• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.267-274
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• 2017

This is a non-experimental and retrospective study aimed at determining the effects of long-term hospitalization on the body mass index (BMI) and lipid metabolism in long-term hospitalized patients. The study subjects included 120 patients aged 40-65 years who were hospitalized for >3 months in 2 long-term care hospitals in Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. In this study, the BMI and levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low density lipoprotein (LDL) at admission and 3 months after hospitalization were compared and analyzed, and the related changes over time were followed up. The general characteristics of the subjects were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and frequency analysis. In addition, logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the effects of the general characteristics on the BMI and Dyslipidemia. The changes in the BMI and blood lipid levels between admission and 3 months after hospitalization were analyzed using the paired t-test. The results showed that with regard to the changes in the blood lipid levels, the triglyceride levels significantly increased 3 months after hospitalization (p<.05). These findings imply that long-term hospitalization for care and rehabilitation after acute-phase treatment should be considered a potential high-risk factor for dyslipidemia, which could be prevented or alleviated by providing the patients with health education, including exercise and dietary education.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.131-144
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• 2015

Objective : This study was conducted to investigate anti-obesity effects of mixed-Powder(Raphani Semen, Coicis Semen, Poria, Plantaginis Testa & Theae folium)(HP) & mixed water extract(Citri Pericarpium, Crataegi Fructus, Maydis Stigma, Allium Skin) (HE) in mice fed a high-fat diet. Method : 50 Female ICR mice were divided into six groups; Normal group (Ve), high-fat diet group (Po), Po+HP(0.6g/kg) group(HP), Po+HE(1g/kg) group(HE), Po+(HP+HE) group(HPE), Po+(HP+HE)*2 group(DHPE). For 8 weeks, these groups were fed their respective diets. Body weight, liver weight and weights of adipose tissues, GOT/GPT index changes & Blood Glucose index changes were measured respectively. Lipid profiles in serum were analyzed by kit of blood. Results : Groups HP, HE, HPE, DHPE had significantly reduced body weight, liver weight, adipose tissue weights and GOT/GPT index, blood glucose index compared to the Po group. Also, serum triglyceride and total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, were significantly reduced when compared to the Po group. Group G1 had significantly increased high density lipoprotein levels. Conclusion : Mixed powder (HP) & mixed water extract (HE) show anti-obesity effects in mice fed a high-fat diet.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.863-870
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between the grade of fatty liver diagnosed by ultrasonography and hyperlipidemia and obesity indicators by age groups. A total of 1,470 patients of various sex and age groups were examined by abdominal ultrasonography at the H Center in Chungbuk. The patients were classified as normal and fatty liver by age groups (below twenty, the thirties, forty, fifties, and over sixties). The grade of fatty liver was classified in detail as Grade 1 (mild fatty liver), Grade 2 (moderate fatty liver), Grade 3 (severe fatty liver). We selected indicators of hyperlipidemia as total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The obesity indicators were height, weight, body mass index, and waist circumference. The demographical descriptive statistic analysis and frequency analysis by age groups were performed. The difference of average and correlation between hyperlipidemia and obesity indicators were analyzed. As a result, patients over 60 have fatty liver regardless of sex. there was a difference between triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, weight, body mass index, and waistline for all age groups. The degree of fatty liver was highly correlated with waist size and body mass index for all age groups.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.116-125
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• 2021

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most common cause of death in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and dyslipidemia is considered at least partially responsible for the increased CVD risk in NAFLD patients. The aim of the present study is to understand how hepatic de novo lipogenesis influences hepatic cholesterol content as well as its effects on the plasma lipid levels. Hepatic lipogenesis was induced in mice by feeding a fat-free/high-sucrose (FF/HS) diet and the metabolic pathways associated with cholesterol were then analyzed. Both liver triglyceride and cholesterol contents were significantly increased in mice fed an FF/HS diet. Activation of fatty acid synthesis driven by the activation of sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)-1c resulted in the increased liver triglycerides. The augmented cholesterol content in the liver could not be explained by an increased cholesterol synthesis, which was decreased by the FF/HS diet. HMG-CoA reductase protein level was decreased in mice fed an FF/HS diet. We found that the liver retained more cholesterol through a reduced excretion of bile acids, a reduced fecal cholesterol excretion, and an increased cholesterol uptake from plasma lipoproteins. Very low-density lipoproteintriglyceride and -cholesterol secretion were increased in mice fed an FF/HS diet, which led to hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia in Ldlr-/- mice, a model that exhibits a more human like lipoprotein profile. These findings suggest that dietary cholesterol intake and cholesterol synthesis rates cannot only explain the hypercholesterolemia associated with NAFLD, and that the control of fatty acid synthesis should be considered for the management of dyslipidemia.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.261-274
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• 2015

Although fasting programs have recently attracted close attention because of benefits of detoxification, few studies have examined these programs. This study investigates the effects of a modified juice-based fasting program on lipid metabolism. A total of 33 volunteers fasted for 10 days and participated in program lectures, exercise programs, water bath regimens, and enemas. Pre- and post-program blood samples were obtained to evaluate lipoprotein levels. A paired t-test was conducted using SPSS 18.0. Changes in the lipid profile were observed during the juice-based fasting program and attending 3 degrees. All lipid profiles decreased significantly, including total cholesterol (TC) (p<0.001), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p<0.05). Program participation was documented by assessing attendance levels as high, moderate, and low. TC decreased significantly in all programs and levels (p<0.05), TG decreased proportionally only in enemas according to the attending degree: high (48 %), moderate (20 %), and low (10 %). HDL-C decreased at all low levels, but moderate exercise ($53.8{\pm}12.5mg/dL$ to $55.6{\pm}10.2mg/dL$) and a high enema ($54.9{\pm}14.1mg/dL$ to $55.0{\pm}9.4mg/dL$) showed small increases. The antioxidant property of the juice-based fasting program in terms of the blood vessel, enemas, and exercise played an important role in preventing cardiovascular disease from increased levels of HDL-C. These results suggest that juice-based fasting and combined lifestyle programs may help improve lipid metabolism and protect against dyslipidemia.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.389-394
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• 1999

Male mice (ddY strain) were fed a laboratory chow diet containing 10% sucrose supplemented with orotic acid, hesperetin or naringenin at the 1% level for 14 days. the concentrations of liver triacylglycerol and cholesterol were significantly lower in the OA group than in the control group. When both flavonoids and orotic acid were administered simultaneously, the orotic acid-dependent decrease in liver triacylglycerol and cholesterol were attenuated slightly. The concentration of serum cholesterol in the orotic acid group or the control group was lower than in the orotic acid groups supplemented with hesperetin or naringenin. There were no significantly difference in body weight gain, diary food intake, and the serum concentrations of triacylglycerol and high-density-lipoprotein cholestrol. It was concluded that the inducement of fatty liver in mice failed to feeding a laboratory chow diet containing 10% sucrose supplemented with 1% orotic acid for 14 days.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.57-66
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• 1994

The benefits of milk on the rats supplemented with cholesterol and vitamin D2 in diet was investigated. A total of 150 male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain, 5 weeks of age, were divided into 6 groups with the diet. Cholesterol control group was fed the diet containing 1.0% choleterol and 50,000 IU/100 g of vitamin D2 for 24 months, and M0.5, M1, M2 and M5 of milk groups were fed the diet containing cholesterol, vitamin D2 and 0.5, 1, 2 and 5 of reference daily intakes of whole milk, respectively. No remarkable differences of growth, diet intake, and food effciency ratio among groups were observed though rats in cholesterol control group showed abrupt decrease of diet intake and body weight showed slightly higher relative organ weights than did the rats in control group. The rats in cholesterol control group showed the highest serum total cholesterol level. The rats in milk groups showed lower total cholesterol level and higher high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol fraction than did the rats in cholesterol control group though no tendency was observed among milk groups. In milk groups, aorta, heart, kidney and liver of rats showed milder calcification and necrosis or fat degeneration compared with those in cholesterol control group. The above results suggest that whole milk could have beneficial effect on the cholesterol-and -vitamin D2-induced atherosclerosis in rats.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.85-91
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• 2016

Objectives: This study investigated the effects of Scutellariae Radix extract (SRE) on lipids metabolism, oxidation and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in rats fed highly oxidized fat. Methods: To induce obesity, male Sprague‐Dawley rats were fed a highly oxidized fat diet for 10 weeks. SRE at 100 mg/kg were administered orally to obesity-induced rats for 6 weeks, and their lipid metabolism, oxidation and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines were examined. Results: The concentrations of free fatty acid, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol in plasma decreased in SRE-treated groups, although the difference was not significant between control and SRE-treated groups, while that of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol significantly increased in SRE group. The concentrations of total cholesterol and triglyceride in the liver were tended to decrease in SRE-treated group. The concentrations of thiobarbituric acid in plasma and liver were lower in SRE group than in control group. The levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase in plasma were decreased in SRE group. Activities of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase in liver were tended to increase in the SRE group. The plasma concentrations of interleukin $(IL)-1{\beta}$, tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-{\alpha}$ and IL-6 were lower in SRE group than in control group, while that of IL-10 was higher. The liver concentrations of $IL-1{\beta}$, $TNF-{\alpha}$, and IL-6 were tended to decrease while that of IL-10 tended to increase in SRE group. Conclusions: Finally SRE could be used in the production of nutraceuticals for lowering lipids and exerting anti-oxidation and anti-inflammatory effects in obesity rats fed highly oxidized rat.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.376-388
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• 2017

Purpose: The triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio is one of the main predictive indices for cardiovascular disease. This study was examined the relationship between TG/HDL-C ratio and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in male office workers. Methods: Secondary analysis was conducted to determine the risk between the TG/HDL-C ratio and MetS in male office workers. A total of 765 people underwent the 'regular workplace health checkups in 2014'. Among the subjects who were male and responded to the questionnaire and health lifestyle survey, 470 (61.4%) excluding those with missing and/or abnormal values were analyzed. The association between MetS, MetS components, and the TG/HDL-C ratio was examined by a Chi-square test, One-way ANOVA, Turkey post-hoc test and Logistic regression analysis. Results: The number of males with MetS was 70 (14.9%) and the number of MetS components increased with increasing TG/HDL-C ratio (p<.001). Logistic regression analysis with an adjustment for potential confounders revealed a 31.8 times higher odds ratio of the Quartile4 group for MetS than that of the Quartile1 group (p<.001). Conclusion: These results show that the likelihood of MetS, particularly the risk of MetS in the Quartile4, increases with increasing TG/HDL-C ratio.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.279-282
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• 2012

Clinical-chemical traits are commonly used biomarkers to examine the health status of individuals. There is an appreciable range of normal variation in most clinical-chemical traits and the determining factors of this variation have been relatively uninvestigated in chickens. The aim of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters (i.e., heritability, genetic correlation) for 8 clinical-chemical traits (glucose, total protein, creatinine, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase and amylase) in an $F_1$ intercross established by purebred breeding among the 5 lines of Korean native chickens. Phenotypic data were collected from approximately 600 $F_1$ animals. The genetic parameters for the clinical-chemical traits estimated by a mixed animal model using the restricted maximum likelihood method were presented. Estimated heritabilities ranged from 8.9% (glucose) to 39.6% (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol). Interestingly, both the sign and the size of the genetic and phenotypic correlations were largely different between the same several pair of clinical-chemical traits. The findings in this study will provide useful information to address issues in both quantitative trait locus study and genetic management in Korean native chickens.