• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.376-380
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• 2004

Five pentacyclic triterpenoids, oleanolic acid (1), hederagenin (2), ursolic acid (3), tormentic acid (4) and myrianthic acid (5), were isolated from the methanol extract of the leaves of Campsis grandiflora, and structures of the compounds were established by the spectroscopic methods. Compounds 2, 3, 4, and 5 were isolated for the first time from the genus Campsis. All of the compounds ($IC_{50}$: 45.3, 32.8, 82.6, 42.9 and $46.2{\mu}M$ respectively) were as equivalently inhibitive as acetylsalicylic acid ($IC_{50}:57.0{\mu}M$) on epinephrine induced platelet aggregation.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.47-51
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• 2006

The roots of Dipsacus asper are used in traditional Chinese medicine as an analgesic, enhancement of liver activity, an anti-inflammatory agent and the treatment of fractures. In order to investigate the antioxidative activity, Dipsaci Radix was extracted with MeOH and fractionated with $CHCl_3$, EtOAc, BuOH and water. MeOH ex. and its solvent fractions were determined on the free radical scavenging activity by DPPH method and antioxidative activity on low density lipoprotein oxidation. The EtOAc and BuOH fractions showed antioxidative activities and from their fractions, two compounds were isolated and identified as hederagenin 3-O-${alpha}$-L-arabino pyranoside (compound 1) and O-${\alpha}$-L-arabinopyranosyl hed-eragenin 28-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranosyl ($1{\to}6$)-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranosyl ester (compound 2). Saponin glycoside, compound I showed anti-oxidative activity.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.248-252
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• 1985

During the biological screening of Chinese drugs, it was found that alcoholic extract of the roots of Patrinia scabiosaefolia (Valerianaceae) caused a significant prolongation of hexobarbital-induced sleeping time and elevation of serum transaminase activities accompanied by severe histopathological changes in the hepatic tissues in mice on three day pretreatments. The systematic fractionation of the methanol extract monitoring by bioassay led to isolation of toxic saponins such as $3-O-{\alpha}-{_L}-arabinopyranosyl$ hederagenin $28-O-{\beta}-{_D}-glucopyranosyl\;(1{\rightarrow}6)-{\beta}-{_D}-glucopyranoside$ and its 2'-acetate and $3-O-{\beta}-{_D}-glucopyranosyl\;(1{\rightarrow}3)-{\alpha}-{_L}-rhamnopyranosyl\;(1{\rightarrow}2)-{\alpha}-{_L}-arabinopyranosyl$ oleanolic acid and its $28-O-{\beta}-{_D}-glucopyranosyl\;(1{\rightarrow}6)-{\beta}-{_D}-glucopyranoside$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.240-240
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• 1994

1. 천연 항염증 물질의 분리 천연 항염증 약물 개발을 목표로 하여 한방과 민간에서 소염, 진통의 목적으로 이용되는 식물들을 대상으로 Carrageenin에 의해 유도된 백서 후족 부종의 억제를 지표로 Screening을 행한 결과, 2종의 식물의 부탄을 엑스가 항염증 활성을 나타내었다. 즉, 호랑가시나무(flex cornuta L. ) 잎 및 쑥부쟁이 (Aster yomena Makinc)의 부탄을 엑스가 Aspirin(300mg/kg)에 필적하는 항염증작용을 나타내었다. 이 식물들의 부탄을 엑스로 부터 각각 2종의 화합물을 분리하였다. 호랑가시나무로 부터는 01eanane type의 monodesmoside와 Pomolic acid bisdesmoside가, 쑥부쟁이로 부터는 Hederagenin bisdesmoside및 구조 미확정의 물질이 각각 분리되었다. 2.천연 항염증 물질의 구조 변환 항염증 약물로 많이 이용되고 있는 시호(Bupleurum falcatum L.)의 유효성분인 Saikosaponin-a의 용해도 개선을 위하여 그 유도체를 합성하였다. 합성된 Saikosaponin-a hemisuccinate의 K염은, 용해도 시험 결과 현저한 용해도 증가를 보였다.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.34 no.2 s.133
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• pp.128-131
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• 2003

Four compounds were isolated from the roots of Dipsacus asper roots, and were identified as methyl 3,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinate, 3,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid, sitosterol $3-O-{\beta}-D-Glucopyranoside$ and hederagenin $3-O-{\alpha}-L-arabinopyranoside$. Among the isolated compounds, methyl 3,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinate and 3,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinate acid have never been reported previously from this plant.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 2008

From the 70% EtOH extract from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora (Paeoniaceae), nine triterpenoids were isolated and identified as ${\beta}-amyrin$ (1), 24-methylenecycloartanol (2), betulinic acid (3), oleanolic acid (4), hederagenin (5), 30-norhederagenin (6), 30-norarjunolic acid (7), arjunolic acid (8), and $3{\beta},4{\beta},23-trihydroxy-24,30-dinorolean-12,20(29)-dien-28-oic$ acid (9) by spectroscopic methods. Among these compounds, 1, 2, 7, 8 and 9 were isolated for the first time from this plant.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.237-242
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• 1985

11-Keto-derivatives of pomolic acid, $\beta$-boswellic acid and presenegenin were compared with those of oleanolic acid, hederagenin and glycyrrhetinic acid in respects of inhibitions on corticoid-5.betha.-reductase and anti-inflammatory activities. Hyddrophilicity of ring A and hydrophobicity of rings C/D enhanced the inhibition on the enzyme. However, the former induced edema and the latter caused to exhibit anti-inflammatory activity.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.1613-1619
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• 2008

It has been reported that Tat-SOD can be directly transduced into mammalian cells and skin and acts as a potential therapeutic protein in various diseases. To isolate the compound that can enhance the transduction efficiency of Tat-SOD, we screened a number of natural products. 3-O-[$\beta$-D-Glucopyranosyl(1$\rightarrow$4)-$\alpha$-L-arabinopyranosyll-hederagenin (OGAH) was identified as an active component of Fatsia japonica and is known as triterpenoid glycosides (hederagenin saponins). OGAH enhanced the transduction efficiencies of Tat-SOD into HeLa cells and mice skin. The enzymatic activities in the presence of OGAH were markedly increased in vitro and in vivo when compared with the controls. Although the mechanism is not fully understood, we suggest that OGAH, the active component of Fatsia japonica, might change the conformation of the membrane structure and it may be useful as an ingredient in anti-aging cosmetics or as a stimulator of therapeutic proteins that can be used in various disorders related to reactive oxygen species (ROS).

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.18-26
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• 2015

Akebiae Caulis is a galenical originated from Akebia quinata Decaisne species. It is commonly used in the treatment of oposiuria, inflammation, nociceptive and fever. Here, we investigated the effect of Akebiae Caulis extract (ACE) to protect hepatocyte against the malfunction of mitochondria and apoptosis. Arachidonic acid (AA)+iron promoted excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and exerted a deleterious effect on mitochondria. Treatment with ACE protected hepatocytes from AA+iron-induced cytotoxicity, as shown by alterations in the protein levels related with apoptosis such as poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, pro-caspase 3, Bcl-XL and Bcl-2. Moreover, AA+iron-induced $H_2O_2$ production, GSH depletion and mitochondrial dysfunction were alleviated by ACE pretreatment. As a potential molecular mechanism for the ACE-mediated cytoprotection, phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a key regulator in determining cell survival or death, was increased by ACE. Moreover, ACE treatment enhanced inactive phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-$3{\beta}$ ($GSK3{\beta}$), downstream substrate kinase of AMPK. More importantly, ACE prevented a decrease in the $GSK3{\beta}$ phosphorylation derived by AA+iron, which might contribute to mitohondiral protection and cell survival. To further identify essential compounds in Akebiae Caulis for the protection of AA+iron-mediated cytotoxicity, we found that betulin in combination with hederagenin protected from AA+iron-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Betulin+hederagenin treatment also increased inactive phosphorylation of $GSK3{\beta}$ in common with ACE. These results suggest that ACE protected hepatocytes against oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, which is mediated with inactive $GSK3{\beta}$ phosphorylation downstream of AMPK.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.319-325
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• 2009

Twelve compounds were isolated from the 70% ethanol extract of Lonicera Caulis (Caprifoliaceae) and their structures were identified as six triterpenoids [(24S)-cycloart-25-en-$3{\beta}$,24-diol (1), pomolic acid (7), ursolic acid (8), euscaphic acid (9), hederagenin (10), and 23-hydroxytormentic acid (12)] and six sterols [obtusifoliol (2), gramisterol (3), citrostadienol (4), ${\beta}$-sitosterol (5), ergosterol peroxide (6) and ${\beta}$-sitosterol glucoside (11)]. The chemical structures of these compounds were identified on the basis of spectroscopic methods and comparison with literature values. All the compounds were isolated from this plant parts for the first time.