• PNF and Movement
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.83-91
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was both to examine the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) lower leg taping and treadmill training on the gait and balance abilities of patients with hemiplegia resulting from a stroke and to provide a taping method based on the PNF concept. Methods: Twenty patients with hemiplegia resulting from a stroke were randomly and equally assigned to a control group (n=10), which received treadmill training, and to an experimental group (n=10), which received PNF lower leg taping and treadmill training. The intervention was conducted five times per week for six weeks. In order to measure changes in the gait ability of the subjects, a 10-meter walking test (10MWT) and a 6-minute walking test (6MWT) were conducted, and in order to measure changes in the subjects' balance ability, a timed up and go test (TUG) was performed. In order to compare differences within each group before and after the intervention, a paired-t test was carried out, and in order to compare differences between the two groups, the analysis of covariance was utilized. All statistical significance levels were set at ${\alpha}=0.05$. Results: There were significant differences before and after the intervention within both groups in changes of 10MWT, 6MWT, and TUG (p<0.01). Regarding differences between the two groups, the experimental group underwent more effective changes than the control group in 6MWT and TUG (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study applied PNF lower leg taping and treadmill training to patients with hemiplegia resulting from a stroke, and this resulted in improvement in the subjects' gait and balance abilities. Taping and treadmill training based on the PNF concept is considered to be usefully applied as one of the programs to improve hemiplegic patients' gait and balance abilities.

• 대한물리의학회지
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.21-30
• /
• 2022

PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of treadmill training with taping on the affected ankle joint on the gait and balancing ability in patients with sub-acute stroke. METHODS: Nineteen patients with sub-acute hemiplegic stroke in a rehabilitation hospital were assigned randomly to either the experimental group (n = 10), who received treadmill training with taping on the affected ankle joint or the control group (n = 9), who received general treadmill training. All participants performed 60 min of comprehensive rehabilitation therapy (five sessions per week for four weeks). Each group received treadmill training with or without taping on the affected ankle joint for 20 min (three sessions per week for four weeks). The gait and balancing ability were measured before and after the four-week training. RESULTS: Post-training scores of 10-meter walk test (10 MWT), timed up and go (TUG) test, and center of pressure (COP) path length and velocity for the experimental group increased significantly compared to that pre-training (p < .05). The experimental group showed a larger decrease in the 10 MWT and TUG test than the control group (-3.5 s vs. -1.01 s, p < .05; -4.9 s vs. -1.7 s, p < .05; respectively) CONCLUSION: Treadmill training with taping on the affected ankle joint might improve the gait and balancing ability of stroke patients and is considered a more effective method for improving gait and balancing ability than the method of general treadmill training.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.351-367
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study was to identity effects of virtual reality(VR) program related to standing postural control on balance, gait and brain activation patterns in chronic hemiplegic stroke patients. Subjects were assigned randomly to either VR group (n=12) or the control group (n=12) when the study began. Both groups received conventional physical therapy for 2 to 3 times per week. In addition to conventional physical therapies, VR group trained 3 types of virtual reality programs using IREX for standing postural control during 4 weeks (4 times/week, 30 minutes/time). Subjects were assessed for static and dynamic balance parameters using BPM, functional balance using Berg Balance Scale related to movement of paretic lower limb before and after 4 weeks of virtual reality training. The results of this study were as follows. 1. Following VR training, VR group demonstrated the marked improvement on dynamic mean balance, anteroposterior limits of stability (AP angle) and mediolateral limits of stability (ML angle). 2. Following VR training, both groups scored higher on Berg Balance Scale. However, a comparison of mean change revealed differences between groups. In conclusion, these data suggest that the postural control training using VR programs improve dynamic and functional balance performance in chronic hemiplegic stroke patients.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.11-19
• /
• 2016

Background: In the stroke patients with the characteristics of hemiplegic gait, turning direction of the affected and unaffected side influences turning time. Therefore, it is important to investigate the walking response to turning directions in stroke patients. Objects: This study aimed to measure the walking time while turning direction in hemiplegic patients depending on balance ability measured by Berg Balance Scale. Methods: A group of forty-five subjects with stroke (Berg Balance Scale score${\geq}46$ were twenty-eight, Berg Balance Scale score${\leq}45$ were seventeen) were enrolled in this study. Subjects were asked to perform the Timed Up and Go test. Testing indications included two directions for turning in each subject. These indications were for turning toward the affected and unaffected side in stroke patients. The duration of total analysis duration, sit to stand phase, stand to sit phase, mid-turning phase, and end turning phase were recorded. The obtained data were analyzed by using paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test in the group that are below and above 45 points of Berg Balance Scale score. The significance level was set at ${\alpha}=.05$. Results: There were significant increase time in the analysis duration and end turning phase duration while subjects were turned the unaffected side in stroke patients that presented a Berg Balance Scale score${\leq}45$ (p<.05). However, the comparison between the affected side and the unaffected side in the stroke patients with Berg Balance Scale score${\geq}46$, revealed no significant differences of the measured parameters. Conclusion: This finding should be suggested in the specific definition of turning direction for evaluation with Timed Up and Go test in the Berg Balance Scale score${\leq}45$, and other intervention for hemiplegic patients need to be suggested the direction of turning during walking training program.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.17-29
• /
• 1998

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between sitting and standing balance in acute stroke patients and gait outcome, and to determine appropriate test times. The subjects of this study were 20 hemiplegic patients who had been hospitalized in Sangji University Oriental Medical Hospital from August 26, 1997 through November 3, 1997. Twenty patients with cerebral infarcts had sitting and standing balance assessed on the 5th day and 10th day of stroke onset. Gait outcome was assessed 5 weeks later using the MMAS (Modified Motor Assessment Scale) score. The data were analyzed by the Spearman's Rho test and Wilcoxon signed rank test. The results were as follows: 1) Correlation coefficients between sitting balance on the 5th day and 10th day after their stroke and gait outcome 5 weeks after their stroke were $r_s$=0.89 and $r_s$=0.83, respectively. All of the sitting balance data significantly correlated with gait outcome (p<0.05). 2) Correlation coefficients between standing balance on the 5th day and 10th day after their stroke and gait outcome 5 weeks after their stroke were $r_s$=0.82 and $r_s$=0.87, respectively. All of the standing balance data significant1y correlated with gait outcome (p<0.05). 3) The difference between sitting balance scores on the 5th day and 10th day after stroke onset were statistically significant (p<0.05). But the difference between standing balance scores on the 5th day and 10th day after stroke onset were not statistically significant (p>0.05). In conclusion, sitting and standing balance tests on the 5th day and 10th day after their stroke appear to be predictive of gait outcome. Also, the result of this study can provide reference for appropriate test times as an assessment of sitting and standing balance in stroke patients.

• 국제물리치료학회지
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.2126-2134
• /
• 2020

Background: Therapeutic climbing training, which originated in Germany, is a wall-hanging rock climbing-based therapy to increase the body's coordination through movement of the upper and lower limbs against gravity. However, there are no studies examining the effectiveness of therapeutic climbing training to treat balance and gait ability in patients with chronic stroke. Objectives: To investigate therapeutic climbing training program on balance and gait in patients with chronic stroke. Design: Pretest-posttest control group design. Methods: Fourteen patients with chronic hemiplegic stroke participated. Participants were randomized into the therapeutic climbing training group (TCTG, n=7) and the standard rehabilitation program group (SRPG, n=7) group. All subjects participated in the same standard rehabilitation program consisting of 60 minutes 5 times a week for 6 weeks. TCTG participated additionally in the therapeutic climbing program consisting of 30 minutes sessions 3 times a week for the same 6 weeks. Berg balance scale (BBS), Gaitview Measure, Timed up and go test (TUG) were measured. Results: In the TCTG, revealed a statistical difference in BBS between the groups; in the difference of plantar pressure ratio in the static standing position revealed a statistical difference between the groups after training; the balance ability in the one-leg standing tests increased significantly; the time in TUG decreased significantly after training in both groups; The changes in the difference of dynamic plantar pressure ratio were reduced significantly in the TCTG. Conclusion: Therapeutic climbing training contribute to improve balance and walking function in patients with chronic stroke.

• 재활간호학회지
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.193-204
• /
• 2002

This study was a quasi-experimental study of nonequivalent control group pretest- posttest design to investigate the effect of aerobic walking exercise program on the physical & psychological functions of home stayed stroke patients. The data were collected during the period of May 20th to August 15th, 2001. The subjects for this study were 40 hemiplegic stroke patients with the experimental group consisting of 19 patients and the control group being composed of 21 patients. The patients selected for this study were: (a)living in J city who had been diagnosed with stroke and at home after being discharged from the hospital, (b)suffering from stroke for 6 months to 5 years, (c)without recognition disorder with the MMSE-K score above 25, (d)below 2 on the modified Ashworth scale, (e)free from heart and pulmonary disease (f)able to walk beyond 15 minutes for themselves. The aerobic walking exercise program for the experimental group was aerobic exercise and education and supportive care. The aerobic exercise was 8 weeks' period, three times a week, 35 to 50 minutes a day. And the education and supportive care was consisted of one home visiting and 2 times telephoning a week. The data were analysed by $X^2$-test, paired t-test and unpaired t-test and ANCOVA through SAS/PC program. The results of the study were as follows: 1. There was insignificant difference in the gait length experimental and control group. There was significant difference in the gait speed between the two groups. 2. There was significant difference in the dynamic valance between the two groups. 3. There was significant difference in ADL score between the two groups. 4. There was no significant difference in the depression between the two groups. As shown above, the results of 8 weeks' the aerobic walking exercise program for home stayed stroke patients produced positive effects on gait speed, dynamic valance, ADL score. And this program was expected that it was more effective in different intervention period, verified program. Also it was needed follow study.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.207-215
• /
• 2019

본 연구는 뇌졸중 편마비 환자 12명을 대상으로 지팡이 높이에 따라 선 자세 시 양측 발의 압력, 보행 시 보행 속도의 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. 선 자세 시 발의 압력은 풋스캔(Foot scan system, 한국)을 사용하여 측정하였다. 보행 시 보행 속도 차이는 Optogait를 사용하여 측정하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 비 마비 측 발의 압력에서 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 높이, 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 위 5cm, 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 위 10cm 순으로 큰 값을 나타내었으며 유의한 차이가 있었다. 마비 측 발의 압력은 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 위 10cm, 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 위 5cm, 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 순으로 큰 값을 나타내었으며 유의한 차이가 있었다. 이는 지팡이 높이가 높을수록 마비측으로 무게중심이 이동하여 체중지지율이 높아진 것을 알 수 있었다. 보행 속도는 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 위 5cm, 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 10cm, 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 높이에서 미세한 차이는 보였으나 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 이는 지팡이 높이가 보행 속도 능력을 변화시킬 만큼 크지 않았다는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 본 논문은 지팡이 높이가 뇌졸중 편마비 환자의 선 자세 시 체중지지율과 보행 시 보행 속도에 대해 알아보고자 하였으며, 차후 임상에서 뇌졸중 편마비 환자들의 지팡이를 적용한 선 자세 또는 보행을 위한 치료에서 지팡이 높이를 설정할 때 기초자료를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제11권9호
• /
• pp.3353-3357
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 만성 뇌졸중 환자를 대상으로 시각리듬자극(rhythmic visual stimulation, RVS)을 이용한 보행 운동을 적용하여 보행과 고유수용성감각에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 뇌졸중으로 6개월 이상 장애를 가진 21명이 연구에 참여하였고 실험군 10명과 대조군 11명으로 나누었다. 대조군은 14m의 보행로가 확보된 공간에서 준비운동 5분, 보행운동 20분, 정리운동 5분 씩 주 3회, 4주간 12회를 실시하였고, 실험군은 대조군의 운동프로그램과 같은 조건에서 보행운동시 시각리듬자극(RVS)을 추가적으로 적용하였다. 운동 전 후에 보행과 고유수용성감각을 측정하여 효과를 비교하였다. 통계처리 방법으로 실험 전?후 차이를 검증하기 위하여 Wilcoxon 부호 순위 검정을 실시하였고 대조군과의 차이 검증을 위하여 공분산분석 검정을 실시하였다. 모든 통계적 유의수준은 p<0.05로 하였다. 본 연구의 결과 시각리듬자극(RVS)이 적용된 실험군에서 보행속도와 분속수, Timed up and go test(TUG) 시간이 유의하게 증가하였고(p<.05), 고유수용성감각이 유의하게 증가하였다(p<.05). 결론적으로 시각리듬자극(RVS)을 이용한 보행운동이 만성 뇌졸중 환자의 보행과 고유수용성감각에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 향후 만성 뇌졸중 환자에게 음악적 요소인 시각리듬자극(RVS)이 정신적 육체적 기능을 상실한 뇌졸중 환자의 재활치료 프로그램에 적용하는 연구가 필요할 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.83-101
• /
• 2004

The propose of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of the partial body weight support during treadmill training on the ambulation in elderly with chronic stroke. Fourteen hemiplegic volunteers participated and were divided into an experimental and control groups. In the experimental group, the body weight support during treadmill training was performed 3 times per week for 6 weeks. In the control group, usual treadmill training was applied. Before and after experiments, temporal-spatial gait parameters were measured. The date of 14 patients who carried out the whole experimental course were statistically analyzed. The results of the study were : 1. In the comparison of gait velocity before and after experiment, the gait velocity was significantly increased in the experimental group and the control group(p<.05). In the comparison of difference of the gait velocity between groups, there was not, significant difference between the experimental group and the control group(p>.05). 2. In comparison of gait cadence before and after experiment, the gait cadence was significantly increased in both groups(p<.05). In the comparison of difference of the gait cadence between groups, there was not significant difference between the experimental group and the control group(p>.05). 3. In the comparison of step length before and after experiment, the step length was significantly increased in the experimental group and the control group(p<.05). In the comparison of difference of the step length between groups, there was not significant difference between the experimental group and the control group(p>.05). 4. In the comparison of single support time asymmetry before and after experiment, the single support time asymmetry was no significant difference between groups(p>.05). In the comparison of difference of the single support time asymmetry between groups, there was not significant difference between the experimental group and the control group(p>.05). 5. In the comparison of step length asymmetry before and. after experiment, the step length asymmetry was not significant difference between the experimental group and the control group(p>.05). In the comparison of difference of the single step length asymmetry between groups, there was not significant difference between the experimental group and the control group(p>.05).