• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.372-378
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• 2007

The Artemisia capillaris THUNB is a perennial herb that belongs to the family Compositae spp and probably the most common plant among the various herbal folk remedies being used in the treatment of abdominal pain hepatitis chronic liver disease, jaundice and coughing in Korea. Recently the biological and pharmacological actions of herb have been studied well such as antibacterial, antidiabetic and antitumor activities. This experiment was conducted to investigate antitumor and immunomodulatory effects of Artemisia capillarix extracts against Hepa-1c1c7 and Sarcoma 180 cancer cells on in vivo experimental tests. On in vivo experimental tests using 280 ICR mice the gain of body weight in the control-group mice bearing Sarcoma 180 ascites tumor was 1.5 times more than that of the normal-group mice after 33 days. However, the gain of body weight in all experimental groups administered with Artemisia capillaris extracts was significantly lower than that of the control-group mice (P<0.05). The mean survival times of mice administered with Artemisia capillaris extracts of 25 and 100 mg/kg for 28 days were shown to be 25.39% and 15.39% longer than that of the control-group mice injected with saline (P<0.05). Artemisia capillaris extracts showed the highest tumor inhibition effects, which were 42.4% and 27.2% when intraperitoneally injected with doses of 25 and 100 mg/kg once a day for 28 days in inoculated ICR mice with Sarcoma 180 solid tumor cells (P<0.05). The results suggest that Artemisia capillaris methanol extracts have prominent antitumor effects on the cancer cell lines Hepa-1c1c7 and Sarcoma 180.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.262-267
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• 2006

Inhibitory effects of fungal metabolites isolated from foodstuffs on growth of human cancer cell lines were evaluated. Isolated strains were divided into four classes based on color (aerial, reverse), shape, and growth speed. Fungal metabolites extracted with ethyl acetate were investigated for their growth inhibition on six kinds of human cancer cells by MTT assay. Ethyl acetate extract showed high growth inhibition against all cancer cells tested, with D4 exhibiting the strongest growth inhibition effects against Kato III, AGS, Hepa1c1c7, and MDA-MB-231 cancer cells. These results suggest ethyl acetate extract from fungal metabolites as effective natural cancer therapeutic material.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.51-56
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• 2002

Induction of phase II enzymes such as quinone reductase (QR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) is considered a major mechanism of protection against initiation of carcinogenesis. The present study was performed to evaluate the chemopreventive activity of Acori Graminei Rhizoma aqua-acupuncture solution (AGRAS) and Acori Graminei Rhizoma water-extracted solution (AGRWS) by measuring the induction of phase II enzymes. AGRAS and AGRWS are potent inducers of quinone reductase activity in murine hepatoma Hepa1c1c7 cells. The levels of GSH and GST was increased sightly with AGRAS and AGRWS. These results suggest that AGRAS and AGRWS may act as blocking agents against carcinogenesis by induction of phase II enzymes.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.320-326
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• 2022

Most of the emerging diseases that threaten humans are caused by RNA viruses which are extremely mutable during evolution. The fish RNA virus, viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) can infect a broad range of aquatic animal hosts, but the transmissibility of VHSV to mammals has not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the potential adverse effects of VHSV in mammals. Briefly, the survival of VHSV was determined using only minimum essential media (MEM-2) and mammalian SNU-1411 and hepa-1c1c7s cells at 15℃ and 37℃. Mice (Mus musculus, 27.3 ± 1.9 g) were intravenously injected with VHSV (2.37E+05 TCID₅₀·mice^-1) in triplicate. Clinical signs and survival rates were examined at 14 days post-challenge, and infection was confirmed in the surviving mice. The 50% tissue culture infective dose (TCID₅₀) and polymerase chain reaction analysis were used to determine viral titers and the infection rate, respectively. The titer of VHSV suspended in MEM-2 at 15℃ was reduced by only one log after 8 days, whereas the virus maintained at 37℃ was inactivated 8 days post-inoculation (dpi). There were no recognizable cytopathic effects in either SNU-1411 or hepa-1c1c7s cells inoculated with VHSV at 15℃ and 37℃. VHSV in those cell lines at 37℃ was rapidly decreased and eventually inactivated at 12 dpi, whereas virus at 15℃ remained at low concentrations without replication. In vivo experiment showed that there were no signs of disease, mortality, or infection in VHSV-infected mice. The results of this study indicate that it is highly unlikely that VHSV can infect mammals including humans.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.408-412
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• 2009

The Artemisia capillaris THUNB is a perennial herb that belongs to the family Compositae spp. and probably the most common plant among the various herbal folk remedies being used in the treatment of abdominal pain, hepatitis, chronic liver disease, jaundice and coughing in Korea. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Artemisia capillaris extracts on the amounts of splenocytes-derived cytokine ($TNF-{\alpha},\;IL-1{\beta}$ and IL-10). In in vivo experimental tests using 210 ICR mice with Hepa-1c1c7 or sarcoma 180 cancer line, splenocytes derived cytokine contents were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in the Hepa-1c1c7 and Sarcoma 180 inoculated vehicle controls, HP and SP, compared to those of the intact vehicle control on both the $28^{th}$ day and the $42^{nd}$ day, respectively. However, these decreases of $TNF-{\alpha},\;IL-1{\beta}$ and IL-10 levels induced by tumor inoculations were significantly (p < 0.01, p < 0.05) inhibited by mACH (Artemisia capillaris methanol extracts) treatment regardless of the type of experiments and tumor cells inoculated. The results suggest that Artemisia capillaris methanol extracts have prominent anti-inflammation effects on the cancer cell lines Hepa-1c1c7 and Sarcoma 180.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.74-75
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• 2006

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2008

Ribbon-type antisense oligonucleotide to TGF-${\beta}1$ (TGF-${\beta}1$ RiAS) was designed and tested to prevent or resolve the fibrotic changes induced by $CCl_4$ injection. When Hepa1c1c7 cells were transfected with TGF-${\beta}1$ RiAS, the level of TGF-${\beta}1$ mRNA was effectively reduced. TGF-${\beta}1$ RiAS, mismatched RiAS, and normal saline were each injected to mice via tail veins. When examined for the biochemical effects on the liver, TGF-${\beta}1$ mRNA levels were significantly reduced only in the TGF-${\beta}1$ RiAS-treated group. The results of immunohistochemical studies showed that TGF-${\beta}1$ RiAS prevented the accumulation of collagen and ${\alpha}$-smooth muscle actin, but could not resolve established fibrosis. These results indicate that ribbon antisense to TGF-${\beta}1$ with efficient uptake can effectively prevent fibrosis of the liver.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.7-15
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• 2000

Glycyrrhizae Radix aqua-acupuncture solution (GRAS) and Glycyrrhizae Radix water-extracted solution (GRWS) were prepared and tested for organ toxicities, antitumor activities, and immunomodulatory effects. The organ-toxicity of GRAS to male ICR mice was studied by the measurements of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvate transaminase (GPT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP-s) activities after injection of GRAS for 7 days. The activities of GOT, GPT, LDH, ALP-s were decreased with GRAS. It was shown to possess considerable toxicity toward various tumor cell lines. Concentration of GRAS at 1.5g/ml and 3g/ml resulted in more than 80% inhibition of growth in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells (EATC), Hepa1c1c7, and HeLa cells. Toxicity of GRAS to A549 revealed that 68% inhibition of growth. GRWS at the concentration of 3g/ml showed more than 80% inhibition of growth with EATC, Hepalclc7, A549 and HeLa. In morphological study, the number of cells were decreased, and the shape of cells was round-form in EATC, Hepalclc7, A549 and HeLa cells with GRAS. Administration of GRAS inhibited the growth of EATC in vivo. Mice given EATC at 1.5g/ml or 0.3g/ml GRAS had 16.7% to 50% survival after 21 days. GRAS increased the proliferation of T and B cells and the cytolytic activity of purified T cell. The biosyntheses of nucleic acid and protein of EATC, Hepalclc7, A549 and HeLa cells were inhibited by GRAS.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.155-162
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• 2004

In mammalian, cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) is very important for metabolism of xenobiotics such as PAHs(Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) and heterocyclic amine, and it is induced by environmental contaminants such as PAHs, TCDD(2,3,7,8-tetrchlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) and 3-MC (3-methylcholanthrene). In fish, like mammalian, when it is exposed to environmental contaminants, they cause specific and sensitive induction of CYP1A. Therefore, induction of CYP1A in fish and mammalian is widely used as a biomarker for exposure of environmental contaminants. In this study, to compare the function of Cyp1a1 in fish with it in mammalian, we have used rainbow trout(Oncorhynchys mykiss) hepatoma cells (RTH-149) and mouse hepatocyte (Hepa-I). in order to examine induction of Cyp1a1 by TCDD, we have used the bioassay system. We examined effects of TCDD on the Cyp1a1-luciferase reporter gene activity, 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase(EROD) activity and Cypa mRNA level.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.1071-1076
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• 2001

Chemopreventive activities of polysaccharides from soybeans fermented with either Phellinus igniarius or Agrocybe cylindracea were investigated by measuring the induction of quinone reductase (QR), glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities, and glutathione (GSH) levels in the cell culture along with inhibition of polyamine biosynthesis. The polysaccharides from soybeans fermented with P. igniarius strongly (p<0.005) induced QR activity at all concentrations tested. The extract not only induced GST activity in a dose-dependent manner in the concentration range of 0.1-1.0 mg, but significantly induced GSH revels in cultured Hepa 1c1c7 cells with a maximal 1.4-fold increase at 0.1 mg. The polysaccharides from soybeans fermented with A. cylindracea were effective in inhibiting polyamine metabolism. These results suggest that polysaccharides from soybeans fermented with P. igniarius or A. cylindracea have cancer chemopreventive activities in in vitro models and, therefore, could be considered as potential agents for cancer chemoprevention.