• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.330-336
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• 2018

This study was conducted to determine the mixing conditions for Hibiscus syriacus L. chocolate depending on different addition ratios of Hibiscus syriacus L. and examine functionality in order to use Hibiscus syriacus L., which has excellent functionality and symbolizes Korea. To accomplish this, Hibiscus syriacus L. chocolate was manufactured by adding 0%, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10% of Hibiscus syriacus L. powder from the 'Samchulli' (Hibiscus syriacus 'Samchulli', which has reddish pink flower with red eye spot: SKK 14-2-72) variety to a coverture of white chocolate after which the antioxidant activity and quality characteristics were analyzed. As the amount of Hibiscus syriacus L. powder added to the chocolate increased, the chocolate color became darker, the pH decreased, and the sugar content and hardness increased. As a result of the sensory evaluation, the degree of preference increased as the amount of added Hibiscus syriacus L. powder increased to 7.5%. The degree of preference for color and flavor was the highest in the 5% added group, but the overall preference was 7.5% added chocolate. These findings demonstrate that adding Hibiscus syriacus L. powder to chocolate can increase chocolate functionality and preference and that there is a high possibility of Hibiscus syriacus L. chocolate development.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.86-92
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• 2007

Hibiscus sabdariffa L., a tropical beverage material, is used commonly as in folk medicine against hypertension, pyrexia, inflammation, liver disorders, and obesity. However, the mechanism by which Hibiscus sabdariffa L. modulates adipogenic differentiation is remained to be elusive. This report was designed to investigate the inhibitory effect of Hibiscus extract on insulin signaling pathway during adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated with isobutylmethylxanthine, dexamethasone, and insulin (MDI) and followed by the addition of Hibiscus extract. Treatment with Hibiscus resulted in a decrease of lipid droplet accumulation, which was suppressed by PI-3 kinase inhibitor wortmannin in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Also, Hibiscus extract markedly attenuated the mRNA expression of adipogenic transcriptional factor PPAR${\gamma}$ and adipogenic hormon Leptin during adipogenesis. However, it did not affect the expression of adiponectin in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes differentiated with MDI mixture. Furthermore, Adipogenic differentiation by MDI mixture increased the phosphorylation and expression of PI3-Kinase and Akt in 3T3 preadipocytes, which was markedly suppressed by Hibiscus extract treatment. Taken together, our results suggest that Hibiscus extract suppressed the adipogenic differentiation of 3T3 preadipocytes through activation of PI3-Kinase and Akt signaling pathway.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.451-457
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• 2018

This study evaluated the quality characteristics of rice cookies prepared with different amounts (0, 3, 6, 9%) of hibiscus powder. The pH of cookie dough decreased as the amount of hibiscus powder increased. Additionally, the moisture content and spread factor were higher in groups containing hibiscus powder than in the control groups. Furthermore, the L-value decreased with increasing hibiscus powder, while the a-value increased. The incorporation of hibiscus powder into cookies decreased hardness. Additionally, consumer acceptance testing revealed that the addition of up to 6% hibiscus powder was desirable in terms of overall acceptability. The total phenol content of the control groups was 12.32 mg GAE/100 g, while the levels in the groups containing hibiscus powder ranged from 23.32 to 59.86 mg GAE/100 g. Finally, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity increased with increasing hibiscus powder level. Taken together, the results of this study indicate that amending cookies with 6% hibiscus powder can improve antioxidant activities without affecting sensory quality.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.295-302
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• 2017

The aim of this study was to analyze the functional components of five cultivars of 'Mugunghwa (Hibiscus syriacus L.)' for the development of 'Mugunghwa'-added foods. There were five varieties, namely, Hibiscus syriacus 'Hwanhee' (HH), Hibiscus syriacus 'Samchulli' (SC), Hibiscus syriacus 'Harmony' (HM), Hibiscus syriacus 'Baekgu' (BG), and Hibiscus sabdariffa L (HB). Of the five varieties tested, HH extract showed the highest total phenolic content (131.85 GAE mg/g), DPPH free radical scavenging activity (95.18%), and anthocyanin and sugar contents. The sensory quality of powders from each Hibiscus variety was evaluated, and it was found that overall palatability decreased in the order: HH, SC, HB, HM, and BG. Thus, addition of Hibiscus variety, which has excellent functionality and palatability, to foods confers an extra element of Korean history and culture, which is expected to improve the marketability of various food products.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.857-863
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to analyze the types of Hibiscus patterns expressed on Aloha shirts. This study analyzed real data collected from man's aloha shirts displayed at the International Market Place in Waikiki of Hawaii during January 21-27, 2007. 35 pieces of Aloha shirts with Hibiscus Patterns were was analyzed. The total of each analysis means all number of patterns sampled or appeared to analyze the types of patterns. The motif of Hibiscus was sampled a total of 42 units for some shirts having several motifs. Its motif was divided into two groups, 20 units(47.62%) of natural type and 22 units(52.38%) of stylized type, according to modeling. Two types were much the same percentage. Hibiscus patterns were classified into three groups, isolated, band and arabesque type, by formation type. The isolated type was appeared most frequently. The layout of Hibiscus pattern was classified into three groups, engineered print, all over print and border print. All over print was appeared most frequently. The data of this study will be provided as a resource to promote using and developing of the pattern of Korean rose of Sharon.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.618-627
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• 2020

Although limited progress have been made about pathogen system of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis and Hibiscus latent Fort Pierce virus (HLFPV), interaction between plant host and pathogen remain largely unknown, which led to deficiency of effective measures to control disease of hibiscus plants caused by HLFPV. In this study, infection of HLFPV in Hibiscus rosa-sinensis was firstly confirmed for the first time by traditional electron microscopy, modern reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and RNA-seq methods in China (HLFPV-Ch). Sequence properties analyzing suggested that the full-length sequences (6,465 nt) of HLFPV-Ch had a high sequence identity and a similar genomic structure with other tobamoviruses. It includes a 5'-terminal untranslated region (UTR), followed by four open reading frames encoding for a 128.5-kDa replicase, a 186.5-kDa polymerase, a 31-kDa movement protein, 17.6-kDa coat protein, and the last a 3'-terminal UTR. Furthermore, HLFPV-Ch-derived virus-derived siRNAs (vsiRNAs) ant its putative target genes, reported also for the first time, were identified and characterized from disease Hibiscus rosa-sinensis through sRNA-seq and Patmatch server to investigate the interaction in this pathogen systems. HLFPV-Ch-derived vsiRNAs demonstrated several general and specific characteristics. Gene Ontology classification revealed predicted target genes by vsiRNAs are involved in abroad range of cellular component, molecular function and biological processes. Taken together, for first time, our results certified the HLFPV infection in China and provide an insight into interaction between HLFPV and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.67-75
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• 2023

Hibiscus is rich in acids, anthocyanins, flavonols, oils, proanthocyanidins, and various pigments. It is utilized for medicinal purposes, to improve human health, and as a galactagogue to stimulate milk production in cows. Due to its biofunctional activities, hibiscus oil has broad applications spanning different fields. This study analyzed the pH and organoleptic quality attributes of three different vegetable-based milk analogs supplemented with hibiscus oil at 0%-1.5% concentrations. The results revealed that the addition of hibiscus oil did not affect pH; however, as the concentration of the hibiscus oil increased, the organoleptic quality attributes of the milk analogs supplemented with it decreased. All three milk analogs supplemented with 0.25% hibiscus oil demonstrated favorable attributes compared to the control group. This study provides valuable foundational data for developing new vegetable-based milk analogs that possess enhanced biofunctionality through the supplementation of hibiscus oil.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.87-99
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• 2016

This study was carried out to characterize 127 recently developed cultivars of Rose of Sharon (Hibiscus spp.) in Korea and foreign Countries for landscape uses. The examined factors were growth characteristics such as tree height of a 1-year grafted plant(cm), plant type, growth habit, leaf characteristics such as shape and size, flower characteristics such as color, shape, size, and red eye during 2014 and 2015 for landscape uses. The results are obtained as follows; Hibiscus hybrid 'Daewangchun', 'Daeil', 'Lohengrin', 'Yeonam', 'Joomong', 'Jina', and H. syriacus 'Honggarosu' had vigorous shoot growth and tall tree size of 100cm. New Hibiscus cultivars, Hibiscus hybrid 'Daewangchun' and 'Daeil', having vigorous growth, uniform plant habit, upright, and compact branches were developed through interspecific crosses between H. syriacus 'Samchully' (♀) and H. sinosyriacus 'Seobong' (♂). This newly developed cultivar 'Daewangchun', 'Daeil', 'Lohengrin', 'Yeonam', 'Joomong', 'Jina', and H. syriacus 'Honggarosu' having tall vigorous growth d unique flower with long red eye can be used as street tree or specimen plant in landscape. Otherwise, H. syriacus 'Tamla', 'Melrose', 'Bidan', 'Hi Lea', 'Byeollee', 'Byunghwa', 'Mibak', 'Hanyang', 'Chungam', 'Lil Kim Violet', 'Jongmoo', 'Eunhasu', Hibiscus hybrid 'Saehanseo', and Hibiscus hybrid 'Yousoon' were selected as small tree of 30~39cm. They had dwarf form in tree seemed to be suitable for pot or flower bed planting on both indoor and outdoor conditions. H. syriacus 'Antong', 'Chungjo', and 'Lil Kim' were less than 30 cm of tree size. H. syriacus 'Antong', 'Chungjo', and 'Lil Kim', characterized by its compact, upright and outwardly spreading plant habit; freely branching habit; dark green-colored leaves; good garden performance. Therefore, the new cultivars with tall and small tree size were a promising cultivar as a ground covers or pot planting as woody landscape plant.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.453-458
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• 2015

A new Hibiscus cultivar 'Daewangchun', having vigorous growth, uniform plant habit, upright, compact branches, and a long red eye was developed through interspecific crosses between H. syriacus 'Samchully' (♀) and H. sinosyriacus 'Seobong' (♂). The Hibiscus breeding program was initiated in 2005 and Hibiscus ${\times}$ 'Daewangchun' was preliminarily selected as '05-R-204' in 2 008 due to its vigorous growth and stable flower quality w ith rich pink flowers. The s elected line was further evaluated for different growth characteristics, leaf shape, leaf size, and flowering characteristics, as well as tested for distinctness, homogeneity, and stability during 2010-2012. The new cultivar 'Daewangchun' had violet pink flowers (RHS N80C) with a long red eye spot, medium size and fan petals. The size of flower was 12.0 cm and size of the red eye was 3.0 cm. Leaves were 8.7 cm long and 4.7 cm wide. After plant characteristic evaluation for 3 years (2010-2012), 05-R-204 was registered as cultivar 'Daewangchun' (4731, No. of plant variety protection rights) in 2013. This newly developed cultivar 'Daewangchun' has tall vigorous growth and unique flowers with a long red eye and can be used as specimen plants in landscaping.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.13 no.2 s.20
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• pp.27-36
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• 2007

Hibiscus syriacus is rarely used herb. For finding up new applications of this herb, the medicinal parts and expected efficacys that recorded in 24 classics of oriental medicine were inquired. As a result of the literature review, medicinal parts and expected efficacys of Hibiscus syriacus were as follows: The medicinal parts were mainly flower and bark. But the root, branch, leaf and fruit were mentioned too. Some unidentified medicinal parts seemed to be branch or bark. The mentioned symptoms that prescribed Hibiscus syriacus are intestinal 'wind', red-white dysentery, thirst with fever after dysentery, insomnia, 'wind' syndrom, leukorrhea, regurgitation, etc. And this herb was mentioned that applied externally for scabies, hemorrhoids, prolapse of the rectum, headache, extracted tooth, etc. Therefore, bleeding intestinal diseases, insomnia, vaginal or uterine hemorrhage(for internal use), scabies or mycosis, hemorrhoids. anal fistula, prolapse of the rectum, headache(for external use) were presented as expected efficacys of Hibiscus syriacus. In future, studies for verifying the efficacys are needed.