• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.61-69
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• 2024

This study investigates the barriers to the deployment of solar thermal and ground source heat pump (GSHP) from the perspective of consumers and businesses, as well as evaluates priorities for improving the barriers via expert AHP evaluation. From a consumer's perspective, the overall satisfaction with solar thermal is significantly lower than that with PV and needs to be improved at the installation and use stages. GSHP needs to be improved at the prior-information search stage. From a business perspective, the non-distinction between heat and electricity in mandatory installations in public buildings, the difficulty in assessing the value of heat, and high initial costs impede the deployment. Based on the result of AHP analysis, the priorities for improving the barriers to the wide utilization of solar thermal are evaluated in the order of economic feasibility, policy, acceptability, and technology, where high installation cost is shown to be the greatest barrier. Barriers for GSHP are evaluated in the order of policy, acceptability, economic feasibility, and technology, where policy means improvement is evaluated as the most important factor in promoting the deployment of GSHP.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.1-12
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• 2006

The 'KS-QEI' is the quality evaluation model developed both by Korean Standard Association(KSA) and this research team, reflecting the characteristic of KS products' quality and the customers' demand factors. KS-QEI is a general index measuring and announcing KS products' quality excellency through the evaluation of its real user including customers and specialists. This index aimed to evaluate and announce the quality level of KS product annually which was the motivation of products' quality improvement to enterprises and guaranteed the products' reliability to customers. Ultimately, by competing in good faith among domestic enterprises and preparing foundation of continuous research and investment inducement, it was expected to improve the Korean industry's competitive power. This study was intended to develop improved KS-QEI by analysing 2006 research result, to which it had applied ameliorated and enlarged index in 2005. Especially, it established the weight by Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP), which led to estimate weight mathematically by comparing and evaluating the importance and difficulty by its index. And this paper analyzed the research result by using multi-variate statistical methods.

• Educational Technology International
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.273-305
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• 2016

The EBS teaching coaching program, '선생님이 달라졌어요' broadcasted about 30 dramatic teaching improvement cases. The TV program has gained great attention and been used widely as a good example for making some meaningful improvements in teaching. However, there has not been an attempt to research and gather the series beyond the individual coaching examples for the viewers (mainly teachers) to obtain more comprehensive educational insights of the results. This study, therefore, reviews the program and conveys how the overall coaching actually took place, examines changes in classrooms, and discusses the implications the results with theoretical foundations. The researcher selected 12 teachers' coaching cases among 30 ones. Then the reviewers reviewed the program with the 6 categories. According to the results, the coaching took place 6-8 months for each individual teacher. The common difficulty teachers shared was a big gap between teachers' effort for teaching versus 'students problematic behaviors' in class. The overall direction for the coaching solution was 'to improve the relationship with students' first rather than to mainly focus on teaching the content. Students changed and actively participated in the learning process when teachers improved their relationships with the students. The researcher discussed how building good relationships with students greatly affects the improvement in teaching with the 'Needs Hierarchy' and 'Brain Science' theories.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.323-329
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• 2020

There is a system of mandating the allocation of support to small business in certain percentage or more to facilitate technological innovation at small business. Trying to assess small business R&D projects, which receive a budget of three trillion won or more from the government every year, for their possibilities of success, a group of experts perform a technological evaluation with their technologies and their difficulty levels and review closely the possibilities of their commercialization and success. Used in such a review, the Analytic Hierarchy Process technique cannot make an objective judgment of evaluation criteria for evaluation items and guarantee the professionalism and fairness of small business R&D projects due to the inherent ambiguity and uncertainty of the evaluation criteria. This study proposed an R&D evaluation system based on Fuzzy-AHP for small business to provide objective weight for the evaluation items and assess the possibilities of such projects' success. The evaluation criteria were make objective as they were applied as section values based on triangular fuzzy numbers. Weight was assigned and applied according to the management guidelines of supportive projects for small business' technological development so that it could be reflected on actual assessment. The findings of the study will be helpful for reflecting the scoring weight of these evaluation items again when an expert is appointed for a new project and guaranteeing the professionalism and fairness of small business R&D project based on them.

• CELLMED
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.15.1-15.4
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• 2016

Evidence based practice (EBP) is a system of applying the most current and valid high quality evidence to support clinical decision making in a healthcare setting. In the twenty five years since its inception, EBP has become the accepted benchmark for excellence in healthcare. Although the system emerged within the biomedical sciences, in the years since EBP has become normative across all healthcare modalities from dentistry, allied health to complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Practicing evidence based medicine within any modality potentially offers the patient the best available care based on high quality evidence. Yet it is the nature of the evidence that provokes some questions about the suitability of EBP across all modalities of healthcare. The meta analysis of randomized controlled trial (RCT) stands at the pinnacle of the hierarchy of evidence in EBP. This forms a challenge to CAM due to the difficulty in reducing the elementals of a holistic naturopathic assessment of a patient into an answerable question to be tested within a RCT. On one level this makes EBP paradigmatically incompatible with CAM, yet on another level it presents the opportunity to redefine the parameters of what is considered high level evidence. EBP has become a tool, and at times a weapon wielded by governments and health insurance companies to direct healthcare funding and policy. The implications of the nature of accepted evidence are becoming far reaching. The pursuit of the best available healthcare for each individual is the focus of EBP. However, the injudicious use of this system to direct health policy is fraught with biomedical bias and dominance. This issue raises the challenge to CAM to present high level evidence according to the rules of evidence, or face the annihilation of centuries of empirical knowledge.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.305-315
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• 1997

The propose of this study was to analyze the relationships among the levels of training & development evaluation (reaction, learning, transfer). The study has been conducted on 730 trainees who attended in the basic accounting program in L training and development institution through three incidents of tracked research such as reaction survey right after the conclusion of training, learning evaluation through test, and an evaluation of the transferability after 3 months of training. Questionnaires and test papers for analyses were used after their reliability, validity, difficulty, and discrimination have been verified on a pre-test. The research has been conducted for six months from 4 March 1996 to the end of August 1996, and data have been collected through direct research and survey through mail. The collected data have been worked on at SAS program for Windows with a statistical significance level of 5%. Statistical method that had been used was Pearson's correlation coefficient. The result and conclusion acquired from this study were as follows: Between reaction and learning, learning and transfer of training, only a weak positive correlation exists and explanation or prediction variance showing hierarchical relationship was quite weak with 1%. Thus, this research not only does not strongly support Kirkpatrick(1976)'s hierarchical model of $reaction{\rightarrow}learning{\rightarrow}transfer$, but also indicates that the separate measurement on each levels of training evaluation needs to be done. On the other hand, there was a relatively strong positive correlation between reaction and transfer of training. Based on the result, the conclusion, and the restriction perceived through this study, the following suggestions were made. 1. There is a need to empirically analyze and verify the hierarchy of all levels of training evaluation including the evaluation of the fourth level (result) such as organizational productivity, organizational satisfaction, and separation rate. 2. A great deal of efforts will be needed to systematically analyze what the relationships are among the methods measuring the level of evaluation of the training and development, and to apply this result to the training field.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.10-21
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• 2001

This paper develops a logical simulation method for by dyversity of situations. Most existing systems, for example, games and infant tutoring systems lead users to virtual environment with unfolding situations, but are not designed to induce the change of the environment itself. In this paper, a logically simulated environment is created by defining situations and single events based on situation hierarchy structure. We elaborate the occurrence of events by classifying the causality. The occurrence or natural phenomena is dictated by physical laws and natural phenomena are expressed as the transition of the event based on event association. Specifically we define the source of the event for natural phenomena and we consider the existence of objects as a primary factor in event occurrence. The advantages of this approach include the reuse of events, that is, different events can be generated in the same flow with fresh conditions. This allows us to implement a more practical and logical environment. A drawback to this method is the difficulty in dividing a situation into events. The proposed method was implemented in the context of the change of season among natural phenomena.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.63-75
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• 2007

This study investigated how the contents of biology domains that were dealt with in the 7th national elementary-school science curriculum were in turn dealt with in the other subject matter areas. Through this, it was hoped that the place and identity of biology as a subject could be more clearly established and defined and additionally, more basic data for developing the new national science curriculum could be acquired at the same time. Subject matter areas that overlapped with biology in the 7th national elementary-school curriculum were practical arts, social studies and physical education. The structure and composition of specific components that were dealt with by these subject matter areas were very different from those of science, and the analysis showed that they failed to correspond across grades. Moreover, topics such as 'natural calamities and the environment' and 'human reproduction' that were dealt with by other subject matter areas, but not in science must be included for developing the new national science curriculum. Accordingly, when it comes to composing the contents of each subject matter area during creation of the new national curriculum, the relevant experts in related subject matter areas should be mobilized to conduct in-depth analysis of the following areas: viability, the most appropriate level of difficulty, and appropriateness of any hierarchy of relative importance between subjects. Additionally, efforts to reflect any improvements in the way the new national curriculum is developed which come about through this research are needed.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.76-84
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• 2009

Korea's construction industry experienced no difficulty managing the costs of finishing work items in the apartment housing field thanks to the uniform specification and the standardized costs of finishing work items. Finishing work items have continuously become more high class and differentiated, which has caused the costs of finishing work items to rise. This study identified problems with the cost management when planning finishing work items and choosing their alternatives based on the current process applied to the planning stage of finishing work items. It also found problems with the information management of finishing work items including design, cost, and work information that took place in bulk. Based on the identified problems, the design, cost and work information of finishing work items was integrated so that they could management the costs and information when planning finishing work items and selecting their alternatives. Then a cost-based information management process was suggested for finishing work items by improving each of the project cost management elements. Finally, an information model for finishing work items was built by studying the ways to integrate the information hierarchy and library of finishing work items.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.297-311
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• 1998

Landscaping on artificial ground is currently served as a means to imposing a greenery benefit on high-density and high-rise apartment sites. It functions as a sub-hierarchy in apartment planning such as ornamental element from the past. Major parking space tends to be allocated on the basement area in response to the required parking regulation. Therefore, competitive relatioinship between the parking and greenery space I limited outdoor of apartments leads to the development planning strategy and technology of artificial ground. This study aims at evaluating landscape planning on artificial ground of apartment complex through several approaches such as site survey, plan drawing analysis, and interview with related field experts. 15 survey apartment sites including Bundang Model, Shindaebang-dong, Pyoungchon Hyundai Apartments have been selected for conducting the research. Main results of this study are summarized below : First, scattering allocation of artificial ground between apartment building units is a dominant plan layout type among the survey sites. Even though unifying allocation type has an advantage to maximize underground parking space, it has a difficulty in maintaining proper soil ground base for nurturing plants. Therefore, underground parking space should be planned by unifying allocation type placed separately from apartment units. This plan type can provide a balanced planting between soil and artificial ground on surface level. Second, It is strongly recommended to integrate the whole planting base which involves architectural structure, drainage, and water proofing above the planting design. When considering that process as a professional subject dealing with natural material such as trees and shrubs, those tasks should be directed by landscape architectural divison and landscape architect. And planting area for artificial ground has to be specified in initial phase of architectural design. This step provides an opportunity to make a proper decision on structural load, drainage, and water proof design as an integrated part of the management.