• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.879-890
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• 2002

In this paper we consider open queueing system with a Poisson arrival process which have a finite upper bound on the arrival rate for which the system is stable. Interpolation approximations for quantities of interest, such as moments of the sojourn time distribution, have previously been developed for such systems, utilizing exact light and heavy traffic limits. These limits cannot always be easily computed for complex systems. Thus we consider an interpolation approximation where all of the relevant information is estimated via simulation. We show that all the relevant information can in fact be simultaneously estimated in a single regenerative simulation at any arrival rate. In addition to light and heavy traffic limits, both the quantity of interest and its derivative (with respect to the arrival rate) are estimated at the arrival rate of the simulation. All of the estimates are then combined, using a least squares procedure, to provide an interpolation approximation.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.2499-2502
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• 2005

Universal Serial Bus (USB) is one of the most popular communication interfaces. When USB is used in more extended range, especially configuring home network by connecting multiple digital devices each other, USB interface uses the bandwidth in the way of Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) so that the bottleneck of bus bandwidth can be brought under the heavy traffic. In this paper, the more effective usage of bus bandwidth to overcome this situation is introduced. Basically, in order to realize the system for transferring real-time moving picture data among digital information devices, we analyze USB transfer types and descriptors and introduce the method to enhance the detailed performance of isochronous transfer that is one of USB transfer types.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.107-113
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of soil amendments for reducing soil compaction at heavy traffic area in golf course. Major results of this research are summarized at follows: 1. In the Lab. experiment, the porosity was improved significantly when the materials, such as peatmoss, charcoal, and tire chip mixtures were used respectively. Especially mixture of sand and 20% peatmoss showed higher effectiveness (10%) in porosity, comparing with ordinary sand. This soil mixture(sand 80%+peatmoss 20%) was observed the best in water retention, soil hardness and hydrauric conductivity. 2. In the greenhouse experiment, traffic pressure was given 7 times a day on several combination of mixture treatments to see the top dry weight. The soil mixture of 20% peatmoss showed the highest in the top dry weight. When the more traffic pressure(15 time/day) were given on the different treatment, the top dry weight was significantly reduced. However, the mixture of 20% peatmoss also had the least influence on this type of heavy traffic. 3. In the field experiment, the soil amendments were treated in traffic area f golf course, and observed at 30days, 60days, 90days, 120days after treatment. Visual turf quality(color), root length and soil compaction were compared to those of control. As a result, overall treatments with soil amendments were effective, which showed better turf quality and less soil compaction. 4. In the field test, physical characters of soil (such as soil hardness and hydrauric conductivity) in sand+tire chip+peatmoss(60:20:20, %, v/v) treatment was significantly improved. Also in the slow increasing of traffic, the soil compaction was the most effective in reducing soil hardness.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.605-611
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• 2005

The aim of this study was to analyze the local distribution of the heavy metal concentration in Daegu and Ulsan which were divided into the residual areas, the traffic dense areas and the industrial areas. The Inductively Coupled Plasma(ICP) was used to analyze heavy metals, such as As, Cr, Hg, Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu and minor metals, such as Fe, Si, Mg, Ca, AI, Na, K. The results of this analysis showed that the content of heavy metals which was classified by districts in Daegu and Ulsan was the highest in the industrial areas followed by the traffic dense areas and the residual areas. Compared to the level of heavy metals of national and local soil survey network in 2003, contamination of heavy metals in Daegu was lower than national average. However, the content of Cd, As, Zn in Ulsan was respectively 13.38 times, 472 times and 2.65 times higher than national average contamination. In addition, compared to the soil pollution level of the environmental protection law, contamination of all areas in Daegu was lower. But the content of As at the industrial areas in Ulsan was 10.71 times higher than standard of soil pollution and 4.28 times higher than standard of measures against soil contamination.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.274-281
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• 2007

Road traffic noise is not produced by any one factor rather it occurs as a composition of various factors. Its occurrence is made by running engine noise, tire frictional, and exhaust noise etc. The quality of the noise depends on the size of the vehicles, rotation and engine speed, vehicle load, package state of the road and incline etc. The occurrence of any noise level of heavy trucks appears louder than smaller vehicles and the noise levels produced differs according to speed and load etc between similar size vehicles. Other factors such as traffic density, average speed, mixing rate of heavy vehicles, and the distance between vehicles also generate road traffic noise. In this paper we examine 2, 4, and 6-lane roads in Jeonju. Consequently, this study examines the means used to measure road traffic noise. It was found that when there is a large traffic density and the average velocity is below 70 km/h, the noise level could receive a relative proper value by the current measuring means. But in the case of night-time, it was found that the current measuring method is inapposite.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.10-18
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• 2007

인터넷의 사용자가 증가함에 따라 사용자의 인터넷 작업부하 유형을 파악하고 이를 수리적으로 표현하여 웹사이트에서 송수신되는 트래픽의 형태를 모델링하는데 적합한 통계적 분포를 제시할 필요가 있다. 독립적이고 불규칙적인 트래픽 추세를 고려할 때 어떤 t 시점에서 임의의 외부적 개입이 주어질 경우 파레토 분포를 이용한 수정된 모델을 가지고 트래픽 발생에 어느 정도 영향을 주는지를 알아본다.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2018년도 공동국제학술발표회
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• pp.105-105
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• 2018

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.277-282
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• 2006

Road traffic noise is not produced by any one factor rather occurs as a composition of various factors. Its occurrence is made by running engine noise, tire frictional, and exhaust noise etc. The quality of the noise depends on the size of the vehicles, rotation and engine speed, vehicle load, package state of the road and incline etc. The occurrence of noise level of heavy trucks appears louder than smaller vehicles and the noise levels produced differs according to speed and load etc between similar size vehicles. Other factors such as traffic density, average speed, mixing rate of heavy vehicles, and the distance between vehicles also generate road traffic noise. In this paper we examine 2, 4, and 6-lane roads in Jeonju. Consequently, this study examined the means used to measure road traffic noise. It was found that when there is a large traffic density and the average velocity is below 70 km/hr, the noise level could receive a relative proper value by the current measuring means. But in the case of night-time, it was found that the current measuring method is inapposite.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.221-236
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• 2005

도시화$\cdot$산업화의 인위적 오염원에 의한 중금속 원소들의 분산양상과 오염특성을 파악하기 위하여 서울지역내의 은행나무 잎과 가로수 토양 시료를 채취하여 토양 pH와 Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, Ni, Cr, Co등의 중금속 함량을 측정하였다. 서울지역의 대부분의 토양 pH는 6-9의 범위로 약산성 및 약알칼리성을 보였다. 토양에서 Cd-Co, Cr-Ni, Cu-Zn, Pb-Zn는 높은 상관성을 보이고 있어 Cd은 Co와 배출원이 유사하고, Cr은 Ni과 Zn는 Cu, Pb의 배출원이 유사함을 예측할 수 있었다. 가로수 토양과 은행나무 잎 시료에 대한 원소들의 분포특성은 세척하지 않은 은행나무 잎의 Cd과 Pb, Cu와 Zn의 오염양상이 유사하다. 세척하지 않은 은행나무 잎에서 Cr과 Ni이 유사한 분포패턴을 보였다. 토양에 대해 오염지수에 의하면 공단지역과 교통량 밀집지역에서의 오염도가 높고, 특히 Cd, Cu, Zn에 의한 오염이 심하다. 토양시료에 대한 판별분석결과, 주거지역과 전원지역에서보다 공단지역과 교통량 밀집지역에 부화되는 원소는 Ni> Cr>Pb 순이다. 공단지역과 교통량 밀집지역을 구분하는데 가장 큰 설명력을 가지는 원소는 Cd이며, 교통량 밀집지역에서는 다른 원소에 비해 Co, Pb, Zn가 부화되어 있다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:정보통신
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.317-326
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• 2010

최근 분산 컴퓨팅 환경이 확대되고 네트워크 기반의 응용프로그램이 다양하게 개발됨에 따라 네트워크 트래픽이 증가되고 있으며, 트래픽 종류도 P2P(Peer to Peer), 실시간 동영상등과 같이 다양해지고 있다. 네트워크 트래픽 중에서 P2P 트래픽이 지속적으로 증가되면서 많은 대역폭을 차지하고 있기 때문에 웹, 파일 전송 및 실시간 동영상등과 같은 다른 네트워크 응용프로그램의 서비스 품질을 보장하지 못하는 상황이 빈번하게 발생하고 있다. P2P 트래픽으로 인한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 기존에 포트 기반의 P2P 트래픽 검출 기법과 패킷들의 내용을 검사하는 DPI(Deep Packet Inspection) 방식의 검출 기법들이 제시되었으나 최근의 P2P 용용프로그램들이 고정된 포트를 사용하지 않으며, 패킷들의 내용을 암호화하여 전송함으로써 기존의 연구 방법을 P2P 트래픽 검출에 적용하기가 어려운 상황이다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 포트 기반의 P2P 트래픽 검출 기법과 DPI 기법의 문제점들을 해결할 수 있는 플로우(flow) 매개 변수의 상관 관계를 이용한 플로우 전달 특성 기반의 P2P Heavy 트래픽 검출 알고리즘을 제시한다. 본 논문에서 제시하는 알고리즘은 P2P 트래픽 중에서 네트워크 대역폭을 가장 많이 차지하는 컨텐츠 다운로드 P2P 트래픽을 검출하는 것이다. P2P 트래픽은 컨텐츠를 가지고 있는 상대 노드(Peer)들을 검색하는 단계와 검색된 노드들 중에 하나 이상의 노드로부터 컨텐츠를 다운로드하는 단계로 이루어진다. 이러한 P2P 응용프로그램들의 특성을 P2P 플로우 패턴으로 정의하고 이를 기반으로 P2P Heavy 트래픽을 검출하는 알고리즘을 개발하였다.