• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.165-171
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• 2003

Sixty semen ejaculates collected at weekly interval from four Murrah Buffalo bulls over a period of seven months (Nov.1999 to May 2000) were used in the present study. Three buffer medium (sodium citrate, TES and Tris) were used for soaking of sephadex. Three grades of sephadex (G-15,G-100, and G-200) were used for preparation of columns. Columns of three different height (one, two and three cm) were used for separation of semen. Twenty semen ejaculates were used in each project. In the first experiment each semen ejaculates was divided into four parts. One part was kept as control and other three parts were passed thought one cm column of sephadex G-15 prepared in three different buffers. There was significant (p<0.05) increase in percent progressive sperm motility and percent live spermatozoa and decrease in percent abnormal spermatozoa and percent spermatozoa with damaged acrosome as well as sperm numbers after filtration through all the three columns. Sperm quality obtained in the filtrate of column prepared in Tris buffer was better in comparison to other two buffers. So the Tris buffer was used in the second trial. Twenty semen ejaculates were used in this experiment. Each semen ejaculate was divided into four parts. One part was kept as control (non-filtered) and other three parts were passed through columns of different grade of sephadex (G-15, G-100 and G-200). Progressive sperm motility and live sperm percentage improved significantly while decline in percent abnormal spermatozoa and percent spermatozoa with damaged acrosome and sperm concentration was observed after filtration through all the columns as compared to control (non-filtered) semen. Since post filtration quality of semen was better in the sephadex G-100 column, therefore it was selected for the next experiment. In third experiment, Tris buffer and sephadex G-100 were used for preparing columns of different height (one, two and three cm) and twenty semen ejaculates were filtered. The quality characteristics of semen (percent progressive sperm motility, percent live spermatozoa and sperm concentration) after filtration through one cm column were significantly (p<0.05) higher than after filtration through columns of two and three cm height. However non -significant (p>0.05) difference due to height of columns was observed for percent abnormal and percent damaged acrosome but 1 cm column comparatively gave better result than of 2 and 3 cm column height.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2009년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.1177-1181
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• 2009

Heat loss from a convective rectangular profile annular fin with variable inside fluid heat transfer coefficient and fin height is calculated by using both the one dimensional analytic method and two dimensional variables separation method. Heat loss from the two dimensional method and the relative error of heat loss between the one dimensional method and two dimensional method are presented as a function of the fin length, ambient convection characteristic number and fin height. One of the results shows that the relative error of heat loss between one dimensional method and two dimensional method is within 0.7% in the range of given parameters in this study.

• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2008

많은 수치 정점 정보를 사용하지 않는 대신 기하의 높이 정보를 저장한 높이 맵을 사용하여 복잡한 표면을 표현하는 기법은 많이 연구되어 왔다. 하지만 단층으로 구성된 높이 맵은 표면으로부터의 각 위치 당 한 개의 높이 정보를 저장하고 있으므로 복잡하고 오목한 물체를 표현할 수 없다. 이 논문에서는 다층으로 구성된 높이 맵을 사용하여 단일 높이 정보로는 재구성할 수 없는 복잡한 물체를 정확하게 그리는 방법에 대하여 소개한다. 우리는 그리고자 하는 장면의 높이 값을 텍스처의 각 채널에 높이에 따라 순차적으로 저장한 다층 높이 맵의 높이 정보가 2채널 마다 쌍을 이루며 기하 블록을 구성하는 점에 착안하였다. 안전하고 정확한 광선 탐색은 다증 높이 맵의 1, 3번 째 채널은 높이의 최대값을 2, 4번 째 채널은 높이의 최소값을 사용하여 이미지 피라미드를 구성함으로써 이루어진다. 이런 구조에서의 광선 탐색은 선형 탐색에 기반 한 기존의 방식들이 스침각에서 화질이 현저히 낮아지는 문제를 개선하였으며 실시간에서 표현이 가능하다.

• 한국해안해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해안해양공학회 2003년도 한국해안해양공학발표논문집
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• pp.376-381
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• 2003

The reliability analysis of overtopping probability is proposed. In order to estimate the expected overtopping probability of the rubble mound breakwater, the experimental results of individual wave runup height is applied for the analysis of irregular wave system. The joint distribution of wave heights and periods is used for the input data of runup calculation because the runup height depends on the wave height and period. The runup heights during the one event that the design wave attacks the rubble mound breakwater extend to the one life cycle of 60 years. Utilizing the Monte-Carlo method, the one life cycle is tried more about 60 times for obtaining the expected value of overtopping probability. It is found that the inclusion of the variability of wave tidal and wave steepness has great influence on the computation of the expected overtopping probability of rubble mound breakwater. The previous design disregarding the tidal fluctuation largely overestimates or underestimates the expected overtopping probability depending on tidal range and wave steepness.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2018

Fused deposition Modeling (FDM) is one of the most widely used for the prototype of parts at ease. The FDM 3D printing method is a lamination manufacturing method that the resin is melted at a high temperature and piled up one by one. Another term is also referred to as FFF (Fused Filament Fabrication). 3D printing technology is mainly used only in the area of prototype production, not in production of commercial products. Therefore, if FDM 3D printer is applied to the product process of commercial products when considered, the strength and dimensional accuracy of the manufactured product is expected to be important. In this study, the mechanical properties of parts made by 3D printing with FDM method were investigated. The aim of this work is to examine how the mechanical properties of the FDM parts, by changing of processing FDM printing direction and the height of stacking layer is affected. The effect of the lamination direction and the height of the stacking layer, which are set as variables in the lamination process, by using the tensile specimen and impact specimen after the FDM manufacturing process were investigated and analyzed. The PLA (Poly Lactic Acid) was used as the filament materials for the 3D printing.

• 대한인간공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한인간공학회 1997년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.95-99
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• 1997

Most studies in manual material handling (MMH) have paid more attention to single MMH activities-lifting, lowering, carrying, holding, pushing or pulling and have ignored combined activities. Also, many studies have been involved with two-handed MMH activities rather than to one-handed MMH activities. Very few studies are reported on the determination of workers' capacities for combinations of one-handed MMH activities (e.g. lifting a box, then carrying the box, and lowering the box). The objective of this study was to utilize the psychophysical approach to examine the combinations of lifting, carrying and lowering activities from a simulated industrial task involving one- handed and two-handed combined tasks and to develop mathematical models for combined tasks. Ten male students served as subjects for the study. The capacities that were determined as the maximum acceptable weight workloads for 1 hr work period for one-handed and two-handed combined tasks-lifting a box from floor to knuckle height, carrying the box for 4.3 m, and lowering the box form knuckle to floor height -were determined psychophysically under three frequencies: six handlings per minute, one handling per minute and one handling per five minutes. Combined MMH capacities models for one-handed tasks were developed. Te advantages and disadvantages of different models are discussed.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.91-99
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• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of mowing height, rolling, N-fertilizing, and season on green speed(i.e., ball-roll distance) for developing and implementing a program of increasing green speed in Korean golf courses. Data were subjected to multi-regression analysis using SPSSWIN(Statistical Package for the Social Science), which collected from Yong-Pyong golf course greens selected to investigate. The results was as follows. 1) The multi-regression analysis of mowing height, rolling times, and N-fertilizer application rates on spring green speed was as follows; $Y_1$(spring green speed)=4.287+0.155X$_1$(rolling times)-0.131X$_2$(the amount of N-fertilizing)-0.251X$_3$(mowing height). 2) The multi-regression analysis of mowing height, rolling times, and N-fertilizer application rates on summer green speed was as follows; $Y_2$(summer green speed)=4.833-0.423X$_3$(mowing height)+0.146X$_1$(rolling times)-0.107X$_2$(the amount of N-fertilizing). 3) The multi-regression analysis of mowing height, rolling times, and N-fertilizer application rates on fall green speed was as follows; $Y_3$(fall green speed)=4.651-0.383X$_3$(mowing height)+0.142X$_1$(rolling times)-0.103X$_2$(the amount of N-fertilizing). 4) As mowing height was lowered by 1mm, green speed increased by 0.251~0.423m. As rolling times increased by 1(one), green speed increased by0.142~0.15m. As the amount of N-fertilizing increased by 1g/$m^2$, green speed decreased by 0.103~0.131m. The season also affected green speed. In comparison with spring green speed, summer green speed decreased by 0.145m and fall green speed decreased by 0.144m.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.8-12
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in simple radiographic parameters and results of 3-D scan among normal and patient groups. Materials and Methods: Seventy subjects in each group were studied. Control group consisted of subjects without plantar foot pain (normal group), and two patient groups were one with plantar forefoot pain (metatarsalgia group), the other with plantar heel pain (heel pain group). Simple radiographic parameters were obtained and 3-D scan was done with foot scanner (Nexscan, K&I, Korea) and The height and volumn of the space under the medial longitudinal arch was analyzed (Enfoot, K&I, Korea). These parameters were compared and correlation between radiological parameters and results of the 3-D scan were studied. Results: The results of all parameters istributed normally. There was no signigicant differences among the groups in radiological parameters (talo-first metatarsal angle, calcaneal pitch angle and height of the talar head in standing lateral radiograph) and arch height and arch volumn on 3-D scan. There were statistically significant correlations between radiological and 3-D scan results. Conclusion: This study revealed that there is no significant differences in medial longitudinal arch height and volumn among normal and different patient groups and there are variety of arch height in patients with similar symptoms.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2008

The tillage depth control system is one of the most salient control system of tractor implements. A contact-type height sensor was developed to measure ground clearance for the tillage depth control. The height sensor was fabricated in this study, and its efficacy in a tillage depth control system was evaluated. Experiments were conducted in order to determine both static and dynamic detection characteristics of the height sensor using soil bin system on the sampled soil (sandy loam, sand, clay loam). The results of the static detection characteristics showed that in the case, sandy loam soil despite and clay loam soil at a wet basis moisture content of 30%, large measurement errors were observed a due to penetration of a plastic puck into the sampled soil. The results of the dynamic detection characteristics showed that the height sensor detected the distance from the ground of sandy loam soil despite the uneven nature of the ground surface and the changes in traveling speed $1km/h{\sim}5km/h$ at a wet basis moisture content of 10%.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.132-137
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to examine the influence of anthropometric measurements of pregnant women, gestational weight gain, fundal height, and maternal factors, namely age, education, family income, parity along with maternal hemoglobin, on birth weight of neonates. A cross sectional study was performed in Khoy City in north west of Iran. Four hundred and fifty healthy pregnant women in the age between 16-40 years were selected for this study from seven health urban centers and one referral hospital. Findings showed that the mean age, height, fundal height, maternal weight, and gestational weight gain during pregnancy were 26.1 years, 159.1 cm, 32.9 cm, 72.0 kg, 11.8 kg respectively. The mean birth weight of neonates was 3.2 kg and 11% of neonates showed low birth weight. Age, family income, maternal height, weight, gestational weight gain and fundal height were significantly associated with birth weight of neonates. Using binary logistic regression analysis, fundal height, maternal hemoglobin, family income and gestational weight gain of pregnant women could be considered as predictive factors of birth weight of neonates.