• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.705-713
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• 2020

동맥경화는 혈관이 좁아지면서 탄력을 잃어 혈액 순환 장애가 발생하는 질병으로, 최근 증가하는 심혈관 및 뇌혈관 질환의 잠재적 원인이 된다. 경동맥초음파 검사는 동맥경화 정도를 평가하여 심혈관 및 뇌혈관 질환의 예측인자로 사용되고 있다. 이에 본 논문은 경동맥초음파 검사에서 내중막 두께 증가와 여러 임상변수들 간 상관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 경동맥초음파검사 소견을 가지고 있는 환자를 대상으로 경미한 내중막 두께 비후, 경화반, 유의한 협착 3단계로 분류하였다. 경동맥의 동맥경화 정도와 신체적 특성(성별, 연령, 신체질량지수법, 혈압), 혈액검사(총콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 고밀도지단백질, 저밀도지방단백질, 크레아틴포스포키나제, 공복혈당)와 동맥경화도 검사에서 계측된 CAVI(Carotid Ankle Vascular Index : 혈관연령) 데이터를 수집하였다. 경동맥 내중막 두께는 고혈압, 고지혈증, BMI 등의 변수와 상관관계가 있었으며, 또한 CAVI가 증가될수록 심혈관계 질환의 위험요인과 상관관계가 있음을 확인하였다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.384-390
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• 2012

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered to be a serious metabolic disease which may cause systemic complications. The present study was designed to clarify a difference on stress, physiological variables and their correlation between diabetic (DM group) and nondiabetic adults (control group). The levels of body weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, body mass index, body fat mass, total cholesterol (TcH), triglyceride (TG), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), total bilirubin (TB), autonomic balance (AB), stress index (SI), fatigue index (FI), and heart rate (HR) were all significantly higher in the DM group than in the control group. However, the levels of autonomic activity (AA), stress resistance (SR), and electrocardiac stability (ES) were significantly lower in the DM group than in the control group. The percentages of persons with abnormal levels in the Tch, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, TG, AST, ALT and GGT were significantly greater in the DM group than in the control group. In the correlation of glucose and hemoglobin A1c (HBA1c) to stress indices, the DM group had a significant relationship with AB, SR, SI, FI, ES, and HR, whereas the control group had no significant relationship with these, excepting AB. These results suggest that DM was harmfully associated with body, biochemical and stress indices and that blood glucose and HBA1c levels must be exhaustively regulated.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.630-637
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• 2010

The object of this study was to evaluate the effect of Lonicerae Flos, aqueous extracts of the dried flower bud part of Lonicera japonica on the 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU)-induced rat hypothyroidism. Aqueous extracts of Lonicerae Flos (LF yield = 23.80%) were administered, once day for 42 days from 2 weeks before start of PTU treatment as an oral dose of 500 and 250 mg/kg (body weight), and hypothyroidism was induced by daily subcutaneous treatment of PTU 10 mg/kg for 28 days. The changes on the body weight, thyroid gland weights, serum thyroid hormone - thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), tri-iodothyronine ($T_3$) and thyroxine ($T_4$), serum lipid profiles - total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglyceride were observed with liver antioxidant defense system - lipid peroxidation, $H_2O_2$, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and serum asparte aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) analysis. Results were compared with Levothyroxine ($LT_4$) 0.5 mg/kg treated rats. As results of PTU treatment, marked decreases of body weights, serum thyroid hormone levels and triglyceride contents, liver $H_2O_2_3$ and SOD activities were observed with increases of serum AST and HDL contents, liver CAT activities, thyroid gland weight. However, these PTU induced hypothyroidism were dose-dependently inhibited by treatment of LF extracts, and LF extracts effectively regulated the hypothyroidism related changes on the antioxidant defense system. The results obtained in this study suggest that LF extracts have favorable effects on the thyroid hormone productions with beneficial effects on the hypothyroidism mediated by the modulatory effects on the antioxidant defense system.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2009

Purpose: $17\beta$-estradiol is the most active endogenous estrogen, which is related to favorable changes in the plasma lipid profile, to relaxation of the coronary vessels, and to a decrease in platelet aggregation and vascular smooth muscle cell migration. However, although the beneficial effect of estrogens on plasma lipoproteins (ie, lowering low-density lipoprotein and increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) contributes to cardiovascular protection, it does not fully account for the protective effect, particularly in the application of physical therapy, including low frequency electrical stimulation. Methods: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the inhibition of stressors, such as endothelin-1 (ET-1), serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), prostaglandin $F2\alpha$ ($PGF2\alpha$), and a protein kinase C (PKC) activator 12-deoxyphorbol 13-isobutyrate (DPB), induced isometric tension by $17\beta$-estradiol in vascular smooth muscle strips, respectively. In addition, the effects of low frequency electrical stimulation at the meridian points (CV-3, -4, Ki-12, SP-6, LR-3, BL-25, -28, -32, -52) on the indirect antihypertensive effect were examined by monitoring the changes in the serum $17\beta$-estradiol concentration in healthy volunteers. Results: Isometric tension analysis showed that the responses of inhibited tension by $17\beta$-estradiol were similar to the same stressors in rat aortic smooth muscle strips. Furthermore, although the continued amplitude modulation (AM) type of electrical stimulation was not increased significantly by electrical stimulation, the current of the frequency modulation (FM) type of low frequency electrical stimulation increased the serum $17\beta$-estradiol concentration in normal volunteers. Conclusion: These results, in part, suggest that $17\beta$-estradiol has the capacity to supress stressor-induced muscle tension, and electrical stimulation, particularly current of the FM type, has a modulatory effect on the sex steroid hormones, particularly $17\beta$-estradiol, in healthy volunteers.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.48-60
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• 2020

Objective The purpose of this study is to study the effects of Taeeumjowi-tang extract granule on metabolic syndrome with obesity in Taeeumin. Methods We studied 206 subjects who diagnosed metabolic syndrome with obesity and classified Taeeumin by a Sasang constitution analysis tool. The subjects were administered by Taeeumjowi-tang for 12 weeks. We investigated the changes of body mass index, abdominal circumference, the number of risk factors for metabolic syndrome, lipid, fasting blood sugar, Hemoglobin A1c, free fatty acid, insulin, and blood pressure. Results Body mass index and abdominal circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly reduced after 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks of administration compared to before administration. Triglyceride significantly decreased after 8 weeks and 12 weeks of dosing compared to before taking. Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood sugar were significantly increased after 8 weeks of administration compared to before administration. High density lipoprotein cholessterol was decreased significantly after 4 weeks of administration compared to before administration. The number of risk factors for metabolic syndrome, Hemoglobin A1c increased significantly after 12 weeks of administration compared to screening. Conclusions In this study we knew that Taeeumjowi-tang extract granule is very efficient in metabolic syndrome, especially in obesity and hypertension, triglyceride, insulin resistance.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.212-218
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• 2010

Korean red ginseng (KRG) has been shown to enhance endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in experimental animals; however, little is known about its pharmacological effects on vascular stiffness in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial was carried out to determine whether KRG has beneficial effects on arterial stiffness, cardiovascular risk factors such as plasma lipid profiles and blood pressure (BP), and Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) activity. Twenty patients (mean age, 62.5 years) with stable angina pectoris were given KRG (2.7 g/day) and a placebo alternatively for 10 weeks. Blood biochemical analysis and pulse wave velocity (PWV) recording were performed on day 0 and after the completion of each treatment. ROCK activity was assessed based on the level of phospho-$Thr^{853}$ in the myosin-binding subunit of myosin light chain phosphatase, determined by Western blot analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. KRG significantly decreased the systolic BP, brachial ankle PWV, and heart femoral PWV in the patients (all p<0.05), but did not significantly alter the serum lipid profiles, including triglycerides and total, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. The ROCK activity tended to decrease (p=0.068) following KRG treatment. The placebo did not significantly alter any of the variables. In conclusion, KRG decreased systolic BP and arterial stiffness, probably via the inhibition of ROCK activity, in patients with CAD, but had a neutral effect on serum lipid profiles. Our data suggest that KRG has a therapeutic effect on CAD.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.69-79
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of cardiac rehabilitation education for CABG patients on anxiety & depression, self-esteem, general health status, health related quality of life, body mass index, serum lipid concentration (high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, total cholesterol), heart rate and blood pressure. The subjects of the study consisted of 36 patients who underwent CABG at A hospital in Seoul, from January 1, 2006 to June 30, 2007. The experimental group (20 patients) received the individual education during the hospitalization. The control group (16 patients) received routine discharge education by ward nurses. Psychological variables, general health status and health related quality of life (QOL) after cardiac rehabilitation education were determined by self-reported questionnaire at 1st week, 3rd week and 6th week after the discharge. Physiological variables were measured in out patient visiting at 4th week after discharge. Score of anxiety & depression and health related QOL in the experimental group showed a significant decrease at 1st week, 3rd week and 6th week after the discharge compared with the control group. Score of self-esteem, general health status and physiological variables in the experimental group showed no significant difference from the control group.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.153-164
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• 2016

Objectives: Previous studies have obtained conflicting findings regarding possible associations between indices measuring carbohydrate intake and dyslipidemia, which is an established risk factor of coronary heart disease. In the present study, we examined crosssectional associations between carbohydrate indices, including the dietary glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), total amount of carbohydrates, and the percentage of energy from carbohydrates, and a range of blood lipid parameters. Methods: This study included 1530 participants (554 men and 976 women) from 246 families within the Healthy Twin Study. We analyzed the associations using a generalized linear mixed model to control for familial relationships. Results: Levels of the Apo B were inversely associated with dietary GI, GL, and the amount of carbohydrate intake for men, but these relationships were not significant when fat-adjusted values of the carbohydrate indices were used. Triglyceride levels were positively associated with dietary GI and GL in women, and this pattern was more notable in overweight participants (body mass index [BMI] ${\geq}25kg/m^2$). However, total, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were not significantly related with carbohydrate intake overall. Conclusions: Of the blood lipid parameters we investigated, only triglyceride levels were positively related with dietary carbohydrate indices among women participants in the Healthy Twin Study, with an interactive role observed for BMI. However, these associations were not observed in men, suggesting that the association between blood lipid levels and carbohydrate intake depends on the type of lipid, specific carbohydrate indices, gender, and BMI.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권3_spc호
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• pp.363-370
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• 2021

Objective: The effect of garlic powder (GP) and phenyl acetic (PA) acid throughout the fattening period of broiler chickens on performance, blood parameters, immune, and antioxidant parameters as well as carcass traits was evaluated. Methods: A total of 210 day-old Cobb broiler chicks were randomly distributed into seven dietary treatments having five replications with six chicks per replicate. The first group (control) fed a basal diet without supplements, whereas the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th group were fed basal diet plus 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 g GP/kg diet, respectively and the group 5th, 6th, and 7th were fed on the basal diet plus 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 g PA/kg diet. Results: Broiler body weight and gain at 21 and 42 days were increased (p<0.05) with diets supplemented with GP and PA. Red blood cells and hemoglobin were improved in chickens fed diets enriched with GP. Broiler chickens received diets containing either GP or PA recorded the higher values (p<0.05) of total protein, globulin, high-density lipoprotein, immunoglobulin M (IgM), and IgG, superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity; while, blood total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, aspartate-aminotransferase, and malondialdehyde were lowered (p<0.05) compared to control-diet. Liver and immune-related organs weight were improved (p<0.05) in broilers fed diet supplemented with GP and PA. Conclusion: Feeding of GP or PA in diet had positive effects on performance traits and immunological, antioxidant and physiological status of broilers. Thus, the use of tested feed additives as an eco-friendly alternative to antibiotics produced a positive effect on animal health.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.481-487
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• 2013

High-fat diet up-regulates either insulin resistance or triglycerides, which is assumed to be related to the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-${\alpha}$ and PPAR-${\gamma}$. The beneficial effects of vitamin E on insulin resistance are well known; however, it is not clear if vitamin E with a high-fat diet alters the expression of PPAR-${\alpha}$ and PPAR-${\gamma}$. We investigated the effects of d-${\alpha}$-tocopherol supplementation on insulin sensitivity, blood lipid profiles, lipid peroxidation, and the expression of PPAR-${\alpha}$ and PPAR-${\gamma}$ in a high-fat (HF) diet-fed male C57BL/6J model of insulin resistance. The animals were given a regular diet (CON; 10% fat), a HF diet containing 45% fat, or a HF diet plus d-${\alpha}$-tocopherol (HF-E) for a period of 20 weeks. The results showed that the HF diet induced insulin resistance and altered the lipid profile, specifically the triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels (P < 0.05). In this animal model, supplementation with d-${\alpha}$-tocopherol improved insulin resistance as well as the serum levels of TG and very-low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-C) (P < 0.05). Moreover, the treatment decreased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum and liver while increasing hepatic PPAR-${\alpha}$ expression and decreasing PPAR-${\gamma}$ expression. In conclusion, the oral administration of d-${\alpha}$-tocopherol with a high-fat diet had positive effects on insulin resistance, lipid profiles, and oxidative stress through the expression of PPAR-${\alpha}$ and PPAR-${\gamma}$ in a high-fat diet-fed male mice.