• Speech Sciences
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.51-70
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• 2000

Twenty normal and 20 severe-to-profound hearing-impaired subjects participated in the present study. The two groups are matched by their chronological age. Each subject made a recording of three vowels of /i/, /a/, and /u/, and nine $VC_{plosive}V$ (hereafter, VCV) disyllables of /epe/, /ep'e/, /$ep^{h}e$/, /ete/, /et'e/, /$et^{h}e$/, /eke/, /ek'e/, and /$ek^{h}e$/, each five times. Formant frequencies of $F_1,\;F_2,\;and\;F_3$ were measured for the three vowels and six measures were made for the nine disyllables. The six measures were (1) the total duration of the disyllable, (2) the duration of the first vowel, (3) the duration of the closed period, (4) the ratio of the first vowel over the first vowel plus the closure period of the consonant, (5) the duration of the aspiration, and (6) the duration of the second vowel. Results shows that the three formants and each of the measures were significantly different between the two groups of subjects.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.745-754
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• 2018

Language is an essential tool for verbal and emotional communication among human beings, enabling them to engage in social interactions. Although a majority of hearing-impaired people can speak; however, they are unable to receive feedback on their pronunciation most of them can speak. However, they do not receive feedback on their pronunciation. This results in impaired communication owing to incorrect pronunciation, which causes difficulties in their social interactions. If hearing-impaired people could receive continuous feedback on their pronunciation and phonation through lip-reading training, they could communicate more effectively with people without hearing disabilities, anytime and anywhere, without the use of sign language. In this study, the mouth area is detected from videos of learners speaking monosyllabic words. The grayscale information of the detected mouth area is used to estimate a velocity vector using Optical Flow. This information is then quantified as feature values to classify vowels. Subsequently, a system is proposed that classifies monosyllables by algebraic computation of geometric feature values of lips using the characteristics of articulatory phonation. Additionally, the system provides feedback by evaluating the comparison between the information which is obtained from the sample categories and experimental results.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1529-1548
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• 2016

The objective of this study is to explore an effect of class teaching method of utilizing a pictogram on understanding of safety terms by the Hearing Impaired students. For this objective, a class teaching utilizing a pictogram was performed by targeting 4 students (elementary school 6th graders)with auditory disability for app. 3 months during the period from July, 2015 to September and through repeated measurement, an effect of class teaching utilizing pictogram on their understanding of safety terms was analyzed. The result of this study is as follows. First, class teaching utilizing pictogram was effective for enhancing understanding of safety terms. Second, such teaching was effective for promoting interest in safety terms. Through these results, it could be concluded that such teaching method provided an opportunity of enhancing understanding of the students with auditory disability for safety terms. In addition, the result of this study implies that pictogram teaching method being designed to deliver the meaning of target easily and promptly becomes a major factor of exerting a positive influence on understanding of safety terms by the students with auditory disability.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1998 no.11
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• pp.173-174
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• 1998

We developed the high power telephone for hearing impaired person (HIP) who can't communicate with others by general telephone. The general telephone can't delivered enough sound for HIP to understand telephone speech. In this study, we developed the method of telephone speech amplification proper to HIP and effective howling suppression which occurred as a side effect of amplification. In our new telephone, speech sound is divieded to 3 band pass filter path, amplified respectively fit to HIP's hearing ability, and monitored howling in time domain. The result of test of our telephone showed that we can amplify the sound as much as 40dB, which is very useful to HIP, and make HIP increase the perception of telephone speech.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.103-113
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• 1998

The human baby appears to be born with preexistent knowledge of language. This specialized neural structure in the brain awaits auditory experience with language to trigger it into functioning. The auditory-linked acquisition of language is a time-locked function related to early maturational periods in the infant's life. The longer auditory language stimulation is delayed, the less efficient the language facility will be. It is for these reasons that it is urgent to fight the hearing problems of children with all the skill, knowledge and insights of which we are capable, the so called 'rehabilitative process'. An understanding of the timetable and the origin of prenatal to early life development of auditory mechanism will help in planning the aural rehabilitation. Further interests and studies are needed to establish the systematic structure of rehabilitative audiology.

• Journal of Audiology & Otology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.135-139
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• 2019

Background and Objectives: This study was undertaken to investigate the educational status in bilateral prelingual deaf children with a cochlear implant (CI), also known as early cochlear implantees (CIs). Type of schooling and enrollment rate of tertiary education were analyzed as primary results. Subjects and Methods: Participants in this study comprised a highly homogeneous group of deaf patients who underwent cochlear implantation at a similar age. Sixty-four Korean patients were enrolled. Statistical data for disabled populations and the general population were obtained from the National Statistics Korea. Results: Among 64 patients, 46, 8, and 10 attended mainstream, integrated, and special schools, respectively. Notably, there was a significant difference in the type of school between hearing-impaired and CI groups (p=0.007). Ten of 13 patients enrolled in tertiary education. Conclusions: CI users were more likely than hearing impaired students to attend mainstream school. The enrollment rate of CI users in tertiary education was the same as that of the general population.

• Korean Journal of Audiology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.135-139
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• 2019

Background and Objectives: This study was undertaken to investigate the educational status in bilateral prelingual deaf children with a cochlear implant (CI), also known as early cochlear implantees (CIs). Type of schooling and enrollment rate of tertiary education were analyzed as primary results. Subjects and Methods: Participants in this study comprised a highly homogeneous group of deaf patients who underwent cochlear implantation at a similar age. Sixty-four Korean patients were enrolled. Statistical data for disabled populations and the general population were obtained from the National Statistics Korea. Results: Among 64 patients, 46, 8, and 10 attended mainstream, integrated, and special schools, respectively. Notably, there was a significant difference in the type of school between hearing-impaired and CI groups (p=0.007). Ten of 13 patients enrolled in tertiary education. Conclusions: CI users were more likely than hearing impaired students to attend mainstream school. The enrollment rate of CI users in tertiary education was the same as that of the general population.

• 한국노년학
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.973-992
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• 2010

The hearing impairment is the representative disorder that affects the quality of the routine life of the aged period. This study was aimed to develop the Korean evaluation scale for hearing handicap(KESHH) with which we can evaluate social and psychological effects of the hearing impairment. Applying this scale clinically, we can analyze the geriatric hearing loss specifically and improve the quality of the aural rehabilitation that can help the hardness of the hearing impairment. Data were collected from 288 participants(176 hearing aid users and 112 non-hearing aid users) and the average age of the participants was 67.4 years old ( 60.15 for the hearing aids users and 78.9 for the non hearing users). The composition ratio of the male and female participants were 58.0% and 42.0% and extrovert and introvert personality were 49.3% and 50.7% showing balanced formation. The tentative draft of KESHH measurements were produced with 30 items and following 5 subscales. Using factor analysis, 6 items were erased and 4 subscales - social effect, psycho/emotional effect, interpersonal effect, and perception of hearing aids - were identified. As each subscale consisted of 6 items, 24 items were corrected and remained totally. Conclusively, the KESHH was developed with 24 items and 4 subscales including 6 items on each subscale. In addition, the KESHH was divided into type-1 and 2 depending on hearing aid users and non hearing aid users. The results of this study can be summarized as the following 5 parts. Firstly, the reliabilities of the KESHH were proved to be high because the subscales' Cronbach alpha values were from 0.723 through 0.895. Secondly, the KESHH showed systematically increasing score as the hearing impairment increased. The lowest score was 24 and the highest score was 117 and the average scores of the hearing impaired and non-hearing impaired are 72.06(SD=15.67) and 66.98(SD=20.94) showing 5.08 increased score for the hearing impaired. Depending on the degree of the hearing loss, the scores recorded 52.63 at the below of the mild hearing loss, 67.29 for the moderate hearing loss, 71.89 for the moderately severe hearing loss, and 75.57 for the severe hearing loss The comparison of the scores by hearing levels indicated that the higher the hearing levels were, the higher the scores of the KESHH with statistical significance(p<0.001). Thirdly, the correlation among 4 subscales was 0.384~0.880(p<0.001). Also, the pure tone average, personality, and the four subscales correlations showed statistical significance with 0.148~0.880 except for the pure tone average and personality and the pure tone average and perception of hearing aids. Fourthly, the total variances explained for the independent subscles were analyzed with multiple regression. The social effect was explained 17.4% with pure tone average, personality, and the status of hearing aid use variances. The psycho/emotional effect was explained 14.4% with puretone average, personality, and age variances. The interpersonal effect was explained 11.2% with pure tone average, personality, and the status of hearing aid use variances. The perception of hearing aids effect was explained 2.2% with only personality. Finally, test-retest reliability was proved to be high with 0.791(p<0.001). Conclusively, the KESHH that was developed considering Korean culture can be a useful instrument for expressing the hearing handicaps of the Korean aged hearing impaired in scores for both hearing aid users and non-users. Also, it is thought that the KESHH is useful clinically for identifying the changes of the hearing handicap scores before and after wearing hearing aids and aural rehabilitation at diverse situations.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.13-23
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• 2023

Objectives: This case study was conducted to assess the changes in the oral health status of older individuals with hearing and visual impairments through home oral health care based on community care. Methods: The participants were two older adults with hearing and visual impairments. Through home visits, an oral health intervention program, including oral hygiene care and training on strengthening of oral function, was conducted once a week for 5 months. Dental hygienists performed special oral health interventions such as dental plaque control through individual tooth brushing and interdental care, training on strengthening of intraoral and extraoral muscle function, and denture care for the individuals with visual-hearing impairments. Results: The overall periodontal health status and oral muscle function improved in older adults with hearing and visual impairments. In the case of the visually impaired individuals, changes in the oral health status were oral mucosal moisture (30.1 and 37.2 points before and after intervention, respectively), salivary secretion (3.5 and 4.0 cm before and after intervention, respectively), and maximum tongue pressure (20.5 and 26.2 kPa before and after intervention, respectively). Changes in the oral health status of the hearing impaired individuals increased from 28.3 points before the intervention to 38.4 points after the intervention, and the maximum tongue pressure increased from 1.85 kPa to 23.5 kPa after the intervention. Conclusions: Oral health intervention activities contributed to improving the periodontal health and oral function of older adults with hearing and visual impairments. To improve their overall and oral health, it is necessary to prepare measures to activate customized oral health intervention programs.

• 재활복지
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.97-119
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• 2017

The objective of this study is to understand the influence of discrimination experience on life satisfaction of the employed hearing-impaired, and also to verify the mediating effects of self-esteem on relations between discrimination experience and life satisfaction. To achieve this objective, the data of the 8th Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled was used, and then the extracted data of 234 employed hearing-impaired persons was used for analysis. The results of this study are like below. First, discrimination experience showed negative(-) relations with self-esteem and life satisfaction while self-esteem showed positive(+) relations with life satisfaction. Second, when the perception of discrimination experience was low, the life satisfaction was high. Third, the mediating effects of self-esteem were verified on relations between discrimination experience and life satisfaction. Marital status, health, social-economical position has effected on life satisfaction. Based on such results of the study, suggestions were made to increase life satisfaction of the hearing-impaired.