• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.26-31
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• 1998

Antimutagenic activity of Saururus chinesis (Lour.) Bail was investigated for food-borne mutagens using S. typhimurium TA98. Methanol extract from Saururus Chinesis (Lour.) Bail was fractionated into hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate and butanol fractions, followed by determination of antimutagenic activity for food-borne mutagenic heterogenic amines (HCA). The hexane fraction exhibited a strong antimutagenic activity for 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ), 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f] quinoxaline (MeIQ), 2-amino-3,4-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (MeIQx), 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyroid[4,3-b]indole acetate (Trp-2-A); however its fraction rather enhanced the bacterial mutagenicity of 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinozaline (4,8-diMeIQx) and 2-amino-3,7,8-trimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoxline (7,8-diMeIQx). Active principle in the fraction was found to be two major compounds (${\gamma}$-crene B and epi-bicyclosesquiphellandrane) and 6 minor compounds (${\delta}$-caryophyllene, ${\gamma}$-elemene, ${\beta}$-cabebene, ${\delta}$-cadinene, ${\delta}$-selinene, and patchoulene). Modulation effect for the mutagenic activity of the food-borne mutagenic HCA by the fraction might be derived from a cumulative effect of each individual compounds. Hence, this hexane fraction might be use to reduce the production of mutagenic HCA during cooking process of protein-rich foods.

• 공업화학
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.694-699
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• 1997

대두에 포함된 유용 인지질 PE, PI, PC를 분리하기 위해서 정상 HPLC를 이용하였다. 이동상으로 hexane, isopropanol, methanol을 사용하였고 일정용매조성법으로는 세 물질을 분리할 수 없었기 때문에 구배용매조성법을 적용하였다. 최적 분리조건을 구하기 위해서 단 이론과 step-gradient mode에서의 용량인자를 계산하는 식으로부터 농도분포곡선을 계산하였다. 계산 결과에 의하면 PE는 일정용매조성법 (hexane/isopropanol/methanol=90/5/5vo1.%)에서 분리하고 PI와 PC를 분리하기 위해서는 10분의 구배시간과 두번째 이동상을 hexane/isopropanol/methanol=50/20/30(vol.%)으로 계단함수의 구배용매조성법을 사용하는 것이다. 계산된 최적 분리조건을 실험 data와 비교한 결과 잘 일치하였고 이 제시된 방법은 구배용매조성법에서 최적 분리조건을 구하는데 이용될 수 있었다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.740-747
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• 2014

식품부패미생물에 대한 정향추출물의 항진균력을 확인하고 유효성분을 분리한 후 그 구조를 확인하였다. 정향 추출물은 대표적인 항진균제인 메타중아황산칼륨 및 myconazole과 비슷한 항진균 활성을 나타내었다. 용매분획을 실시한 결과 hexane fraction이 가장 항진균활성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이 hexane 분획을 silica gel column chromatography를 통해 분리하여 항진균활성이 가장 큰 분획물인 JH-1, JH-2-1 및 JH-2-2을 분리하였다. 이들 화합물은 EI-MS 와 $^1H$-NMR, $^{13}C$-NMR 결과로부터 활성물질의 구조를 동정하였으며 그 결과 JH-1은 eugenol, JH-2-1은 eugenol acetate 그리고 JH-2-2은 chavicol인 것으로 확인하였다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.134-142
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• 2007

This study was performed to determine the antioxidative and cytotoxic effects of Elaeagnus multiflora by examining its scavenging effects on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl(DPPH) radical, the inhibition of lipid peroxidation, and its inhibitory effects on cancer cell proliferation in HeLa cells, MCF-7 cells, and SNU-638 cells by MTT assay. Here, dried samples were extracted in ehtanol at room temperature and fractionated into five different solvent types: hexane, dichloromethane, ethylacetate, butanol, and aqueous partition layers. The hexane(62.92${\pm}$2.45%) and dichloromethane(65.25${\pm}$4.74%) fractions of Elaeagnus multiflora's flesh, and the aqueous(94.65${\pm}$0.02%) and ethylacetate(93.83${\pm}$0.02%) fractions of Elaeagnus multiflora's seeds, inhibited DPPH radical production. The DPPH radical scavenging effects of the flesh and seed were different according to solvent fractions. The inhibition of lipid peroxidation by the flesh and seed extracts were 76.11${\pm}$3.66 and 69.57${\pm}$2.27, respectively, for hexane and 67.57${\pm}$2.43 and 62.09${\pm}$0.90, respectively, for the dichloromethane fraction. Among the various partition layers of Elaeagnus multiflora's flesh, hexane and dichloromethane showed the strong cytotoxicities on all the cancer cell lines used in the study. Also all the fractions of Elaeagnus multiflora's seed exhibited significant effects on the inhibition of cancer cell growth(hexane > dichloromethane > ethylacetate > butanol > aqueous partition layers). These results indicate that the haxane and dichloromethane partition layers of Elaeagnus multiflora's flesh and seed extracts have possible antioxidative and anticancer capacities. Although further studies are needed, the present work suggests that Elaeagnus multiflora may be an antioxidative and chemopreventive agent.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.377-384
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• 2008

Chungpesagan-tang (CST) has been traditionally used in Korea as a therapeutic for cerebral ischemia. To understand the protective mechanism of CST on hypoxia/reoxygenation insults in N2a cells, the cell viability was determined with the treatment of water solution and several solvent fractions of CST. The highest cell viability occurred when the cells were treated with the hexane soluble fraction of CST. Hypoxia/reoxygenation insults were shown to decrease the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and the level of glutathione (GSH) and increase the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. However, treatment with hexane soluble fraction of CST ranging from 0.1 ${\mu}g$/ml to 10 ${\mu}g$/ml recovered the activities of GPx and SOD and maintained the levels of MDA and GSH at control levels. While hypoxia/reoxygenation insults induced the activation of ERK in N2a cells, treatment with the hexane soluble fraction of CST inhibited the activation of ERK in a concentration dependent manner. In this study, we were able to demonstrate that the bioactive compounds of CST can be effectively transferred into the hexane soluble fraction, and more importantly that CST exhibits protective effects against hypoxia/reoxygenation insults most likely by recovering redox enzyme activities.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.48-60
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• 2018

Objective: The aim of this study is to optimize the extraction of beneficial substance from Cudrania tricuspidata leaves grown at Jirisan Mountain in South Korea by three different solvents depending on extraction time and at different temperature. Methods: The total phenolic contents were determined by the method reported by $S{\acute{a}}nchez$-Moreno et al. The total flavonoid contents were analyzed by Slinkard and Singleton. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was determined according to the method reported by Blois Results: The extraction yield for each solvent is 9.05-14.1%, 2.17-5.67%, and 2.3-3.9% for D.W., ethanol, and hexane, respectively. The overall results were maximized for the extract obtained with D.W. for 5 min at $100^{\circ}C$. The average phenol contents were 77.11, 45.64, and 0.343 mg/g at $100^{\circ}C$ in water, $78^{\circ}C$ in ethanol, and $68^{\circ}C$ in hexane, respectively. The flavonoid contents were the highest in the materials extracted with D.W., and were increased with increasing temperature, regardless of the extraction solvents, whether water (green), polar organic ethanol, or nonpolar organic hexane. In the ethanol extract, the flavonoid contents are increased gradually from 5.66 mg/g to 7.73 mg/g. The total flavonoid contents were proportional to the concentrations of the water extracts, ranging from 4.14 mg/g to 48.89 mg/g. The antioxidative activities of the water-extracted compounds are generally increased with increasing temperature from 42.5% to 85.5%. Those of the hexane extracts are increased slowly from 3.79% to 8.8%, while those of ethanol extracts are increased from 29.8% to 47.4%. Conclusion: The extraction yields were dependent upon solvents for extraction as well as extraction time and the temperature. The optimal extraction time was 5 min and the extraction yields were increased with increasing temperature excepted hexane. Of the three tested extraction solvents, the greenest solvent of water shows excellent results, suggesting that water is among the most effective solvents for natural sample extractions for general medicinal, pharmaceutical, and food applications.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.1057-1062
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• 1997

26속 32종의 버섯의 topoisomerase II 작용 억제여부를 검색한 결과 말불버섯이 topoisomerase II 작용을 억제하며 그 유효 성분이 핵산분획물에 존재함을 확인하였다. 말불버섯의 핵산분획물은 linear DNA와 open circular DNA를 생성시켰으며 농도와 반응시간에 의존적인 반응 양상을 나타냈다. 또한 말불버섯의 핵산분획물은 topoisomerase I의 작용도 억제하였다. 그러나 배양한 말불버섯의 균사체는 topoisomerase 작용에 아무런 영향을 미치지 않았다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.464-469
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• 1996

느타리버섯 자실체 및 액체배양한 균사체를 핵산, 에탄올, 물 순으로 순차하여 얻은 추출물에 대하여 천연항산화제로 이용할 수 있는 가능성을 검토하였다. 용매별 추출수율은 자실체 및 액체배양 균사체 모두 물추출 분획의 추출 수율이 $35{\sim}48%$로 가장 높았다. 총 당의 함량은 ethanol추출 분획과 물추출 분획의 ethanol가용부에서 높은 함량을 나타내었으며, phenol성 화합물의 함량은 자실체 및 균사체 모두 hexane 분획에서 높은 함량을 보였다. 용매별로 추출한 추출물을 대두유에 500-3000ppm 첨가하여 일정 시간마다 과산화물가를 측정한 결과, 자실체 및 균사체 모두에서 ethanol 분획이 물 및 hexane 분획에 비해 강한 항산화능을 보였으며 BHA 및 BHT를 처리한 비교구 및 무처리구에 비해서도 항산화성이 우수하였으며 열안정성도 확인되었다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.296-301
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• 2001

혹진주벼 미강으로부터 생리기능성 물질을 추출하여 이들을 이용한 생리기능성 제품을 개발하기 위하여 먼저 흑진주벼 미강에 함유되어있는 유용물질들을 추출한 후 이들의 생리기능성을 측정하였고 미강 중에 많이 함유되어있는 ACE저해활성물질과 혈전용해활성물질, 전자공여물질과 tyrosinase 저해물질들의 추출최적조건을 검토하였다. ACE 저해활성과 혈전용해활성 및 tyrosinase 저해활성은 물 추출액에서 높았고 전자공여능은 hexane 추출액에서 높았다 그러나 SOD 유사활성과 아질산염 소거활성은 없거나 매우 미약하였다. 흑진주벼 미강에 물을 1 : 20으로 첨가하여 2$0^{\circ}C$ 에서 12시간 추출하였을 때 ACE 저해활성물질이 가장 많이 추출되었고 물을 1 : 10으로 하여 35$^{\circ}C$에서 18시간 추출하였을 때 혈전용해활성물질이 가장 많이 추출되었다. 또한 전자공여물질은 20배의 hexane으로 2$0^{\circ}C$에서 18시간, tyrosinase 저해제는 10배의 물로 2$0^{\circ}C$에서 18시간 추출하였을 때 가장 많이 용출 되었다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.738-744
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• 2012

Gastrodia elata Blume is used for a variety of purposes including treatment of inflammation in the Korean medicine. The present study investigated whether the G. elata extracts have the anti-inflammatory effect on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated BV-2 microglia cells. G. elata extracts showed an anti-inflammatory effects in the morphological and nitric oxide(NO) analysis, especially in hexane extract. So we investigated the hexane extract from G. elata in the following experiments. Hexane extract significantly inhibited the secretion of NO with protein level of inducible nitric oxide synthase in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglia cells. Hexane extract also inhibited LPS-stimulated inflammatory responses involving the degradation of cytosolic inhibitory(I)-${\kappa}B{\alpha}$ and the translocation of nuclear factor(NF)-${\kappa}Bp65$ to nucleus in LPS-stimulated BV-2 microglia cells by morphological analysis. Western blot analyse confirmed that I-${\kappa}B{\alpha}$ and NF-${\kappa}Bp65$ showed a similar pattern as morphological analysis. Our results suggest that G. elata extracts, especially hexane extract, may act as a therapeutic agent for inflammatory disease in the central nervous system through a selective regulation of NO production and NF-${\kappa}B$ activation.