• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.1237-1255
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• 2014

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), hierarchical clustering is an efficient approach for lower energy consumption and extended network lifetime. In cluster-based multi-hop communications, a cluster head (CH) closer to the sink is loaded heavier than those CHs farther away from the sink. In order to balance the energy consumption among CHs, we development a novel cluster-based routing protocol for corona-structured wireless sensor networks. Based on the relaying traffic of each CH conveys, adequate radius for each corona can be determined through nearly balanced energy depletion analysis, which leads to balanced energy consumption among CHs. Simulation results demonstrate that our clustering approach effectively improves the network lifetime, residual energy and reduces the number of CH rotations in comparison with the MLCRA protocols.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.1367-1370
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 안정적인 단방향 링크 환경을 갖는 Ad Hoc 네트워크에 적용할 수 있는 라우팅 프로토콜을 제안한다. 이동 Ad Hoc 네트워크에서 자주 발생하는 단방향 링크는 그 불안정성 때문에 프로토콜의 복잡성을 증가시키고, 성능을 저하시키는 원인이 될 수 있기 때문에 대부분의 현재 제안되고 있는 라우팅 프로토콜에서 고려되지 않고 있다. 그러나, 단방향 링크는 항상 양방향 링크보다 짧은 경로를 제공하여, 효율적 활용되면 오히려 망의 성능을 향상시킬 수 있는 중요한 망 자원이다. 본 논문에서는 반영구적으로 고정된 노드들을 망 하부구조로 갖으며 단방향 링크를 활용한 Ad Hoc 네트워크 구조(HANIC)를 소개하고, HANIC구조에 활용할 Ad Hoc 라우팅 프로토콜인 $H^2$DVRP를 제안한다. $H^2$DVRP는 AODV 라우팅 프로토콜에 단방향 링크 환경 지원을 위한 기능을 추가하여 구성된 라우팅 프로토콜이다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Association of Information Systems Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.145-149
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• 1998

본 논문에서는 동일한 목적지 노드들의 집합을 가지는 다중 멀티캐스트(multiple multicast)가 동시에 일어날 경우 노드간의 경쟁을 최소화하고 메시지 전송 경로를 단축시 키기 위한 알고리즘을 제시하고, 2차원 네트워크인 토러스 구조에서 제시된 본 논문의 알고 리즘을 기존 알고리즘과 비교한다. 기존 논문에서는 멀티캐스트 메시지 패싱 시스템 (multicast message-passing system)에서 여러 개의 소스노드로부터 목적지 노드가 중첩 되는 다중 멀티캐스트를 구현하기 위한 방법으로 2차원 메쉬 구조의 특징을 이용한 SCHL(Source-Centered Hierarchical Leader) 기법[7,8]이 제안되었다. 본 논문에서는 이 를 토러스 구조에 적합하게 변형하여, 기존의 메쉬 구조에 적용된 SCHL 기법[7]과 성능을 분석함으로써 제안된 알고리즘이 메쉬 구조보다 토로스 구조에서 구현될 때, 더 향상된 성 능을 가진다는 것을 보인다. 본 논문에서의 메시지 전송기법은 결정적 웜홀 라우팅 방식을 이용한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1213-1216
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 IEEE 802.15.4 LR-WPAN 네트워크에서 계층화된 주소 할당방식을 통한 TDMA 방식의 비콘 스케쥴링 기법을 제안한다. 본 제안은 각 노드가 데이터를 전달할 다음 노드의 active 구간을 비콘 추적 없이도 알 수 있어 데이터 전송시에 다음 노드의 경쟁구간(Contention Access Period, CAP)에 바로 참여할 수 있는 있는 형태로 되어 있다. 또한 계층적 주소 할당 방식을 사용하므로 다중 홉(multi-hop) 센서 네트워크에서 에너지 효율적인 라우팅이 가능해진다.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.15C no.5
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• pp.329-342
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• 2008

The Sensor Networks have limitations in utilizing energies, developing energy-efficient routing protocol and secure routing protocol are important issues in Sensor Network. In the field of data management, Tributaries and Deltas(TD) which incorporates tree topology and multi-path topology effectively have been suggested to provide efficiency and robustness in data aggregation. And our research rendered hierarchical property to TD and proposed Clustering-based Tributaries-Deltas. Through this new structure, we integrated efficiency and robustness of TD structure and advantages of hierarchical Sensor Network. Clustering-based Tributaries-Deltas was proven to perform better than TD in two situations through our research. The first is when a Base Station (BS) notices received information as wrong and requests the network's sensing data retransmission and aggregation. And the second is when the BS is mobile agent with mobility. In addition, we proposed key establishment mechanism proper for the newly proposed structure which resulted in new Sensor Network structure with improved security and energy efficiency as well. We demonstrated that the new mechanism is more energy-efficient than previous one by analyzing consumed amount of energy, and realized the mechanism on TmoteSKY sensor board using TinyOS 2.0. Through this we proved that the new mechanism could be actually utilized in network design.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.15C no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2008

In order to minimize the signaling delay for a resource reservation on the new routing path after the handover of Mobile Node(MN) is completed, it is important to discover the crossover node where the old and new routing paths meet. With the 크로스오버 노드 being found, the signaling messages only need to be transferred on the changed part of the end-to-end path. The crossover node is generally discovered using the end-to-end Session ID(SID) of the established session between MN and Correspondent Node(CN). However, in the Hierarchical Mobile IPv6(HMIPv6) network, if the Mobile Anchor Point (MAP) reserves the resource by aggregate with the Home Agent(HA), the crossover node discovery cannot be performed in the general way since the aggregate SID that has established between the previous MAP and HA is different from the that of the current MAP and HA after MN's handover. In this paper, we propose a mechanism to discover the crossover node within the tunnel between the MAP and the HA in an HMIPv6 network, assuming that the Next Steps in Signaling(NSIS) is deployed for the resource reservation and the aggregate reservation is applied over the MAP and HA tunnel. The local repair required for the change of path is performed upon the crossover node discovery. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme reduces the signaling delay for the reservation and outperforms the existing scheme with respect to throughput during the handover.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.61-64
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• 2007

MPLS networks architectures have been prevailed as scalable approach to provide quality of service in the Internet. Many researches have been mainly focused on scalability and multi-path calculation scheme for failure restoration. However, the MPLS network have an scalability problem about traffic, and the existing failure restoration methods are wasted resources, and it has the problem that loss of a packet by a lot of delay occurs in too. Therefore in this paper, we propose a H-MPLS (Hierachical-Multiprotocol Label Switching)network for rapidly failure restorations and effective management of network extended. The proposed H-MPLS Network apply LSP multi-path routing algorithm and consists of several MPLS. After comparing the performance among the existing failure restoration methods with various network models, we use NS simulator in order to analyze the performance. Finally, we present an improvement scheme of the efficiency and scalability.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.139-145
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• 2015

This paper proposes to increase the node energy effienciecy, which rapidly drops during the transmission of LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierachy), using the method of DL-LEACH (Dual-hop Layered LEACH). By introducing dual-hop method in the data transmission, the proposed single-hop method for short-range transmission and multi-hop transmission method between the cluster heads for remote transmission was introduce. By introducing a partial multi-hop method in the data transmission, a single-hop method for short range transmission method between the cluster heads for remote transmission was introduces. In the proposed DL-LEACH, the energy consumption of cluster head for remote transmission reduces and increases the energy efficiency of sensor node by reducing the transmission distance and simplifying the transmission routine for short-range transmission. As compared the general LEACH, it was adapted to a wider sensor field.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.165-170
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• 2007

The main goal of research concerning clustering protocols is to minimize the energy consumption of each node and maximize the network lifetime of wireless sensor networks. However, most existing clustering protocols mainly focused on the design and formation of clusters, leaving the consideration of communication between the cluster head and the sink behind. In this paper, we propose efficient multi path routing algorithm by using MAC-NET Cross-layering. multi path needed only one tiny packet from sink to setup. In addition proposed algorithm can be used for any cluster-based hierarchical inter-clustering routing algorithm. The simulation results demonstrate that proposed algorithm extended the overall survival time of the network by reducing the load of cluster heads. The performance of proposed algorithm is less affected by the extension of sensing field than other inter-clustering operation.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.87-100
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• 2007

The aspect of future warfare is NCW(Network Centric Warfare) in accordance with the IT development, so MND have the planning of M-BcN(Military Broadband convergence Network) establishment as the basic system of NCW by the end of 2008. IPv6 address must be managed systematically as a essential element of NCW. In the previous study, it is designed on the basis of the present military information communication network topology. However, it makes some problems. First, it is difficult for present topology to adapt the future M-BcN which is different from the present military network topology. Second, it has defects of inefficiency of route aggregation and enlargement of routing table size. In this paper, we improved the route aggregation and routing table size by assigning the hierarchical address on the basis of M-BcN topology and adjusting the position of field identifying service network. Furthermore, it is proved by the network simulation program(OPNET 12.0).