• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.79-83
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• 2006

We successfully extirpated all four hemopoietic organ-wing disc complexes of the fifth instar larvae of Bombyx mori, and found that most of the treated silkworms could still develop into the moths. We investigated the changes of the circulating hemocytes and evaluated the effects of extirpation on the hemopoiesis. The results showed that proliferation of circulating hemocytes was sufficient to allow development of the silkworms which complexes were totally extirpated. We also found that hemopoietic organ-wing disc complexes extirpation might cause a certain hemopoietic compensation of the remainder complexes during early spinning. Exogenous hormones such as $20-{\beta}-hydroxyecdysone$ and juvenile hormone analog had a positive effect on hemocytes proliferation.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.35 no.1 s.136
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• pp.6-15
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• 2004

This study was performed to evaluate the hemopoietic effects of 6 species of deer antlers from origins and parts in vitro. CD34 positive cells were isolated and confirmed the its population by FACS analysis. In a week liquid culture, there was any statistical significance between extracts of three parts of six species of deer antlers in the experiments as colony forming assay, proliferation assay, differentiation assay and observation of morphology. However, after 2 weeks- culture with extracts of three parts of six species of deer antlers, colonies were counted. six species of deer antlers, such as middle part of Korean nippon deer, upper part of Chinese nippon deer, upper part of Newzealand horse deer, middle part of Korea horse deer and middle part of Newzealand red deer, significantly increased the CFU-GM (colony forming unit garnulocyte-macrophage) of CD34 positive cells re1atεd to production of leucocytes such as eosinophil, basophil and neutrophil, while only middle part of Korea horse deer significantly increased the BFU-E (burst forming unit-erythroid) at 1 mg/ml seggesting progenting red blood cells (RBC). In the molecular study with CD34+ cells pretreated with cyclophosphamide, antagonist of hemopoietic activity, upper Part of Korean nippon deer and upper part of Chinese nippon deer effectively increased TPO involved in a late pathway of hematopoiesis just like in ELISA assay of IL-3, TPO and GM-CSF. Taken together, these results indicate exσacts of deer antler had some hemopoietic activity still proposing more clinical study and more basic mechanism research.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.211.2-212
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• 2002

• THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN ORIENTAL ONCOLOGY
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.91-100
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• 1996

Radiotherapy is an irreplaceable method of cancer treatment but, it has various side effects, especially damage to the hemopoietic system. A lot of radioprotectors have been found but they also have toxic effects. Many kinds of crude drugs(Oriental Chinese medicine)with low toxicity have been reported to promote the recovery from radiation damage. Recently, the trial to combine radiotherapy with herbal treatment of cancer patients shows a desirable result, an enhancement in recovery of the blood system.. This study was performed to determine whether prescriptions to support the healthy energy and strengthen the body resistence, Buzhongyiqi-tang and Siliu-tang, promote the recovery of splenocytes of N:GP(s) mice from radiation damage. We investigated the proliferative effect of Buzhongyiqi-tang, Siliu-tang and EIB(ethanol insoluble fraction of Buzhongyiqi-tang) on N:GP(S)mice splenocytes before or after ${\gamma}$-irradiation. We also investigated the morphology of splenocytes cultured with these herbs. Buzhongyiqi-tang and Siliu-tang promoted the proliferation of splenocytes in a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml compared with normal control(p<0.001). After 1-5Gy of ${\gamma}$-irradiation they also showed the effect of recovery of hemopoietic cells, especially in Buzhongyiqi-tang(4Gy:p<0.005; 5Gy:p<0.05). In addition, EIB(ethanol insoluble fraction of Buzhongyiqi-tang) showed the highest proliferative effect of all agents suggesting that more effective fractions could be found from crude herbs or prescriptions. These results suggest that it is possible to make use of Buzhongyiqi-tang, Siliu-tang or EIB as radio-protective agents.

• THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN ORIENTAL ONCOLOGY
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.129-147
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• 1997

Radiotherapy is an irreplaceable method of cancer treatment. But it has several side effects, especially damages to the hemopoietic and Immune system. Therefore radioprotectors are required to treat cancer successfully. A lot of Herbs and Herbal prescriptions are reported to have radioprotective effects. Above all, those to support the healthy energy and strengthen the body resistance are found more effective. This study was performed to evaluate the radioprotective effects of prescription Shenrong Fuzheng Tang(S.F.T.), which consists of 16 kinds of herbs. We investigated proliferation of murine splenocytes, secretion of colony-stimulating-factors(CSFs), immunocompetence after irradiation in-vitro, and Endogenous spleen colony assay, survival assay in-vivo. When splenocytes were cultured with Shenrong Fuzheng $Tang(S.F.T.)(500{\mu}g/ml)$, proliferation was enhanced 5.7 times compared to control cultured with medium alone(p<0.05) and, showed highest proliferation at 4th day after incubation. In order to evaluate stimulation of hemopoiesis of Shenrong Fuzheng Tang(S.F.T.), the supernatant of splenocytes cultured with optimal concentration of Shenrong Fuzheng Tang(S.F.T.) was used to measure CSFs secretion. The result showed enhanced secretion of colony-stimulating-factors (CSFs) compared to control(p<0.05). To evaluate the protective effect of lymphocytes from irradiation, proliferation of splenocytes stimulated by LPS and ConA after incubation with Shenrong Fuzheng Tang(S.F.T.) for 24h Prior to Irradiation$(1{\sim}3\;Gy)$ was measured. The results showed higher proliferation of Shenrong Fuzheng Tang(S.F.T.) treated cells than that of non-treated cells. And percentage increases of irradiated splenocytes per non-irradiated splenocytes were also higher in Shenrong Fuzheng Tang (S.F.T.)-treated cells than control. Endogenous spleen colony assay. to evaluate the protection of hemopoietic cells from irradiation, showed increased number of colonies(p=0.03) in Shenrong Fuzheng Tang(S.F.T.) treated murine spleen$(10.3{\pm}1.9)$ compared to non-treated murine spleen$(3.4{\pm}0.8)$. Survival time of mice irradiated with lethal dose of ${\gamma}-ray(9Gy)$ was prolonged in Shenrong Fuzheng Tang(S.F.T.) treated group prior to irradiation as compared to non-treated group. According to these results we can suggest that prescription Shenrong Fuzheng Tang(S.F.T.) has radioprotective effects and can be used to protect the hemopoietic and immune system from damages of anti-cancer radiotherapy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.12
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• pp.1718-1723
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• 2009

This study was to investigate the protection of the extracts from four parts of deer antler in an anemia model induced by intravenous injection of phenylhydrazine·HCl (PHZ) at 10 mg/kg for 4 days. After PHZ injection, female Sprague-Dawley rats were administrated partial deer antler extract (200 mg/kg/day, p.o.) daily for 1 week. Results showed that sever hemolysis was induced by PHZ. For antler extract-treated groups, the concentration of hemoglobin, hematocrit and red blood cells number increased much more significantly than PHZ-treated group. Upper antler extract-treated group was more remarkable than other parts in suppressing the increase of reticulocyte in whole blood. Moreover, antler extract administration significantly improved serum erythropoietin concentration. The activity of $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid dehydrates (ALAD) in liver homogenate was increased in antler extract-treated groups, especially middle and base extract-treated groups showed statistical significance. These results could be concluded that the deer antler extract improved anemia induced by PHZ injection through improving hematological values, serum EPO value, ALAD enzyme activity.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.123-131
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• 2002

Objective : It is well known that modern chemotherapy against cancer has side effects to a living body, especially hemopoietic and immunologial disfunctions. However, there are no effective ways to reduce them. Recently, traditional Korean herb medicine has been reported to have some biological modifying responses. Therefore, we hypothesized that additional application of herb medicine during chemotherapy is more effective to reduce its side effects. While we were studying the effects, we have observed the inhibitory effect of Soamgudamikgitang on formation of side effects derived from Cyclophosphamide, it has been used in clinical practice at Kyung Hee Medical Center. Methods : We injected 200mg/kg of Cyclophosphamide, one time, to an experimental group, consisting of ten mice. We divided them into eight groups: normal, CPX, SAKT 2mg, SAKT 10mg, SAKT 50mg, SAKT 2mg, CPX, SAKT 10mg+CPX, SAKT 50mg+CPX. We injected Soamgudamikgitang seven days, five days, three days, and one day before we injected CPX. One day, three days, and five days after CPX injection, we injected Soamgudamikgitang again and then killed all the mice. The parameters determined in this experiment were daily body weight liver and spleen weight, RBC, WBC, and platelet for hemopoietic dysfunction and AST, ALT for hepatotoxicity, BUN, creatine for renal toxcity, lymphocyte proliferation activity and lymphocyte subsets for immunological toxcity. Results : We have found that Soamgudamikgitang has inhibitory effects on the formation of Cyclophosphamide's side effects. Significant differences between the group, which contained Cyclophosphamide, and the other group, which contains Cyclophosphamide and 2, 10, 50mg of Soamgudamikgitang respectively were observed. Platelets(2mg of Soamgudamikgitang, p<0.05 ;10mg, p<0.01 ;50mg, p<0.001), liver weight(50mg, p<0.01), spleen weight(10mg, p<0.05), AST(all groups, p<0.01), ALT(2mg, p<0.01 ;10mg, p<0.05 ;50mg, p<0.01), BUN(2mg, p<0.01 ;50mg, p<0.05). Although immunological in both lymphocyte proliferation and its subsets were not observed, which shows that Soamgudamikgitang has a strong effect on T cell activities. Conclusions : From the above results, we can expect that the combined therapy of Soamgudamikgitang and Cyclophosphamide is more effective for treating cancer patients.

• CELLMED
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.2.1-2.9
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• 2022

The study has been carried out for the comparative analysis of relevant literature in order to highlight the present topic "Clinical study on effect on Virechana karma (therapeutic purgation)". Total no. of 40 cases has been selected from OPD and IPD of Panchakarma department, through proper history taking and clinical examination prior to VirechanaKarma. Only VirechanaKarmaYogya subjects were selected for the VirechanaKarma. Analysis of VirechanKarma on the basis of Vegiki (purgative bouts), Maniki (quantity), Langiki (clinical features) and Aantiki (end product) features were done in this study. In this study a highly significant relief was found in patients i.e. p<0.001 due to Virechana mainly vitiated PittaDosha (the heat energy in the body) and secondary Kaphadosha (mucus) and VataDosha (subtle energy associated with movement) are being expelled out which might have accounted for better relief in VirechanYogya (indicated) individuals (Pitta Pradhan Vyadhi (vitiated pitta), RaktajRoga (hemopoietic diseases), ShodhanYogyaAvastha (detoxification), etc.) in the above group of patients. VirechanaDravyas have properties like Tikshna (hyperfunction), Sukshma(subtle), Ushna (heat), etc. are described in Ayurvedic classics which play a vital role in the mode of action of VirechanaKarma has also been explained under probable mode of action.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.291-299
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• 2020

Background: Ginseng (G) and Ligustrum lucidum Ait (LLA) are core traditional Chinese medicines in treating myelosuppression formula. The present study was designed to profile effect of G and LLA herb pair (G-LLA) on myelosuppressed mice. Methods: The mice myelosuppression model was established by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of cyclophosphamide (Cy). Hematopoietic function of bone marrow was measured by hemopoietic progenitor cell culture and peripheral blood count, and serum hemopoietic factors were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Bone marrow cell cycle was performed by flow cytometry. HPLC was used to measure 20 potential chemical components related to myelosuppression, including ginsenoside Rg₁, Re, Rb₁, Rc, Rb₂, Rb₃, Rd, Rk₃, Rh₄, 20 (S)-Rg₃, 20 (R)-Rg₃, Rk₁, Rg₅, salidroside, and so on. Results: G, LLA, and G-LLA improved the amount of peripheral blood cells and bone marrow cells of myelosuppressed mice (P < 0.01). They significantly increased the colony quantity of colony-forming unit-granulocyte macrophage, burst-forming unit-erythroid, colony-forming unit-erythroid, and colony-forming unit-megakaryocyte and amount of G₂/M and S phase cells (P < 0.01). They also significantly decreased the amount of hematopoiesis-related cytokines (P < 0.01). The content of chemical components in G-LLA changed, and the change of rare saponin was the most obvious. Conclusion: These results show that G-LLA herb pair might produce synergistic or complementary compatibility effects on bone marrow suppression after chemotherapy. It suggests that the substance basis of G-LLA for treating bone marrow suppression may be effective chemical components.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.127-137
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• 1996

This study was performed to investigate the toxicity of DA-125 in beagle dogs, an anthracycline antitumor antibiotic. The dogs were administered DA-125 i.v. at 0.0023, 0.0375, 0.15 and 0.6 mg/kg/day, 6 days/week for 26 weeks. At 0.6 mg/kg, all male and female dogs were either sacrificed moribundly or dead during the 26-week treatment. The dogs revealed inactivity, salivation, dark bloody discharge, swelling of the subcutaneous injection site, abscess, and ulceration in the abdominal wall and legs. At 0.15 mg/kg, anorexia, salivation, and swelling of the injection site were observed. The food consumption was decreased with a statistical significance at 6 and 12 weeks treatment in males of 7.6 mg/kg. At 0.0375, 0.15 and 0.6 mg/kg, body weights were decreased significantly in a dose-related fashion after 17 weeks treatment. Total white blood cell counts for male dogs at 0.6 mg/kg were lower than those of control dogs after 13 weeks treatment, which appeared mainly due to decreased neutrophils. At 0.15 mg/kg, testicular atrophy was found in all males by gross pathology and the testicular weights were significantly decreased when compared to those of control males. Microscopically, the testis showed moderate atrophy of the seminiferous tubules and marked decrease in number of spermatozoa in the epididymal tubules. At 0.6 mg/kg, petechia or echymotic hemorrhage was observed in gastrointestinal tract, heart, lungs, and other organs at the necropsy, Marked atrophy of thymus were observed in both males and females. In addition, severe testicular atrophy was noted in all males. Microscopically, gastrointestinal tract showed hemorrhage, epithelial denudation, hypermucus secretion, and atrophy of intestinal villi. Seminiferous tubules of the atrophic testis were lined with Sertoli cells only and devoid of germ cells. Severe oligospermia or aspermia was present in the epididymal tubules. Bone marrow showed marked depletion of hemopoietic cells. In addition, marked atrophy was found in the lymphoid tissue of gastrointestinal tract, various Iymph nodes, and thymus. Injection sites showed marked inflammatory response with necrosis, necrotizing vasculitis, thrombus formation, and ulceration in the skin. According to the present results, no observed effect level appeared to be 0.0375 mg/kg. At 0.15 mg/kg, testis was a target organ, while at 0.6 mg/kg hemopoietic tissue, gastrointestinal tract, and testis were considered to be target organs. At 0.6 mg/kg the test compound seems to inflict a damage on the blood vessels causing hemorrhage in the various organs and tissues.