• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.76-84
• /
• 2012

Purpose: This study was done to develop a cell phone addiction scale for Korean children. Methods: The process included construction of a conceptual framework, generation of initial items, verification of content validity, selection of secondary items, preliminary study, and extraction of final items. The participants were 268 children from grades 4 to 6 in two urban elementary schools. Construct validity, internal consistence reliability, and split-half reliability were used to analyze the data. Results: Nine items were categorized into 2 factors explaining 61.29% of total variance. The factors were labeled as obsessive compulsion (6 items) and dependency (3 items). Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the 9 items was .87, and Spearman-Brown coefficient was .83. Scale scores identified children as high risk users, at risk users, or average users by standard scores. Conclusion: The above findings indicate that the cell phone addiction scale for children has good validity and reliability when used with Korean children.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.1031-1039
• /
• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to improve the oral health knowledge in children education institute teacher. Methods : Data were selected by convenience sampling method. A self-administered questionnaire was filled out by the children education institute teachers. Frequency analysis and $x^2$ test were used to analyze the actual condition of oral health education and utilizing media contents. Pearson's Results : 1. The teachers received the oral health education (94.3%) twice to five times. 2. There was a difference between position and career of teacher in implementing oral health education. 3. Most of the oral health education were done by the dentists. Tooth brushing method was the most common education contents. Skill demonstration was the most common teaching method. 4. There was a positive correlation between experience and implementation of oral health education. 5. Use of education media accounted for 74.1% in oral health education. The number of media was more than two to five. 6. Self-devised media contents were the most commonly used in oral health education. Visual materials, dentiform and tooth brush were the most common contents in oral health education. Conclusions : It is necessary to develop the systematic and repetitive oral health education curriculum for the children education institute teachers. The dissemination of media for oral care is needed for oral health care knowledge acquisition.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
• /
• 2004.06a
• /
• pp.213-216
• /
• 2004

This work was based on the hypotheses that fingernail clippings can be used as a biomarker for the subchronic exposure to fluoride. This study was conducted to prove the hypotheses and fingernail clippings were collected form 120 preschool children aged $3{\sim}6$ residing in Jumunjin(community water fluoridation area) and Kangnung(non-fluoridation area). The acid-diffusible fluoride in the fingernail clipping was isolated by the acid-diffusion technique and measured with a fluoride electrode. The mean fingernail fluoride as the children's living area were 4.49ug/g(SD 2.43) to Jumunjin and 2.68ug/g(SD 1.13) to Kangnung. As would be expected, the fluoride concentration in fingernail clippings were significantly different between the two geographical groups(p<0.001) determined by t-test.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.100-110
• /
• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze papers published in the Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing (JKACHN) to identify the current state of child health nursing research and recommend directions for future research. Methods: Using analysis criteria developed by the researchers, 233 papers published in JKACHN between 2005 and 2009 were reviewed. Results: Both quantity and quality of these papers showed significant improvement compared to before 2005. The number of published papers, the proportion of intervention studies, and studies that involved children directly as participants had increased. However, published papers still leave much to be desired. Quantitative studies were dominant (91.4%) and many of these studies were survey designs (65.7%). Children, especially young children were still less likely to be direct participants. All experimental studies were quasi or pre-experimental studies. There were few qualitative research studies. Conclusion: Findings of this study indicate that strengthening peer review according to review guidelines will improve the quality of published papers and promote JKACHN as an international journal. Instead of proxy accounts from parents or nurses, research involving direct accounts by children is needed. Child-friendly data collection methods need to be developed and used by child health nurse researchers.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.5-15
• /
• 1985

It has been a long tradition in the field of nutrition that the degree of malnutrition in a community used to be estimated by the degree of the adequacy of nutrients consumption in the households. The adequacy of nutrient consumption in the households then used to be applied to estimate the degree of malnutrition of the children. Such a practice is theoretically acceptable in the community where the food sharing within the household is individual serving style such as in European countries. However, the community where the dietary habit in the household is communal such as in Korea, the estimation of single serving portion from household consumption is quite uncertain. Because of such an uncertainty this study is intended to test the validity of the household food consumption level as an indication of nutritional status of the children in the rural farm households in Korea. The date from the household consumption survey in 1982 by the Korean Rural Nutrition Institute has been used for the analysis of food consumption levels of the households. The survey on the nutritional status of children of 127 preschool children from 78 farm households, has been conducted during May 1983. The nutritional status of the children has been directly measured by weight, height, skinfold thickness, haemoglobin, haematocrit and morbidity of influenza and diarrhoea. The analysis has been conducted to distinguish the differences in prevalence of malnutrition of children from the estimated of household consumption and that of from the direct measurement of nutritional status of children. The results show that the degree of malnutrition of the estimated by the household consumption level has not related with the prevalence of malnutrition by the direct measures of nutritional status of the children. Therefore, the validity of household consumption level as an indication of nutrional status in a same household is quite uncertain for the population studied.

• Integrative Medicine Research
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.333-340
• /
• 2018

Background: Traditional Korean medicine (TKM) is widely used to treat children with cerebral palsy (CP) in Korea; however, studies investigating factors that influence the use of TKM are scarce. Thus, we investigated the clinical factors that might influence the use of TKM. Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional, multicenter survey was performed from August 2014 to May 2016. The history of TKM use, type and severity of CP, current treatment characteristics, presence of accompanying disabilities or other health problems not directly related to CP, and monthly cost for the treatment of CP were surveyed. Results: In total, 182 children were recruited, and 78 children (42.9%) had used TKM. Among these 78 children, 50 (64.1% of the TKM-use group) had used both acupuncture and herbal medication, 15 (19.2%) had used acupuncture only, and 13 (16.7%) had used herbal medication only. Children with non-typical CP, accompanying disabilities and general health problems tended to use TKM. The monthly cost of treatment for CP was significantly higher in the TKM-use group than that in the no-TKM-use group, suggesting that economically disadvantaged children may have difficulty in accessing TKM. Dietary supplements, conventional pharmacological treatments, and rehabilitation therapies did not affect TKM use. Conclusion: Children with non-typical symptoms or those with poor overall health status are likely to use TKM. Additionally, TKM use leads to increased treatment costs. Studies investigating the motivation for starting or ceasing TKM therapy, socioeconomic factors and the attitude of parents towards complementary and alternative medicine should be performed.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.65-74
• /
• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in Korean child-rearing practices between the generations of young mothers and grandmothers. Method: The participants were 98 mothers who were 20 to 39 years old and had raised one-year-old child and 103 grandmothers who were over 60 years old and had raised their children in a small city. Data were collected through self-report questionnaire based on the Korean traditional child-rearing practice from Yoo(1986). The data were analyzed using the SPSS Win 10.0 program. Results: Of 37 items in the categories of feeding and weaning, health management and taboo matters, play, and baby celebrations, the grandmothers practiced 13 items (35%) more frequently than the young mothers. However, no generation differences were found in 21 items (57%), and 3 items were practiced more frequently by the young mothers. For the young mothers, there were 15 items (41%) which were practiced over 70%, 7 items (19%) which were practiced less than 30%. Conclusion: It seems that some Korean traditional child-rearing practices were transferred to modern child-rearing practices. Therefore pediatric nurses need to pay attention to traditional child-rearing practices for the best health, growth and development of children.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.9 no.5
• /
• pp.182-188
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of self-care training based on ICF(International Classification of functioning, Disability and Health) on functional independence in the young children with spastic cerebral palsy. Total of 43 young children(male=25, female=18; age range from 36month to 72month) with spastic cerebral palsy, classified at GMFCS(Gross Motor Function Classification System) levels III-IV. Total of 32sessions of a self-care training (eating, grooming, bathing, toileting) were given 4 times a week for 30minutes from August 1th to September 30th of 2008. Changes in the functional independence after the training obtained by Wee-FIM(Functional Independence Measure for Children). Results were as follows: Functional independence was significantly increased after the training. As a result, a self-care training should be applied as an effective intervention to improve the functional independence in the young children with spastic cerebral palsy.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.344-354
• /
• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine types of parenting among fathers. The characteristics of parenting each type in early childhood were identified by systematically analyzing and classifying father's perceptions of parenting using the Q-methodology, which places importance on the perspective of the performer. Methods: The Q-method, which is effective for measuring individual subjectivity was used. The subjects in this study were 50 fathers with young children (2~36 months). Results: Four parenting types were identified analyzing the subjective perceptions of fathers with young children about parenting. One type was centered on character development. Another was centered on social development. A third was centered on physical health and development. The fourth was centered on building values. Conclusion: Parenting education programs should be developed based on type-specific characteristics and further research should investigate the effects of father's parenting type.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.113-124
• /
• 2009

Purpose : This study was to examine the emotional behavioral problem of children in low-income family who were participating in local children care center. Method : From June 2 to September 9, 2008, 322 elementary school children were surveyed using structured questionnaire. Emotional behavioral problem were measured using K-YSR. Result : In the distribution of three groups by emotional behavioral problems scores of subjects, normal group was 83.23%, borderline group was 9.32%, clinical group was 7.45% among 322 children. The emotional behavioral problem score of subjects showed attention problem .62(5.61), aggressive behavior .52(9.87), anxiety and depression .50(7.89), withdrawn .49(3.46), social problem .43(3.50), somatic complaints .35(3.17), thought problem .32(2.27), delinquent behavior .31(3.11) and total behavioral problem scores were .44(44.55). Also, total behavioral problem scores was not significantly difference by sex and grade, but the scores of girls students was higher compared with boys. Conclusion : This finding will be significant in that it can provide basic data for school mental health services, which can provide early intervention program for the students who belong to borderline and clinical groups.