• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.359-366
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• 2022

This study is to provide basic data on intervention methods to enhance the performance of infection control by grasping the relationship between ethical decision-making, moral sensitivity and infection control performance of nursing students in the global COVID-19 pandemic. General characteristics, major-related characteristics, ethical decision-making, moral sensitivity, and infection control were investigated using a structured questionnaires for 3^rd and 4^rd graders of nursing college. To analyze collected data, descriptive statistics, indepentent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression anlaysis were performed using IBM SPSS21.0 program. As a result of this study, factors influencing the performance of COVID-19 infection control were the principle of beneficence, which is the sub area of ethical decsion-making, and conflict and patient-centered nursing, which is the sub-area of moral sensitivity. In order to improve infection control of nursing students who are prospective medical professionals in a situation where new infectious diseases are highly likely to occur in the future, it is required to develop a practice-oriented convergence education programs for nurses which can improve ethics of patient centered nursing.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.76-84
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• 2022

In Korea, where rice is the staple food, there are many cases in which the nutritional composition of food is different at the same weight, even though the same ingredients are used and the food or food name is the same. The cause is closely related to the moisture content of the food according to the cooking method and cooking process. In order to design a diet tailored to individual health and supply accurate calories and nutrients, a method of expressing food data that is not affected by the cooking process or cooking method is required. Usually, the same ingredients or foods show a lot of deviation from the nutritional components presented in the standard food database due to the difference in moisture content. For this reason, there are problems that increase the complexity of the food ingredient database and the difficulty in using it. As a method to improve these problems, we would like to propose a food data expression method based on dry weight. As an example of this, the characteristics of rice as a food material and changes in major nutritional components according to the change in moisture of various rice-processed foods made from rice were considered. In addition, as an example of how to normalize food data through this, the dry weight-based nutrition label of rice was presented.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.481-503
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• 2012

This study aims to investigate the effects of the Big Five Aspects on psychological adjustment and the practical use of the Big Five Aspects in personality studies. Correlations between psychological adjustment(subjective well-being, life satisfaction, anxiety, depression) and the Big Five Aspects were compared to correlations between the Big Five and psychological adjustment. The results showed distinction between two aspects within each of the Big Five that major personality traits that are actually related to psychological adjustment were found. Multiple regressions were used with subjective well-being, life satisfaction, anxiety, and depression as criterion variables to investigate the effect of the Big Five Aspect on psychological adjustment and the results are as followed. Big Five Aspects accounted for 66.2% of the variance in subjective well-being and withdrawal, compassion, industriousness, enthusiasm, assertiveness, openness significantly predicted subjective well-being. Life satisfaction and depression were significantly predicted by withdrawal and enthusiasm. Withdrawal was the only variable that significantly predicted anxiety. Multiple regression also showed that withdrawal and enthusiasm were the most consistent, accountable variables in predicting overall psychological adjustment. This findings indicate that individual's personality traits played a significant role in predicting subjective well-being and mental health as consistent with past findings, and that the Big Five Aspects can offer more detailed and specific description than the Big Five can. Finally, the research discusses implications, limitations and suggestions for further studies.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.53-58
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• 2023

After thyroidectomy, some patients who show normal vocal cord movement still complain of subjective voice problems, which could lead to a decrease in quality of life related to communication. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of a newly designed voice therapy applying neck exercise and semi-occluded vocal tract exercise (SOVTE) to improve voice problems after thyroidectomy without neurological injury. For this purpose, voice therapy was randomly assigned to 10 women who received thyroidectomy. Acoustic analysis [fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer, noise-to-harmonics ratio, min Voice Range Profile (VRP), max VRP, VRP] was performed before and after surgery and immediately after voice therapy to compare voice changes. The study showed a statistically significant increase in max VRP and VRP after voice therapy compared to before surgery. These results suggest that the voice therapy methods in this study effectively improve a major symptom of voice problems after thyroidectomy, specifically the reduction in the high-frequency range. However, this study was limited in the number of s participants and did not control for the type of surgery. Therefore, further research utilizing larger sample sizes and controlled variables is needed to investigate the long-term effects of voice therapy.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.669-674
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• 2023

This study examined the specific contents of social welfare policies of the Joseon Dynasty through the analysis of Mokminsimseo, Aemin Sixjo and Jinhwang Yukjo, and identified the connection between them and today's social welfare policies. As a result, In the Care of the People, it contained the basic contents of the Elderly Welfare Act and welfare services for the elderly, and in the Freedom, it included welfare policy services related to infants and children, and the value system of welfare for the disabled through government affairs. The policy direction was confirmed, and it was found that disaster relief calls for social integration in response to social crises and disasters. This also confirmed that major areas of social welfare policy such as family safety, income security, health policy, and social integration have been emphasized through social welfare policy indicators. In addition, through the analysis of Qinhwangyukjo, it was found that it contains not only the basic ideology and values of the social security system and social insurance system in terms of visa, scale, and power, but also the details of specific policy implementation. Today's social welfare policies and social service policies, which are equipped with social welfare facilities and are implementing systematic social welfare services for each target, were able to confirm their foundation through the Qinhwangyukjo. This confirms that the emphasis on social integration and income security is prominent in the Qinhwangyukjo through the social welfare policy indicators of the current policy system.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.79-102
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• 2023

Objective : Autistic Spectrum Disorders(ASD) is a developmental disorder characterized by atypical sensory adaptation, communication problem, stereotyped behavior, and feeding disorders. The reasons for ASD feeding disorders are oral sensory motor, cognitive, behavioral, and social problems. Major symptoms include picky eating, selective eating, food refusal, food neophobia, limited food variety, and food aversion. ASD feeding disorders could be accompanied by various problems such as health and nutrition intake problems, feeding development, eating-related sociability, and family and caregiver stress. Feeding problems and disorders in ASD can present from birth. However, ASD is diagnosed by the age of 3, and there might be an appropriate treatment gap. Usually, symptoms of feeding disorders tend to decrease with age. However, the symptoms often remain, so early evaluation, intervention, and periodic checking are necessary. In this study, the general information about the feeding disorder characteristics of ASD, influencing factors, and intervention were described through a literature review. Conclusion : Sensory-based therapy and behavior-based therapies are generally used for feeding disorders in ASD. Sensory-based therapy is effective for food sensitivity and behavior-based therapy for food selection. As the symptoms of feeding disorders in ASD are diverse, a comprehensive approach includes play and participation, oral motor exercise, diet, and daily life. However, appropriate evaluation, intervention protocol, and guidelines for the treatment of feeding disorders in ASD are limited. Therefore, a complex approach based on a more systematic understanding is needed. Feeding rehabilitation specialists, such as occupational therapists, should provide appropriate evaluation and intervention.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.26.1-26.28
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• 2021

Asthma exacerbations are a major cause of intractable morbidity, increases in health care costs, and a greater progressive loss of lung function. Asthma exacerbations are most commonly triggered by respiratory viral infections, particularly with human rhinovirus (hRV). Respiratory viral infections are believed to affect the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), a limiting enzyme in tryptophan catabolism, which is presumed to alter asthmatic airway inflammation. Here, we explored the detailed role of IDO in the progression of asthma exacerbations using a mouse model for asthma exacerbation caused by hRV infection. Our results reveal that IDO is required to prevent neutrophilic inflammation in the course of asthma exacerbation caused by an hRV infection, as corroborated by markedly enhanced Th17- and Th1-type neutrophilia in the airways of IDO-deficient mice. This neutrophilia was closely associated with disrupted expression of tight junctions and enhanced expression of inflammasome-related molecules and mucin-inducing genes. In addition, IDO ablation enhanced allergen-specific Th17- and Th1-biased CD4⁺ T-cell responses following hRV infection. The role of IDO in attenuating Th17- and Th1-type neutrophilic airway inflammation became more apparent in chronic asthma exacerbations after repeated allergen exposures and hRV infections. Furthermore, IDO enzymatic induction in leukocytes derived from the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) lineage appeared to play a dominant role in attenuating Th17- and Th1-type neutrophilic inflammation in the airway following hRV infection. Therefore, IDO activity in HSC-derived leukocytes is required to regulate Th17- and Th1-type neutrophilic inflammation in the airway during asthma exacerbations caused by hRV infections.

• Journal of Korean Dental Hygiene Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.161-172
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• 2023

Background: The purpose of this study is to assess the degree of self-awareness, recognition of others, and adaptation to college life of dental hygiene students, and to identify the factors affecting college life adjustment. Methods: The effect size was calculated using the G*power 3.1.9.4 program, based on the data of 191 people who agreed to participate in the questionnaire. Independent samples t-test, one way ANOVA, Post HOC Scheffe, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were conducted to explore the difference and correlation between self-awareness, perception of others, and college life adjustment according to general characteristics. Results: A significant positive correlation was found in self-awareness (r=.301). The highest positive correlations were with social adjustment in both private (r=.340) and public self-awareness (r=.331) (p<0.01). Recognition of others (r=-.051) showed a negative correlation with college life adjustment, though it was not statistically significant. As factors for adapting to college life, private self-awareness (β=.232) and public self-awareness (β=.254) had a positive (+) effect, and internal self-awareness (β=-.205) was found to have a negative (-) effect (p<0.01) Conclusion: The self-awareness and recognition of others among dental hygiene students influence their smooth adjustment to college life. Improvement measures are recommended to enhance adaptability to college life and develop core competencies related to their major

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.31-41
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze how to utilize sports cooperatives that can be a pleasure to work and add living expenses through sports as a model for creating jobs for the elderly. To this end, after reviewing the literature and expert survey using Delphi techiques for 9 sports experts and 4 cooperative experts, the following conclusions were drawn analyzing with Excel, SPSS V28, and AHP analysis Dress V 1.7 program First, as a model for creating jobs for the elderly, the economic factors, social factors, institutional factors, and middle categories 10 factors and sub-categories 36 factors were derived from the major categories for the utilization of sports cooperatives. Second, through senior sports cooperatives, economic activities generate income, and volunteer and talent-sharing activities provide opportunities for physical and mental health and social participation. And, as corporations, they can expand profit-making projects through government and local government collaboration and partnership projects, contributing to solving issues related to the elderly. In the future, follow-up studies are needed to explore the needs, satisfaction, problems, improvement plans, utilization plans, and development directions of sports cooperatives in the sports field.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.123-127
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• 1978

The major objective of this research is to identify those hospital characteristics that best explain cost variation among hospitals and to formulate linear models that can predict hospital costs. Specific emphasis is placed on hospital output, that is, the identification of diagnosis related patient groups (DRGs) which are medically meaningful and demonstrate similar patterns of hospital resource consumption. A casemix index is developed based on the DRGs identified. Considering the common problems encountered in previous hospital cost research, the following study requirements are estab-lished for fulfilling the objectives of this research: 1. Selection of hospitals that exercise similar medical and fiscal practices. 2. Identification of an appropriate data collection mechanism in which demographic and medical characteristics of individual patients as well as accurate and comparable cost information can be derived. 3. Development of a patient classification system in which all the patients treated in hospitals are able to be split into mutually exclusive categories with consistent and stable patterns of resource consumption. 4. Development of a cost finding mechanism through which patient groups' costs can be made comparable across hospitals. A data set of Medicare patients prepared by the Social Security Administration was selected for the study analysis. The data set contained 27,229 record abstracts of Medicare patients discharged from all but one short-term general hospital in Connecticut during the period from January 1, 1971, to December 31, 1972. Each record abstract contained demographic and diagnostic information, as well as charges for specific medical services received. The 'AUT-OGRP System' was used to generate 198 DRGs in which the entire range of Medicare patients were split into mutually exclusive categories, each of which shows a consistent and stable pattern of resource consumption. The 'Departmental Method' was used to generate cost information for the groups of Medicare patients that would be comparable across hospitals. To fulfill the study objectives, an extensive analysis was conducted in the following areas: 1. Analysis of DRGs: in which the level of resource use of each DRG was determined, the length of stay or death rate of each DRG in relation to resource use was characterized, and underlying patterns of the relationships among DRG costs were explained. 2. Exploration of resource use profiles of hospitals; in which the magnitude of differences in the resource uses or death rates incurred in the treatment of Medicare patients among the study hospitals was explored. 3. Casemix analysis; in which four types of casemix-related indices were generated, and the significance of these indices in the explanation of hospital costs was examined. 4. Formulation of linear models to predict hospital costs of Medicare patients; in which nine independent variables (i. e., casemix index, hospital size, complexity of service, teaching activity, location, casemix-adjusted death. rate index, occupancy rate, and casemix-adjusted length of stay index) were used for determining factors in hospital costs. Results from the study analysis indicated that: 1. The system of 198 DRGs for Medicare patient classification was demonstrated not only as a strong tool for determining the pattern of hospital resource utilization of Medicare patients, but also for categorizing patients by their severity of illness. 2. The wei틴fed mean total case cost (TOTC) of the study hospitals for Medicare patients during the study years was $11,27.02 with a standard deviation of $117.20. The hospital with the highest average TOTC ($1538.15) was 2.08 times more expensive than the hospital with the lowest average TOTC ($743.45). The weighted mean per diem total cost (DTOC) of the study hospitals for Medicare patients during the sutdy years was $107.98 with a standard deviation of $15.18. The hospital with the highest average DTOC ($147.23) was 1.87 times more expensive than the hospital with the lowest average DTOC ($78.49). 3. The linear models for each of the six types of hospital costs were formulated using the casemix index and the eight other hospital variables as the determinants. These models explained variance to the extent of 68.7 percent of total case cost (TOTC), 63.5 percent of room and board cost (RMC), 66.2 percent of total ancillary service cost (TANC), 66.3 percent of per diem total cost (DTOC), 56.9 percent of per diem room and board cost (DRMC), and 65.5 percent of per diem ancillary service cost (DTANC). The casemix index alone explained approximately one half of interhospital cost variation: 59.1 percent for TOTC and 44.3 percent for DTOC. Thsee results demonstrate that the casemix index is the most importand determinant of interhospital cost variation Future research and policy implications in regard to the results of this study is envisioned in the following three areas: 1. Utilization of casemix related indices in the Medicare data systems. 2. Refinement of data for hospital cost evaluation. 3. Development of a system for reimbursement and cost control in hospitals.