• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.249-260
• /
• 2014

열차가 고속으로 터널을 진입할 때 압축파가 발생하게 된다. 이 압축파가 터널 출구부에 도달하면 일부는 외부로 방출되고 일부는 팽창파의 형태로 반사되어 터널내부로 전파된다. 이러한 파는 충격파의 형태로 외부로 방출되는데, 이를 미기압(micro pressure wave)이라고 한다. 미기압파는 터널 출구부에 소음 및 진동문제를 일으키며, 이 현상이 클수록 민가 및 주변 유리창에 손상과 거주자의 불안을 일으키는 원인이 된다. 따라서 고속철도 건설을 위해서는 미기압에 대한 대책과 이에 대한 예측이 필요한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 운영중인 터널에서의 미기압 측정사례와 터널내 압력기울기에 대한 수치해석을 통하여, 차량의 전두부 형상 및 터널 갱구부 형상에 따른 영향을 분석하였다. 그 결과로, 본 연구에서는 미기압파의 강도를 예측하는 방법을 제시하였으며, 이를 통해서 터널 연장과 단면적에 따른 미기압 강도를 해석하였다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제23권5호
• /
• pp.1035-1040
• /
• 2009

In this work, we investigate the effect of blood hematocrit level on the radial pulse wave to study the clinical application of the pulse analyzer. For this purpose, we measured the radial pulse wave at the left Gwan for 15 males with abnormal high hematocrit level and 47 males with normal hematocrit level at the age of thirties and forties. Various variables of the radial pulse wave between two groups were analyzed by Student's T test. We found significant differences in several characteristic variables in the amplitude, time-span and the integrated area of the amplitude and time of the pulse wave. The systolic peak in the amplitude of the radial pulse wave was higher in abnormal high hematocrit group. In contrast, the third peak from the second incisure was higher and longer in normal hematocrit group. Our study suggests that the radial pulse wave can be useful in distinguishing the patient group with high hematocrit level and thus with high blood viscosity. Our finding may motivate research activities towards diverse clinical applications of the pulse wave.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.3-10
• /
• 2000

고속열차가 터널에 진입할 때 압축파가 터널 내부로 전파된다. 이 압축파와 연관된 터널출구 미기압파는 고속철도 열차-터널 인터페이스에서 발생되는 독특한 물리현상이다. 미기압파를 저감시키는 방법중에 터널 입 출구부에 공기역학적인 구조물을 사용하여 압축파의 시간에 대한 구배를 지연시키는 방법이 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 터널주행 열차모형 시험기로 최적의 경사갱구를 개발하는 것이다. 경사갱구의 경사각도에 따른 시험을 통한 시험결과에서 터널 입구부에 $45^{\circ}$ 경사갱구를 적용했을 때 미기압파 최대 피크값이 19.2 %가 저감되었다. 터널 입 출입구 양쪽에 $45^{\circ}$ 경사갱구를 적용할 경우는 41.2% 저감되었다. 또한 터널 입 출입구 양쪽에 $30^{\circ}$ 경사갱구를 적용할 경우는 미기압파 최대 피크값이 34.6% 저감되었다.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국연소학회 2005년도 제31회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
• /
• pp.28-31
• /
• 2005

The numerical simulation is conducted for analysis flame structure of superdetonative ram accelerator experiment by ISL(French-German Research Institute in Saint Louis). Fully coupled chemically non-equilibrium Navier-Stokes equation is used. Shockwave structure of superdetonative ram accelerator and behavior of detonation wave is studied. Maintaining of detonation wave is very important to accelerate projectile, Because detonation wave make high pressure gases and this high pressure accelerate projectile.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집E
• /
• pp.373-379
• /
• 2001

When a train runs into a tunnel at high-speed, aerodynamic drag suddenly increases and the booming noise is generated at the exit of tunnel. The noise shape is very important to reduce the aerodynamic drag in tunnel as well as on open ground, and the micro-pressure wave that is a source of booming noise is dependent on nose shape, especially on area distribution. In this study, the nose shape has been optimized employing the response surface methodology and the axi-symmetric compressible Navier-Stokes equations. The optimal designs have been executed imposing various conditions of the aerodynamic drag and the micro-pressure wave on object functions. The results show that the multi-objective design was successful to decrease micro-pressure wave and aerodynamic drag of trains.

• 한국항해학회지
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 1995

The effect of the submerged high speed vessel on the ocean wave is made clear in the point of hydrodynamics view. In connection to the design of high speed ship, the flow analysis is carried out to predict the pressure distribution for drag and lift. The purpose of the research is to help the preliminary design of the economic hull form advancing under the ocean wave by estimating the resistance performance and the wave behaviour. In the present study, more efficient numerical approaches are investigated for the viscous flow analysis around a submerged NACA0012 hydrofoil with the laminar and incompressible fluid. Through the numerical simulation, it is found that the new numerical method becomes more efficient primarily due to the fact that the wave elevation is reasonably developed.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.209-215
• /
• 2004

This paper presents the frequency range and an analysis method to find the dominant source of electro-magnetic wave which originates from a spark ignition in engine room. Applying the distributed constant equivalent circuit theory the radiation of probable electro-magnetic wave around an ignition plug and a high voltage cable is studied analytically. Experimental studies are also conducted by measuring the frequency spectrum to obtain the radiating characteristics of electro-magnetic wave. Results from both analytical and experimental studies confirm that an ignition plug and a high voltage cable are dominant sources of electro-magnetic wave and that the radiating frequency is ranged from 1.3[GHz] to 2[GHz] band.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.34-39
• /
• 2019

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) and Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) are expected to be the major techniques that lead to the next generation wireless communication. NOMA provides a high spectrum efficiency by sharing of spatial resources among users in the same frequency band. Meanwhile, millimeter-wave gives a huge underutilized bandwidth at extremely high frequency band (EHF) which covers 30GHz to 300GHz. These techniques have been proven in several recent literatures to achieve high data rates. The combination of NOMA and millimeter-wave techniques further improves average sum capacities, as well as reduces the interference compared to conventional wireless communication systems. In this paper, we focus on hybrid NOMA system working in millimeter-wave frequency. We propose a clustering algorithm used for a hybrid NOMA scheme to optimize the usage of wireless resources. The proposed clustering algorithm adds several conditions in grouping users and defining clusters to increase the probability of the successful superposition decoding process. The performance of the proposed clustering algorithm is investigated in hybrid NOMA system and compared with the conventional orthogonal multiple access (OMA) scheme.

• 소음진동
• /
• 제7권6호
• /
• pp.959-966
• /
• 1997

In general, the booming noise intensity at tunnel exit is strongly related to the gradient of the compression wave front created by high speed train entering the tunnel. This paper presents some results in relation with the compression wave front produced when the high speed train enters a tunnel. Four kinds of tunnel entrance shape with real dimensions were studied to investigate the formation of compression wave front inside tunnel by train entering tunnel. Computations were carried out using three-dimensional compressible Euler equation with vanishing viscosity and conductivity of fluid. According to the results, the flow disturbances occured at tunnel entrance were eliminated by tunnel hood with same cross sectional area. The compression wave front is formed completely at 30-40m from tunnel entrance. The maximum pressure gradient of compression wave front is reduced by 29.8% for the inclined tunnel hood and reduced by 21.5% for the tunnel hood with holes at the top face with tunnel without hood. The length of the inclined hood is 15m and the length of the hood with holes is 20m.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제62권12호
• /
• pp.1820-1823
• /
• 2013

An overhead catenary system is the one of the main subjects for increasing speed in electric railway. When a vehicle increases the speed over 350km/h, vibrations and wave propagation reflections occur severely. Therefore, the system suitable for the speed are needed. A wave propagation speed of contact wire is the main criteria to determine the tension for the system. Therefore, a train speed is restricted below 70% of wave propagation speed of it in European railway code. In this study, we measured a strain and uplift of contact wire while HEMU-430X tain is operated for the speed-up trial test in Kyungbu high-speed railway. The measured strain and uplift are analyzed with wave propagation speed according to the speed-up. The more a train speed reaches to a propagation speed, the more measured strain is high. Through the study, an experimental approach is performed about the code which a train speed is restricted below 70% of wave propagation speed of it.