• 모자간호학회지
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• v.1
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• pp.34-44
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• 1991

The purposes of this study were to predict newborn birthweight by use of gestational period and fundal height and to identify growth curve of fundal height according to gestational period and growth curve of newborn birthweight according to fundal height. The subjects for the study were 802 women who delivered the normal newborn babies at Seoul National University Hospital from Sep. 1, 1981 to Aug.31, 1986. The data were collected bit chart review and analyzed nth SPSS program. The results of study were as follows : 1. The multiple regression equation ($R^2$=0.416) used for the prediction of newborn birthweight was y=(newborn birthweight, kg)=-4.421+0.075$x_1$(fundal height, cm)+0.053$x_2$(gestational period, weeks)+0.016$x_3$(abdominal girth, cm)+0.010$x_4$(maternal height, cm) 2. The growth curve of fundal height according to gestational period was obtained by polynomial regression. The regression equation was Y(fundal height, cm)=-36.78+18.58$log_ex$(gestational period, weeks) The growth curve of newborn birth weight according to fundal height was obtained by polynomial regression. The regression equation was Y(newborn birthweight, kg)=-8.09+3.27$log_ex$ (Fundal Height, cm) 3. In the following subgroups no significant difference was found in fundal height : engaged vs. nonengaged presentation, and nulliparous vs. multiparous women.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.31 no.9
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• pp.793-801
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• 2022

This study was carried out to provide basic data for logical forest management by developing a site index curve reflecting the current growth characteristics of Cryptomeria japonica stands in Korea. The height growth model was developed using the Chapman-Richards, Schumacher, Gompertz, and Weibull algebraic difference equations, which are widely used in growth estimation, for data collected from 119 plots through the 7th National Forest Inventory and stand survey. The Chapman-Richards equation, with the highest model fit, was selected as the best equation for the height growth model, and a site index curve was developed using the guide curve method. To compare the developed site index curve with that on the yield table, paired T-tests with a significance level of 5% were performed. The results indicated that there were no significant differences between the site index curve values at all ages, and the p-value was smaller after the reference age than before. Therefore, the site index curve developed through this study reflects the characteristics of the changing growth environment of C. japonica stands and can be used in accordance with the site index curve on the current yield table. Thus, this information can be considered valuable as basic data for reasonable forest management.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.74-86
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• 1991

This study tried to clear the characteristics of height growth pattern depending on Peak Height Velocity age in early, average and late groups. And in it, height growth tendency of girl students in age 7 to 18 years old was compared and investigated in order to know influencing factors, menarcheal age relation. The samples were senior girl students at high school in Seoul. Longitudinal data and survey data were collected in August, 1990. The results could be summarized as follows: 1. On distance curve, the height growth line in early group tended to be the highest and in late group the lowest. On the other hand, on velocity curve late group showed the highest peak and early group showed the lowest peak. In late group, velocity curve was too steep. Of course, these early, average and late groups were classified by PHV age. 2. In these three groups, late group showed the most growth amount per year. However, on distance curve, early group showed higher line than late group. Perhaps this means that peak growth amount in late group might have an effect on mean. 3. Growth amount of adolescence spurt age in these three groups was 6.86cm at age 9(early group), 7.27cm at l1(average group) and 7.65cm at 13(late group). In early group, because. PHV age came too early, it was difficult to find exact adolescence spurt period. In early group, the adolescence spurt period is considered to come at about age 7 to 9. In average group, at 9 to 11 and at 12 to 13 in late group. Especially, spurt of late group was remarkable. 4. When the growth amount of PA, before PA and after PA was compared, growth amount of PA in all three groups was about 20%. In early group, growth amount of APV tended to be large and in late group, that of APV tended to be large and in late group, that of BPV was large. In average group, growth amount of BPV was larger than that of APV. 5. For the purpose of comparing total height growth amount of these groups at age 18, the height growth was assumed to be over. And then, the difference of three groups was studied but it's not significant. 6. Although the difference between height growth and family environment, dietary habits, exercise, disease history in these three groups was investigated, only the income was significant. The significance of all the other factors was not approved. 7. When menarcheal age was compared with PA, generally we know menarche appeared after 1∼2 years of PHV age. But in case of early group, the difference between PHV age and menarcheal age was 5.34 years. In average group, 2.45 years and 0.82 years in late group.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.31-40
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• 1974

The age of maximum growth increments-the adolescent spurt-is not only of developmental interest but is used as a marker for timing other growth events. And the mandibular growth rate follows the general growth curve, it is essential for an orthodontist to take the current and exact information about physical growth of patients. The author measured and studied the body height and weight of 11,694 children living in Seoul, and calculated out the mean, standard deviation, coefficient value, annual increments, percentage increments of each value, and made diagram to compare it with others. 1. The growth curve shows linear increment tendency until 17 years of age in male, 15 years in female. 2. The annual increment curves of body height and weight reveals the most peak value in 14-16 years in male and 11-14 years in female. 3. During 11-14 years of age, female growth exceed the male growth in the body height growth. And in weight growth, female growth exceed the male growth during 6-7 years and 11-12 years to show twice crossing. 4. It seemed that until 11-12 years in male and until 9-10 years in female the height growth show the priority to weight growth. And from 17 years in male and 15 years in female the body growth reveals the balanced growth pattern. 5. The time of changes of standard deviation curves of body height and weight coincided with that of annual increments. 6. The prominent high value of body height and weight in the comparison with other data may be due to the secioeconomical and nutritional, environmental influence. 7. The growth accerlation phenomena was detectable.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 1974

The objects of this study are to induce the experimental equation suitable to estimate the height growing process, and to get some information that could be to reduce the error percent on determining the site index. The height growing process per sample plot were made up from the height age curve getted through the stem-analysis of the dominant tree. The 11 equations were calculated in the functional formulas between the age and the dominant height of Alnus hirsuta, Larix leptolepsis, L. Gmelini, P. koraiensis, Abies holophylla, P. rigida, Q. acutissima and Q. aliena. The suitable equation for estimating the guide curve were selected with the highest correlation and the low standard error with comparision on the age-height distributed map as Fig. 2. The suitable equation is different between the species as their calculated results as follows; The growing process of tree height are occasionally found to be polymorphous in the growth pattern as Fig. 3. By this result, the site index are practically found to be always not constant but shows variation to age in same plot as example 5. So, that the site index are estimated from the height-growth curve to age drawing by the stem-analysis or the polymorphic-curve, are concluded to be suitable on the study of site evaluation.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.88-102
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• 1992

The exact estimation of physical growth by Obesity level has important meaning to the health care and evaluation on adolescent girls. So this study tried to clear the relationship between weight and body fat by using data for the height, weight of 124 elementary school children and high school student in Seoul. Then this study tried to show the physical growth pattern and various characteristics by Obesity level by using longitudinal for the height, weight of 1113 high school students in Seoul, and it also tried to show what influencing factors on the physical growth of this aged population. The result could be summarized as follows. 1. The relationship between weight and body fat(%) has 0.81475(r) at age 9 and 0.69361(r) at age 18. Also the relationship between weight and lean body muscle(LBM %) has -0.81470(r) at age 9 and -0.64729(r) at age 18. 2. The weakness, normal and obesity groups were classified by Obesity level. In case of weakness group showed the very low Obesity level at age 8 to 11, in case of obesity group showed the high Obesity level at age 15 to 18. Also Rohrer index was decreasing tendency up to age 12 in weakness group and increasing tendency over age 14 in obesity group. 3. When the height and weight growth pattern was compared, height growth was superior to weight growth at age 9 to 14.5 in normal group. But weight growth was inferior to height growth at age 9 to 14.5 in normal group. In obesity group, weight growth was superior to height growth at age 7 to 18. On the other hand the height growth of weakness group was superior to the normal group and the obesity group except age 11 to 12. 4. On height velocity curve by PHV age obesity group showed the most growth amount per year(9.00Cm/yr), and the next is normal group(8.77Cm/yr), weakness group(8.70Cm/yr). Then the difference between PHV age and PWV age was within 1 year in these three groups. 5. In these three groups, height velocity curve by menarcheal age showed the PHV before 2~3 years of menarcheal age. And weight velocity curve by menarcheal age showed the remarkable PWV before 1 year of menarcheal age.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.31-40
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• 1978

For the purpose of estimating the status of physical growth of primary school students in Busan area, the author had performed an investigation and analysis on the physical integrated value for past 6 years of random sampled 656 students (male 374, female 282). The summarized results were as follows : 1. The most rapid growth age of body-height was 7-8 years old as 5.9 cm in male and 10-11 years old in female as 6.5 cm, and the growth curve of body-height was crossed at 10-11 years old. 2. The most rapid growth age of body-weight was 9-10 years old as 3.1 kg in male and 10-11 years old in female as 3.9 kg, and the growth curve of body-weight was crossed at 10-11 years old. 3. The most rapid growth age of chest-girth was 8-9 years old as 3.1 cm in male and 9-10 years old in female as 2.9 cm, and the growth curve of chest-girth was not corssed. 4. The most rapid growth age of sitting-height was 6-7 years old in both sex as 3.3 cm and 3.4 cm, and the growth curve of sitting-height was crossed at 8-9 years old. 5. Using the physical integrated value was much simple and desirable at comparing with the areas. And the physical integrated value of primary school students on Busan area compared to Korean standard physical status was relatively good as body-height +0.33, +0.30, body-weight +0.33,+0.35, chest-girth +0.65, +0.57 and sitting-height +0.10, +0.20 with each sex.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.167-176
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• 2020

The objective of the present study was to determine the best model to describe and quantify the changes in live body weight, height at withers, height at rump, body length and chest girth of Holstein cows raised under Korean feeding conditions for 50 months. The five standard growth models namely polynomial linear regression models, regression of growth variables on the first and second-order of ages in days (model 1) and regression of growth variables on age covariates from first to the third-order (model 2) as well as non-linear models were fitted and evaluated for representing growth pattern of Holstein cows raised in Korean feeding circumstances. Nonlinear models fitted were three exponential growth curve models; Brody, Gompertz, and von Bertalanffy functional models. For this purpose, a total of 22 Holstein cows raised in Korea used in the period from April 2016 to May 2020. Each model fitted to monthly growth curve records of dairy cows by using PROC NLIN procedure in SAS program. On the basis of the results, nonlinear models showed the lower root mean square of error (RMSE) for live body weight, height at withers, height at rump, body length and chest girth (12.22, 1.95, 1.55, 4.04, 2.06) with higher correlation coefficiency (R²) values for live body weight, height at withers, height at rump, body length and chest girth (0.99, 0.99, 0.99, 1.00, 1.00). Overall, the evaluation of the different growth models indicated that the Gompertz model used in the study seemed to be the most appropriate one for standard growth of Holstein cows raised under Korean feeding system.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.45 no.8 s.459
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• pp.483-490
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• 2007

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the mandibular antegonial notch and the mandibular morphology, and the curve of Spee in anteroposterior skeletal relationship. Pre-treatment lateral cephalograms were obtained from 80(male 34, female 46) adult orthodontic patients and the samples were classified into 3 categories by ANB angle($0^{\circ}$$\leq$ANB< $4^{\circ}$ Class I, $4^{\circ}$$\leq$ANB Class II, ANB< $0^{\circ}$ Class III). The curve of Spee was measured directly from the pre-treatment mandibular study cast of each patient included in this study. Pearson correlation coefficient test and multiple regression analysis in each group revealed the following results; 1. Antegonial notch depth was positively correlated with hoth lower anterior facial height(ANS-Me) in skeletal Class I, II and III groups and Id-Me height in skeletal Class I and II groups. 2. A statistically significant negative correlation was found between the depth of the antegonial notch and the curve of Spee in the Class III group. 3. Significant relationship was not found between the antegonial notch depth and any of the other cephalometric variables such as mandibular body length(Go-Gn) and ramus height(Co-Go). As antegonial notch depth increased, more vertical growth of the mandible was observed. Antegonial notch can be used as a predictor of vertical mandibular growth in the diagnosis and treatment planning of malocclusion.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.101-106
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• 2014

The purpose of this research was to figure out the stand structure and growth characteristic with relation to DBH, height, and volume in sixteen Pinus koraiensis plantations of Gangwon province region. Age class was diversely distributed from age class II (16 yr) to age class VIII (77 yr), and, in terms of site index, sixteen regions were superior: nine regions 'high', seven regions 'middle'. The distribution of DBH by sites appeared a bell-shaped curve, and the number of trees was the most in diameter section of 18-22 cm. The dispersion of DBH was various with age and widest ranging from 18 cm to 58 cm in age class VII-VIII. The distribution of height was also a bell-shaped curve with the smaller deviation than the distribution of DBH, and most of trees were in height section of 14-18 m. The correlation of DBH and height was high (r=0.75), and the volume bigger than 1.0 $m^3$ was presented from DBH 35 cm, height 20 m.