• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.53-59
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• 2001

비자나무 잎을 아세톤-물의 혼합용액으로 추출하고 n-hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate 및 물 분획으로 분류하여 동결건조하고 분말상 화합물로 조제하였다. 그 중에서 ethylacetate 용성 추출물을 메탄올-물 및 에탄올-헥산(n-hexane)의 혼합용액을 사용하여 Sephadex LH-20 칼럼상에서 크로마토그래피를 수행하였다. 비자나무 잎의 추출성분은 대부분 (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, (+)-gallocatechin 및 (-)-epigallocatechin과 같은 flavan 화합물과 3'-O-methyl-(+)-catechin 및 3'-O-methyl-(-)-epicatechin과 같은 flavan의 methyl ether 화합물로 구성되어 있었으며 그 이외에 benzoic acid계 화합물인 protocatechuic acid도 단리 되었다. 단리된 화합물은 $^1H$- 및 $^{13}C$-NMR, NOE와 CI-MS 분석에 의해 화학구조를 구명하였다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.497-503
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• 1992

영지 추출액의 항산화 활성을 thiocyanate method, TBA method, weighing method를 이용하여 검색한 결과 n-hexane 추출물, methanol 추출물에서 항산화활성이 나타났으며 그 중에서 n-hexane 추출물의 fraction V와 methanol 추출물의 methanol 불용성 fraction II에서 강한 활성을 나타내었다. 이들 항산화 활성을 나타내는 fraction 5와 fraction II를 rat의 간 균질액을 이용한 항산화 활성 검색에서 과산화 지질 생성억제를 TBA값으로 나타내어 inhibition ratio(I.R.)를 산출하였으며 그 결과 n-hexane 추출물의 fraction V는 l5%, methanol 추출물의 methanol 불용성 fraction II는 54.6%의 억제율을 나타내었다 이는 rat의 간 mitochondria에서 과산화지질 생성 억제율이 영지의 물 추출물은 16%, acetone 추출물은 23%인 것에 비하여 약간 높았으나, microsome에서 과산화지질 생성 억제율이 물 추출물은 44%, acetone 추출물은 75%인 것에 비하여 다소 낮은 활성을 보여주었다.

• 멤브레인
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.29-34
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• 1993

본 논문에서는 역삼투막 공정과 투과 증발막 공정이 Paul과 Ebra-Lima 모델을 사용하여 이론적으로 서로 비교되어졌다. 이 모델로부터 막내에 있는 액의 농도를 역삼투 공정의 경우 압력이 막의 윗쪽에 가하여졌을 때 (반면에 투과 증발 공정의 경우는 가하여진 압력이 무한대일 때) 막 -n-hexane 그리고 rubber 막-benzene 계들에 대하여 계산되어졌다. 또한 polyethylene-n-hexane 그리고 polyethlene-benzene 계들에 대하여 역삼투 및 투과 증발 공정의 투과도가 계산되어졌고 비교되어졌다. 이론적으로는, 투과 증발 공저으이 투과도가 역삼투 공저의 투과도 보다 더 컸음을 알 수 있었다.

• 임산에너지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2002

참나무속 상수리나무와 굴참나무 수피를 채취하여 아세톤-물(7:3, v/v) 혼합용액으로 추출하고 유기용매를 제거한 후 hexane, CH₂C1₂, EtOAc 및 수용성으로 분획하여 동결건조하였다. 두 수종의 EtOAc용성 분획물은 MeOH 수용액 및 EtOH-hexane 혼합용액을 사용하여 Sephadex LH-20 칼럼크로마토그래피를 수행하였다. 단리된 화합물의 구조는 ¹H, /sup 13/C 및 2D-NMR spectrum으로 구조를 구명하였다. 화합물의 분자량은 FAB-MS로 측정하였다. 굴참나무에서는 (+)-catechin, caffeic acid, taxifolin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside를 단리 하였으며 상수리나무에서는 (+)-catechin, (+)-gallocatechin, gallic acid, taxifolin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside를 단리 하였다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.865-870
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• 1996

감잎의 시료 중 항돌연변이 효과와 암세포 증식 억제효과가 컸던 감잎의 헥산, 클로로포름 획분 및 감잎 탄닌의 항암효과를 Sarcoma-180 종양세포를 이용하여 살펴 보았다. Sarcoma-180 종양세포에 대한 시료의 세포 독성작용을 관찰한 후 세포에 큰 영향을 주지 않는 범위내에서 고형암 성장저지 효과 및 수명 연장 효과를 살펴 본 결과 감잎의 헥산 획분이 59.6%로 가장 높은 고형암 성장 저지율을 나타냈으며 수명 연장 효과도 대조군의 경우 17.4일인데 반해 헥산 획분을 투여한 경우 생존일수가 23.6일로 가장 큰 수명 연장 효과가 관찰되었다. 면역 관련 장기 중 하나인 비장의 체중에 대한 중량 변화는 대조군의 경우 0.6%인데 반해 감잎의 헥산 및 클로로포름 획분 그리고 감잎 탄닌의 경우 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.8%로 약간의 증가를 나타내었다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.622-628
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• 2014

The aim of this work is to evaluate the potential of oriental melon (Cucumis melo L. var. makuwa Makino) seeds for the management of type 2 diabetes by controlling glucose absorption. The ${\alpha}$-glucosidase and ${\alpha}$-amylase inhibitory effects of the hexane extracts from oriental melon seeds were investigated. A bioassay-guided fractionation technique was used to elucidate the principal active components. The results show that the hexane extract from oriental melon seeds exhibited high inhibitory activities against ${\alpha}$-glucosidase and ${\alpha}$-amylase. The hexane extract was further fractionated into four sub-fractions. Among them, the sub-fraction F-1 exhibited the most potent anti-diabetic effect. The active components were isolated and identified by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Free fatty acids showed significant hypoglycemic activity (p < 0.001) and fatty acid composition influenced enzyme inhibitory activities. These results suggest that oriental melon seeds could be used to prevent type 2 diabetes.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.719-724
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• 2018

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a bacterium responsible for a number of infections in humans that are difficult to treat, and as a result, is a substantial contributor to morbidity and mortality. In the present study, in search of natural products capable of inhibiting this multidrug-resistant bacterium, we investigated the antimicrobial activity of Lysimachia clethroides Duby root. The antibacterial activities of EtOH extract of Lysimachia clethroides Duby root and its n-hexane, EtOAc, n-BuOH and water fractions were evaluated against 15 strains of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and 1 standard methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) strain by using the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) assay, colorimetric assay using MTT test, checkerboard dilution test. Antimicrobial activity of n-hexane fraction of Lysimachia clethroides Duby root was remarkable. Against the 16 strains, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were in the range of $31.25-62.5{\mu}g/ml$ and FICI values for n-hexane fraction of Lysimachia clethroides Duby root+AM and n-hexane fraction of Lysimachia clethroides Duby root+OX were checkerboard method performed using the MRSA, MSSA and one clinical isolate strains via MICI 0.12-1 and 0.25-0.75, showing the increase of synergistic effect. When combined together, these antibiotic effects were dramatically increased. These effective combinations could be new promising agents in the management of MRSA.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2019

Lifetime of Si photovoltaics modules are about 25 years and a large amount of waste modules are expected to be discharged in the near future. Therefore, the extraction and collection of valuable metals out of discharged Si modules will be one of the important technologies. In this study, we demonstrated that supercritical $CO_2$ extraction method can be effectively used to remove Cu, one of the abundant elements in the module, as well as its oxide form, $Cu_2O$. Especially, we proved that the addition of hexane as co-solvent is effective for the removal of both materials. The optimal ratio of $CO_2$ and hexane was 4:1 at a fixed temperature and pressure of $250^{\circ}C$ and 250 bar, respectively. In addition, it was proven that the removal of $Cu_2O$ was preceded via reduction of $Cu_2O$ to Cu.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.417-428
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• 2022

This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity and toxicity of methanol and hexane extracts of Halymenia durvillei red seaweed which were found abundantly in Kayangan island, South Sulawesi. The antibacterial activity of the crude extract was tested against five gram-negative bacteria, namely Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Vibrio harveyi at a dose of 200 g/disk. Extract toxicity was tested on Artemia salina larvae at concentrations of 1,000, 500, 250, 125, 62.5, and 31.25 ㎍/mL. The results showed that the methanol and hexane extracts of H. durvillei had the highest activity against S. thypi and A. hydrophila, respectively, with inhibition zones of 26.2 mm and 21.0 mm. On the other hand, the two extracts did not show activity against E. coli and P. aeruginosa, respectively. The toxicity of the methanol extract of H. durvillei was twice as high as that of the hexane extract with half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 98.24 and 184.21 ㎍/mL, respectively. Thus, the methanol and hexane extracts of red seaweed H. durvillei have the potential as new antibacterial agents respectively against the pathogenic bacteria S. typhi and A. hydrophila, but also have the opportunity to be developed into antitumor herbal compounds.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.377-386
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• 2012

To reduce the saturation level of lard, solvent fractionation with hexane and acetone was carried out. The fatty acid compositions of lard were 1.5% myristic acid, 26.0% palmitic acid, 2.2%, palmitoleic acid, 12.1% stearic acid, 44.7% oleic acid, and 12.7% linoleic acid. Lard was fractionated by various conditions such as different fractionation temperatures (-15, 5, 10, $15^{\circ}C$), solvent ratios (1:1, 1:3, 1:5, 1:10, lard : solvent, w/v), and fractionation time (3, 6, 24 hr). At $-15^{\circ}C$, acetone was better for reducing the content (11.2%) of saturated fatty acids (SFA) than hexane (10.8%) when the 1:5 solvent ratio was used at 24 hr. Triacylglycerol (TAG) profiles were analyzed by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography based on the partition number (PN) of TAG molecules. The PN of major TAG species in lard were 46 (24.4%), 48 (55.7%), and 50 (19.9%). However, after fractionation (1:5, $5^{\circ}C$ and 24 hr), TAG species with a PN of 46 (34.2%), 48 (54.4%), and 50 (6.9%) were major components in acetone-fractionated lard (liquid part), while TAG species with a PN of 46 (26.0%), 48 (50.3%), and 50 (19.0%) were in hexane-fractionated lard, suggesting that fractionation with acetone resulted in maximal reduction of saturation level in lard.