따른 쌀가루의 수분흡수지수는 일미벼와 인디카벼가 1.73으로 가장 높았고, 호품벼는 1.22로 가장 낮았다. 수분용해지수는 일미벼가 6.03%으로 가장 높았고, 호품벼는 3.26%로 가장 낮았다. 쌀가루의 팽윤력은 일미벼, 호평벼, 호품벼, 한아름벼 및 안다벼는 $80^{\circ}C$와 $85^{\circ}C$ 사이에서 급격하게 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 인디카벼는 $70^{\circ}C$와 $75^{\circ}C$ 사이에서 급격하게 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 용해도는 $75^{\circ}C$와 $80^{\circ}C$ 사이에서 급격하게 증가하는 경향을 보였고, 전반적으로 일미벼의 용해도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. Amylograph에 의한 호화 특성조사 결과 인디카벼가 387.00 BU로 가장 높았고, 한아름벼는 201.67 BU로 가장 낮은 것으로 나타나 인디카벼가 가장 노화 경향이 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 한아름벼는 쌀가루 페이스트의 노화가 가장 지연되는 품종으로 나타났다. 따라서 다수확 품종인 안다벼와 한아름벼는 아밀로오스 함량이 높아 제빵 적성에 부합할 것으로 판단된다. 또한 아미노산과 vitamin $B_1$ 함량이 높았고, 노화특성에서 한아름벼가 페이스트의 노화가 지연 되는 품종으로 확인되어 가공용으로의 충분한 활용 가치가 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.735-743
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• 2011

This study examined physicochemical properties of rice grains and qualities of cooked white rice of the high yielding, Japonica type, specifically Druryechanbyeo and Boramchanbyeo, and of the Tongil-type, specifically Hanarumbyeo and Andabyeo. The changes of water absorption rate of rice grains, their textural properties and a sensory evaluation of the cooked rice s were analyzed. All varieties were short grain. The length and width of Tongil type rice grains larger than those of Japonica type. The water absorption of white rice grains increased rapidly until 1 hr when soaking and after that increased slightly. The water absorption of Druryechan grain was higher than that of the Boramchan. The sensory evaluation results showed that the Japonica type cooked rices had a higher value for overall quality than the Tongil type cooked rices. With regard to the textural properties of the cooked rices, the hardness of Boramchan and Hanarum varieties showed higher than that of Druyechan and Anda varieties. Adhesiveness, springiness and chewiness were not significantly different between varieties (p<0.05).

• 농업과학연구
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.283-297
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• 2021

Investigation of genetic diversity and molecular characterization in high yielding rice varieties is important for their identification. The experiment was conducted during 2016 - 2017 to analyse the genetic diversity of fifteen high yielding rice varieties in Bangladesh by using random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Polymorphism was revealed in 12 RAPD primers out of 30, whereas no other reaction was detected on the remaining 18 primers. The 40 out of 45 bands (88.89%) polymorphics were produced by the primers and ranged from 50 to 100%. The maximum number of polymorphic bands was produced by the primer OPB-18 whereas the lowest number of polymorphic bands belonged to OPC-12. The genetic similarity coefficients were determined with the RAPD data, which ranged from 0.47 to 0.94. The unweighted paired group of arithmetic means (UPGMA) dendrogram presented the studied rice varieties into two major clusters. Moreover, the value of Nei's genetic diversity is 0.26 and the Shanon information index is 0.41. The study produced distinct positions, suggesting that the genotypes were different from each other. The results indicated that these markers could be efficient for comparing the genetic relationships, patterns of variation, and measurement of genetic distance among rice varieties. Considering all of these results, RAPD analysis is found to be an effective tool for estimating the genetic diversity of different rice varieties. The outcomes of this research may contribute to the germplasm data of rice accessions and a future breeding program of rice genotypes.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.5-16
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• 1970