• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.1860-1868
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• 2001

An experimental investigation was carried out to clarify unsteady flow fields with rotating stall cell, especially behavior of stall cell, in a high specific-speed diagonal flow fan. As its specific-speed is vary high for a diagonal flow fan, its pressure-flow rate curve tends to indicate unstable characteristics caused by rotating stall similar to axial flow fan. Although for an axial flow fan many researchers have investigated such the flow field, for a diagonal flow fan tittle study has been done. In this study, velocity fields at rotor Inlet in a high specific-speed diagonal flow fan were measured by use of a single slant hot-wire probe. These data were processed by using the "Double Phase-Locked Averaging"(DPLA) technique, i. e. phases of both the rotor blade and the stall cell were taken into account. The behaviors of stall cell at rotor inlet were visualized for the meridional, tangential and radial velocity.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.90-96
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• 2019

Recently, friction stir welding of dissimilar materials are one of the biggest issues in terms of light-weight and eco-friendly technology of the automotive, aircraft and ship industry. In this study, friction stir welding of dissimilar materials is introduced with different tool rotational speed. Materials used in experimentation consist of A357 gravity cast aluminum alloy and FB590 high-strength steel plates. Dissimilar materials of plate type are fabricated with width of 150mm, length of 300mm and thickness of 3mm and welding is carried out by the lap joint method. The correlation between probe length and mechanical properties were investigated according to rotational speed and welding speed at tool tilt angle 0 degree. Consequently, feasibility of FSWed dissimilar materials were successfully presented in case of cast aluminum and high-strength steel at lap joint method.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2009

In the flight of air vehicles, accurate air data information is required to control them effectively. Especially, helicopters are often put in drastic motion involved with high angle of attacks in order to perform difficult missions. Among various sensors, the multi function probe (MFP) has been used in the present study mainly owing to its advantages in structural simplicity and capability of providing various information such as static and total pressure, speed, and pitch and yaw angles. In this study, a five-hole multi-function probe (FHMFP) is developed and its calibration is conducted using multiple regressions. In this work a calibration study on the FHMFP, an air data sensor for helicopters, is reported. It is shown that the pitch and yaw angles' accuracy of calibration is ${\pm}0.91^{\circ}$ at a cone angle of $0^{\circ}{\sim}30^{\circ}$ and ${\pm}2.0^{\circ}$ at $30^{\circ}{\sim}43^{\circ}$, respectively, which is summarized in table 3.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.273-278
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• 2012

선박 구조재료 FRP 재료의 대체 재료로 빠른 선속과 선적량 증가는 물론 재활용이 용이한 Al 선박으로 전환되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 인장실험을 통해 레저선박에 사용되는 5456-H116 합금에 대한 최적의 마찰교반용접 조건에서 프루브 직경의 효과를 기술하였다. 마찰교반용접에서 이송속도, 회전속도를 변수로 5 mm의 프루브 직경을 사용하여, 이송속도가 61 mm/min의 조건에서 가장 우수한 결과를 나타냈다. 프루브 직경 6 mm, 회전속도 170-210 rpm, 이송속도 15 mm/min 에서는 낮은 회전속도로 인하여 불충분한 용접열이 발생하여 거친 표면과 기공이 형성 되었다. 회전속도 500-800 rpm인 경우, 용접부에 칩이 관찰되었으며, 기공은 생기지 않았고, 용접표면은 우수하였으나 1100-2500 rpm에서는 지나친 용접열의 발생으로 많은 칩이 발생하였다. 열에 의한 영향은 용접 배면에서 관찰되었다. 이송속도가 15 mm/min에서 회전속도의 증가하게 되면 마찰이 증가함에 따라 용접열이 발생한다. 기계적 특성은 용접 입열량이 증가할수록 재질의 연화가 가속화되어 저하하였다.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2011년도 제37회 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.359-363
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• 2011

초음속풍동에서 사용하는 압력 probe의 형상에 따른 압력특성에 대하여 분석하였다. 초음속풍동의 성능을 평가할 때 시험부의 벽면정압력과 전방안정실의 전압력을 측정하고 그 비로 마하수를 계산한다. 또한 쉴리렌 가시화를 통하여 유질의 상태를 확인한다. 그러나 매우 빠른 초음속 영역에서는 경계층의 영향을 무시할 수 없기 때문에 시험부의 압력을 측정하는데 한계가 있다. 따라서 시험부의 유질이 균일한지 확인을 위해 다양한 위치에서 압력을 측정하기 위한 probe가 필요하다. 본 논문에서 몇 가지 피토형상에 대해서 실험을 진행했고, 그 결과를 비교 분석했다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.152-152
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• 2009

We investigate micro-tip properties as Ni-Co plating and CMP processes for MEMS probe card and units. The micro-tip are fabricated by using Ni-Co plating machine, lapping machine, and chemo-mechanical polisher. In order to get high conductive and reliable micro-tip, we control Co contents and thickness by CMP speed. We have found that about 20-25% of Co contents are required and have to lapping speed of 30 rpm. Also, we investigate photolithography and Ni-Co plating processes conditions for the one-step and the three-step micro-tips.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.159-165
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• 2018

논문은 밀리미터파 통신 및 레이더 응용을 위한 저손실 광대역 도파관 변환기를 제안한다. 기존 E-plane 프로브 변환기는 밀리미터파 대역에서 도파관 크기를 고려하여 매우 얇고 유연한 기판을 사용한다. 하지만, 이러한 기판은 휘어지기 쉬우며 이는 성능을 크게 저하시킨다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 변환기 프로브가 도파관 벽면 틈에 삽입되어 고정되는 연장된 E-plane 프로브 구조를 제안하고, 두께가 $127{\mu}m$이고 유전율 2.2인 기판을 사용하여 제작하였다. W-대역 (75-110 GHz)에서 측정된 백투백(back-to-back) 변환기의 삽입 손실은 3cm 길이 도파관을 포함하여 1.35 dB (${\pm}0.35dB$)이며, 반사 손실은 13.8 dB 이상으로 아주 우수한 특성을 보였다. 따라서, 제안된 변환기는 밀리미터파 초고속 흉신 또는 고감도 레이다에 효과적으로 활용될 수 있다.

• 대기
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.185-196
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• 2011

The performance assessment in radiosonde observation on the special observation program (ProbeX-2009) is performed and the characteristics of precipitation using Auto Weather System (AWS) and radiosonde data in 2009 at the Ulleungdo are investigated. The launching time, observation time, and maximum altitude of radiosonde are satisfied with the regulation from Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) and World Meteorological Organization (WMO) but the duration of observational time of radiosonde is much shorter than that of the ProbeX-2007 because the altitude of launching site is higher than others in 2007. From the analysis of trajectories of radiosonde, most radiosondes at the Ulleungdo tend to move into the east because the westerly prevail at the middle latitude. However, when the Okhotsk high is expanded to the Korean peninsula and the north-westerly winds strengthen over the East Sea as the subtropical high is retreated, radiosonde tends to move into the south-west and south-east, respectively. Maximum distance appears at the end of observation level before May but the level of maximum distance is changed into 100 hPa after June because the prevailing wind direction is reversed from westerly to easterly at the stratosphere during summer time. The condition of precipitation was more correlated with the dynamic instability except Changma season. Precipitation in 2009 at the Ulleungdo occurred under the marine climate so that total precipitation amounts and precipitation intensity were increased and intensified during nighttime. The local environment favorable for the precipitation during nighttime was while the wind speed at the surface and the inflow from the shoreline were strengthened. Precipitation events also affected by synoptic condition but the localized effect induced by topography was more strengthened at the northern part of Ulleungdo.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.38-46
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• 2023

Optical Fourier-domain reflectometry (OFDR) sensors have been widely used to measure distances with high resolution and speed in a noncontact state. In the electroplating process of a printed circuit board, it is critically important to monitor the copper-plating thickness, as small deviations can lead to defects, such as an open or short circuit. In this paper we employ a phase-based OFDR sensor for in situ relative distance sensing of a sample with nanometer-scale resolution, during electroplating. We also develop an optical-path difference (OPD)-regulated sensing probe that can maintain a preset distance from the sample. This function can markedly facilitate practical measurements in two aspects: Optimal distance setting for high signal-to-noise ratio OFDR sensing, and protection of a fragile probe tip via vertical evasion movement. In a sample with a centimeter-scale structure, a conventional OFDR sensor will probably either bump into the sample or practically out of the detection range of the sensing probe. To address this limitation, a novel OPD-regulated OFDR system is designed by combining the OFDR sensing probe and linear piezo motors with feedback-loop control. By using multiple OFDR sensors, it is possible to effectively monitor copper-plating thickness in situ and uniformize it at various positions.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.82-87
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• 2010

A measurement system of contact force between overhead contact line and pantograph of train is developed which measures the contact force by using four sets of full-bridge strain gauges instead of load cells and accelerometers. The sensors are installed on the pan head of pantograph and the measured data from the sensors are transmitted to a server system in the train by way of wireless Lan. This configuration of the measuring system makes it easy to install on the trains without any alteration of train system. The measurement system is applied to KTX on the Kyungbu high speed line, and the measured contact force data shows good agreement with those measured by load cell and accelerometers. The waveform of the contact force between overhead contact line and pantograph contains essential information about their conditions. The proposed measurement system can probe any defects on overhead contact lines with train running at high speed, which will be a powerful solution for the maintenance of long-distance overhead contact lines.