• 대한암한의학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.17-25
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• 2012

Objective : This report is aimed to investigate the effectiveness of traditional korean therapy including intravenous Cultivated Wild Ginseng Pharmacopuncture (CWGP) and Soram immunopharmacopuncture with XELOX chemotherapy in treating metastatic colorectal cancer patient. Methods : A 47-year-old woman who was diagnosed as metastatic colorectal cancer on Oct 2011 was concurrently treated with traditional Korean therapy (TKT) and XELOX (capecitabine plus oxaliplatin) for 7 months. TKT includes intravenous CWGP, Soram immuno-pharmacopuncture, acupuncture, moxibustion, and herbal medicine. The effectiveness of therapies was evaluated with computed tomography and tumor marker levels such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9). And pain on the lateral abdomen was recorded with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Results : The tumor mass size of metastatic liver was decreased from 10 cm to 4.3 cm. The tumor marker levels such as CEA and CA19-9 are also decreased. From these results, this case report suggests that the TKT with palliative chemotherapy may be a useful method to treat unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.550-553
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• 2015

A 67-year-old male presented with left temporal hemianopsia and left hemiparesis. A contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance image revealed a $4.5{\times}3.5{\times}5.0cm$ rim-enhancing mass with central necrosis and associated edema located in the left occipital lobe. Of positron emission tomography and abdominal computed tomography, a 9-cm mass with poor enhancement was found in the right hepatic lobe. Craniotomy and right hemihepatectomy was performed. The resected specimen showed histological features and immunochemical staining consistent with a metastatic neuroendocrine tumor (NET). Four months later, the tumors recurred in the brain, liverand spinal cord. Palliative chemotherapy with etoposide and cisplatin led to complete remission of recurred lesions, but the patient died for pneumonia. This is the first case of a metastatic brain NET originating from the liver. If the metastatic NET of brain is suspicious, investigation for primary lesion should be considered including liver.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2023

Despite recent advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer, clinical results remain dismal. Furthermore, there are no reliable biomarkers or alternatives beyond carbohydrate antigen 19-9. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) may be a potential biomarker, but their therapeutic application is constrained by their rarity in peripheral venous blood. Theoretically, the portal vein can be a more appropriate location for the detection of CTCs, because the first venous drainage of pancreatic cancer is portal circulation. According to several studies, the number and detection rate of CTCs may be higher in the portal blood than in the peripheral blood. CTC counts in the portal blood are strongly correlated with several prognostic parameters such as hepatic metastasis, recurrence after surgery, and survival. The phenotypic and genotypic properties analyzed in the captured portal CTCs can assist us to comprehend tumor heterogeneity and predicting the prognosis of pancreatic cancer. The investigations to date are limited by small sample sizes and varied CTC detection techniques. Therefore, a large number of prospective studies are required to confirm portal CTCs as a valid biomarker in pancreatic cancer.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제13권1_2호
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• pp.23-27
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• 1997

This study was performed to examine the anti-cancer effect of Red Ginseng in the DENGalN-PH-induced hepatic tumor model system in rats. One hundred of male SPF Sprague-Dawley rats(6weeks old) were randomly divided into five groups. Rats in groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 were administered to diethylnitrosamine intraperitoneally 200 mg/kg body weight for the caner initiation. Rats in group 5 were given to saline as a control. On two weeks after cancer initiation, rats in groups 1 and 3 were fed on diet containing 0.01% of acethylaminofiuorene(AAF) which is strong cancer-promotor for 6 weeks, while rats in groups 2 and 4 were fed on water containing 0.05% of phenobarbital which is weak cancer.promotor for 6 weeks. Rats in groups 1 and 2 were treated with diet containing 3% of Red Ginseng for six weeks(from 9th week till 15th week after cancer initiation). Rats in all groups were necropsied time-sequencially at 8, 15, and 36 weeks. The hepatic lesions of rat treated with carcinogens expressed glutathione S-transferase placental form(GST-P) at 8 week. The GST-P positive foci of rats treated with AAF were larger than that of any other rats, while the GST-P positive foci of rats treated with AAF and red ginseng were significantly decreased. This anti-cancer effect of Red ginseng might be involved in the enhacement of natural killer cell activity. To know whether there is direct relationship between Red Ginseng and natural killer cell activity, the activity of natural killer cell was examined after treatment AAF, AAF+Red ginseng and Red ginseng only, respectively. Comparing with natural killer cell activity in AAF-treated group, natural killer cell activity was significantly activated in AAF+ Red ginseng-treated group. This indicated that Red ginseng might enhance natural killer activity after treatment carcinogen in rats. These results suggested that Red ginseng might have a cancer prevention ability by promoting natural killer cell activity during hepatocarclnogenesis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제31권11호
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• pp.1097-1101
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• 1998

신세포암은 환자의 약 5∼10%에서 하대정맥을 침범한다. 이러한 경우 수술적으로 함께 제거하는 것이 가장 좋은 치료로 되어있다. 최근에는 간정맥 유입로 상부에 위치한 하대정맥내의 종양 혈전 제거술의 경우 체외 순환을 통한 순환 정지 방법이 사용되고 있다. 본 교실에서는 근치적 신적출술과 함께 하대정맥내의 종양 혈전 제거술을 4례 치험하였다. 모든 환자에서 간정맥이하의 하대정맥 혈전으로 체외 순환의 도움 없이 일반적인 방법으로 시행되었으나, 그 중 한 환자에서 간정맥의 유입로보다 상부에 위치한 하대정맥혈전이 재발되어 순환정지후 혈전제거술을 시행하였다. 네 명의 환자 모두 특별한 문제없이 회복되었다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.69-72
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• 2015

Insulinoma, which arises from insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells, is a rare tumor in children. Only 5%-10% of insulinomas are malignant and undergo metastasis. We report a case of an 11-year-old girl who experienced hypoglycemia-related seizures induced by an insulinoma; after resection of the primary tumor, she developed hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH). Laboratory test results indicated marked hypoglycemia with hyperinsulinemia. Abdominal ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography results were normal; however, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a solid mass in the pancreatic tail. Therefore, laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy was performed. Two months after the surgery, an abdominal MRI revealed multiple nodular lesions in the liver. An US-guided liver biopsy was then performed, and histological examination revealed FNH without necrosis or mitotic activity. The patient has been free of hypoglycemia for 2 years, and recent MRI studies showed a decrease in the size of FNH lesions, without any evidence of metastasis. Even though no metastatic lesions are noted on imaging, close observation and follow-up imaging studies are required in a child with insulinoma that has malignant potential on histopathologic findings.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.171-179
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• 2008

Objective: Bufonis Venenum is the traditional Korean medicine Chan Su, which is obtained from the skin and parotid venom gland of the toads. It has been used for myocardial diseases, inflammation diseases, pain relief, cancer and others. The main components of BV are cinobufotoxin, cinobufalin, bufalin and others. Of these, bufalin, the major active ingredient of BV, has been reported to induce apoptosis and to possess anti-tumor effects. There was no report of anti-tumor screening of BV on hepatic cancer and which signaling pathway can be involved. In order to examine the effect of BV on hepatic cancer and the related signaling pathway with BV-induced apoptosis, human Hep G2 cells were used. Methods: Analysis of apoptosis was confirmed by MTT assay. BV decreased cell viability in a dose and duration dependent manner. To observe which signaling molecules will be activated by BV, phosphorylation of MAPK (p38, ERK, JNK), caspase 8 and caspase 9 were examined by Western blot analysis. Results: The phosphorylation levels of p38 started to increase at 5 min after addition of 5 ${\mu}g$/ml of BV and sustained to increase until 48 hours. The phosphorylation levels of other MAPK (ERK and JNK), caspase 8 and caspase 9 increased in a time-dependent manner. These imply that BV may activate different signaling pathways, MAPK, caspase 8 and caspase 9. These results propose that BV may induce apoptosis on Hep G2 cells through the activation of MAPK, caspase 8 and caspase 9.

• 한국간담췌외과학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.118-123
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• 2022

A recent successful prospective randomized control study comparing open distal pancreatectomy with laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) has shown that LDP is a safe and effective surgical modality in treating left-sided pancreatic pathological conditions requiring surgical extirpation. With the accumulating surgical experiences and improved surgical techniques, we recently reported several cases of successful LDP in advanced pancreatic cancer following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Herein, we report a case of LDP with celiac axis resection (LDP-CAR) in locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. A 58-yearold female with LAPC was referred to our institution. Computed tomography (CT) findings revealed a 24-mm mass in the pancreatic body that showed celiac artery (CA), common hepatic artery abutment. There was no abutment with superior mesenteric artery, superior mesenteric vein, and portal vein. From these findings, Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (FORFIRINOX) was performed biweekly. After 8 cycles of chemotherapy, the tumor size was slightly decreased (24 mm to 16 mm), but still abutting to CA. After 14 cycles of chemotherapy, CT revealed the same tumor size (16 mm) still abutting to CA. LDP-CAR was performed. Intraoperative ultrasonography gastric perfusion and hepatic perfusion were confirmed using indocyanine green. The patient recovered without complications and was discharged from the hospital nine days after the surgery.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.13-31
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• 2010

Objective : Bujeonghangam-tang(BH) has been used for cure of tumor as a traditional medicine. This study was carried out to clarify the effect of BH extract on hepatocellular carcinogenesis and hepatic cirrhosis induced by Diethylnitrosamine(DENA) and $CCl_4$ in Rats. Method : Experimental groups were divided into two, 8th and 12th week groups, and subdivided into four; normal group(Nor), cirrhosis and hepatic cancer inducing control group(Con), and BH extract 320 mg/kg/day(BHA) or 640 mg/kg/day(BHB) administered groups to Con. Results: In the 8th week group: The body weight decreased significantly in Con compared with the Nor. The activities of transaminase, alkaline phosphatase(ALP), and lactacte dehydrogenase(LDH) were significantly increased(p<0.05) in the Con compared with Nor, but decreased in the BHA and BHB compared with Con. Alpha fetoprotein(AFP) were the most increased in the Con compared to BHA and BHB. The results of light microscopical observation, a number of hepatocytes were damaged in the Con compared with Nor and BH extract administerd groups. The number of hepatic p53 positive cells was reduced in the BH extract administered groups. According to the electron microscopical observation, hepatocarcinoma cells were observed distinctly in the Con compared with BH extract administered groups. In the 12 weeks group: The results of body were similar to 8th week groups. The activities of transaminase and ALT were significantly increased(p<0.05) in the Con compared with Nor. LDH was significantly(p<0.05) increased in the Con compared with Nor but significantly (p<0.05) decreased in the BHB. Alpha fetoprotein(AFP) were the most increased in the Con among ex perimental groups. The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) were significantly (p<0.05) increased in the Con, but the activities of catalase were not increased(p<0.05) compared with Nor. The number of hepatic p53 positive cells was increased in the Con. The results of electron microscopical observation were similar to 8th week groups. Conclusion : These results suggest that ad ministration of BH extract suppress or retard DENA and $CCl_4$-induced hepatocellular carcinogenesis and hepatic cirrhosis in rats.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1084-1098
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• 2023

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Previous research has shown maternal betaine supplementation alleviates fetal-derived hepatic steatosis. Therefore, this study examined the anti-inflammatory effect of maternal betaine intake in offspring mice and its mechanism. MATERIALS/METHODS: Female C57BL/6J mice and their offspring were randomly divided into 3 groups according to the treatment received during gestation and lactation: control diet (CD), fatty liver disease (FLD), and fatty liver disease + 1% betaine (FLD-BET). The FLD group was given a high-fat diet and streptozotocin (HFD + STZ), and the FLD-BET group was treated with HFD + STZ + 1% betaine. After weaning, the offspring mice were given a normal diet for 5 weeks and then dissected to measure the relevant indexes. RESULTS: Compared to the CD group, the offspring mice in the FLD group revealed obvious hepatic steatosis and increased serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α; maternal betaine supplementation reversed these changes. The hepatic mRNA expression levels of IL-6, IL-18, and Caspase-1 were significantly higher in the FLD group than in the CD group. Maternal betaine supplementation reduced the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing C-terminal caspase recruitment domain (ASC). Maternal betaine supplementation also reversed the increasing protein expressions of nitric oxide dioxygenase-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), ASC, Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 in offspring mice exposed to HFD + STZ. Maternal betaine supplementation decreased the homocysteine (Hcy) and s-adenosine homocysteine (SAH) levels significantly in the livers. Furthermore, the hepatic Hcy concentrations showed significant inverse relationships with the mRNA expression of TNF-α, NLRP3, ASC, and IL-18. The hepatic SAH concentration was inversely associated with the IL-1β mRNA expression. CONCLUSIONS: The lipotropic and anti-inflammatory effect of maternal betaine supplementation may be associated with the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome in the livers of the offspring mice.