• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.700-708
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• 2014

The volatile composition of veal has yet to be reported and is one of the important factors determining meat character and quality. To identify the most important aroma compounds in veal from Holstein bull calves fed one of three diets, samples were subjected to solid-phase microextraction (SPME) combined with gas chromatography-quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Most of the important odorants were aldehydes and alcohols. For group A (veal calves fed entirely on milk for 90 d before slaughter), the most abundant compound class was the aldehydes (52.231%), while that was alcohols (26.260%) in group C (veal calves fed starter diet for at least 60 d before slaughter). In both classes the absolute percentages of the volatile compounds in veal were different indicating that the veal diet significantly (p<0.05) affected headspace volatile composition in veal as determined by principal component analysis (PCA). Twenty three volatile compounds showed significance by using a partial least-squared discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) (VIP>1). The establishment of the global volatile signature of veal may be a useful tool to define the beef diet that improves the organoleptic characteristics of the meat and consequently impacts both its taste and economic value.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.211-217
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• 2014

A new needle-based device for headspace wire coated in-needle microextraction (HS-WC-INME) was fabricated using a nichrome wire coated with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) mixture. The proposed needle device was applied for the determination of volatile compounds in lavender and lavandin essential oils by gas chromatography. Fundamental parameters such as needle design, conditions of extraction and desorption were optimized along with the validation of the extraction and desorption efficiency. The optimal conditions were 30 min extraction at $50^{\circ}C$ and 2 min desorption at $240^{\circ}C$. The calibration curves showed good linearity with the suitable values of the coefficients of determination ($r^2$) greater than 0.99. The limits of detection for linalyl acetate, ${\beta}$-caryophyllene, linalool and (+)-limonene were 7.15, 9.04, 10.79 and 22.26 ng, respectively. Analytical recoveries were acceptable in the test samples, varying from 86.7% to 108.0%. The values of relative standard deviations for run to run showed range less than 0.9% while 3.9% through 7.2% for needle to needle. The proposed PEG-PDMS coating could be more suitable than PDMS coating to extract particular polar groups such as alcohols.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.165-177
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• 2024

Volatile compounds (VOCs) are an important factor affecting meat quality. However, the characteristic VOCs in different parts of donkey meat remain unknown. Accordingly, this study represents a preliminary investigation of VOCs to differentiate between different cuts of donkey meat by using headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) combined with chemometrics analysis. The results showed that the 31 VOCs identified in donkey meat, ketones, alcohols, aldehydes, and esters were the predominant categories. A total of 10 VOCs with relative odor activity values ≥1 were found to be characteristic of donkey meat, including pentanone, hexanal, nonanal, octanal, and 3-methylbutanal. The VOC profiles in different parts of donkey meat were well differentiated using three- and two-dimensional fingerprint maps. Nine differential VOCs that represent potential markers to discriminate different parts of donkey meat were identified by chemometrics analysis. These include 2-butanone, 2-pentanone, and 2-heptanone. Thus, the VOC profiles in donkey meat and specific VOCs in different parts of donkey meat were revealed by HS-GC-IMS combined with chemometrics, whcih provided a basis and method of investigating the characteristic VOCs and quality control of donkey meat.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.180-185
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• 2006

Two different extraction procedures, SDE and SPME, were employed to determine a comprehensive and efficient fragrance profile of Korean Rosa hybrida. Both extraction methods could compensate for each other, covering compounds with diverse boiling point, polarities, and chemical properties. A total of 46 compounds were identified in Mi-hyang. The identified compounds were composed of 17 alcohols, 14 carbonyls, 7 aliphatic hydrocarbons, 2 terpene hydrocarbons, 4 benzenes, 1 ester, and 1 miscellaneous compound. Quantitatively, carbonyls($12.96{\sim}21.79%$ in essential oils of SDE and $2.89{\sim}8.44%$ in SPME headspace) and alcohols($7.98{\sim}11.73%$ in essential oils of SDE and $3.39{\sim}17.35%$ in SPME headspace) were dominant in Mi-hyang's volatiles.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.2389-2395
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• 2007

Headspace solid phase trapping solvent extraction (HS-SPTE) and GC-MS was applied for the characterization of volatile flavors from fennel, anise seed, star-anise, dill seed, fennel bean, and Ricard aperitif liquor. Tenax was used for HS-SPTE adsorption material. Recoveries, precision, linear dynamic ranges, and the limit of detection in the analytical method were validated. There were some similarities and distinct differences between fennel-like samples. The Korean and the Chinese fennels contained trans-anethole, (+)-limonene, anisealdehyde, methyl chavicol as major components. The volatile aroma components from star anise were characterised by rich trans-anethole, (+)-limonene, methyl chavicol, and anisaldehyde. Additionally, principal component analysis (PCA) has been used for characterizing or classifying eight different fennel-like samples according to origin or other features. A quite different pattern of dill seed was found due to the presence of apiol (dill).

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.118-124
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• 2000

Lipoxygenase(LOX) in soybeans is responsible for beany flavors which limit the wide utilization of soybeans to foods. This study was conducted to analyze beany flavor compounds of the normal Hwagkeumkong and LOX-deficient soybean cultivars, Jinpumkong which lacks L-2, L-3, and Jinpumkong 2 which lacks all L-1, L-2, L-3. Using the combination of dynamic headspace sampling and gas chromatography-mass selective detector(DHS-GC-MSD) for analyzing volatile compounds, hexanal and hexanol were identified in whole soy flour of all three soybena cultivars. Hwangkeumkong had more volatile compounds than Jinpumkong and Jinpumkong 2 in defatted soy flour. Hexanal and acetic acid were identified in soy milk of all three soybean cultivars but Hwangkeumkong had more volatile compounds than Jinpumkong 2. From the analysis with a static headspace sampling(SHS) and GC-MSD the major compounds were hexanal, acetic acid, 1-hexanol, and 1-octen-3-ol. The content of acetic acid was similar among three cultivars. But contents of hexanal and pentanal in Jinpumkong 2 were less than that of Jinpumkong and Hwangkeumkong. Using GC-FID, Jinpumkong 2 had less contents of hexanal and pentanol than Hwangkeumkong in whole soy flour and defatted soy flour. In this study, LOX-deficient soybean cultivars showed less hexanal, pentanol and other compounds than the normal Hwangkeumkong. However quite amount of beany flavor compounds were identified in Jinpumkong and Jinpumkong 2. So further studies are required to characterize LOX isozymes, to understand the mechanisms of beany flavors production, and to develop some other methods for removing beany flavor.

• 분석과학
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.458-465
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• 2003

수용액 시료 중 휘발성 지방산을 HS (headspace)-SPME (Solid phase microextraction)를 이용하여 간편하고 빠르게 분석하는 방법에 대하여 연구하였다. 1-Pyrenyldiazomethane (PDAM)을 이용한 화이버 내 유도체화를 통하여 휘발성 지방산의 검출감도를 향상시킬 수 있었으며, SPME 추출조건으로 pH, 염 효과 및 초음파 추출에 대하여 조사하였다. 본 연구에서 개발된 방법을 기반으로 실제 폐수 중 휘발성 지방산을 추출하여 기체크로마토그래피/질량분석기-선택이온검색법으로 정량 분석하였다.

• 한국식품영양과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식품영양과학회 2001년도 International Symposium on Food,Nutrition and Health for 21st Century
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• pp.140-151
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• 2001

This study was performed to examine a possible application of the beverage as a bad breath controlling food. To achieve this objective, methods of gas chromatography, electronic nose, sensory analysis and halimeter were used to detect reduction in odor intensities of bad breath caused by the functional beverage as well as its active ingredients. According to results of GC and electronic nose, adding green tea and champignon extracts to bad breath indicators, methylmercaptan and trimethylamine, resulted in significant reduction in headspace concentrations of two indicators. GC results revealed that headspace concentrations of 5 ug/ml of methylmercaptan and 30 ug/ml of trimethylamine added to various concentrations of two extracts were reduced up to $100\%$ after incubating mixtures at $37^{\circ}C$ for 5min. When the functional beverage was properly formulated with green tea extract, champignon extract and $\alpha$-cyclodextrin and evaluated for its deodorizing effect systematically, it also showed distinctive deodorizing activities against bad breath indicators. Conclusively, results obtained from this study might encourage introduction of a new type of bad breath control food in near future.

• 분석과학
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.39-49
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• 2012

HS-SPME GC-MS에 의한 지표수 중에 37개 휘발성유기물질을 동시에 분석하는 방법을 개발하였다. 이 방법은 물 중 휘발성유기물질을 헤드스페이스 vial에서 $40 ^{\circ}C$에서 30분간 가열 85 ${\mu}m$ carboxen-polydimethylsiloxane에 흡착시키는 방법이다. 4.0 mL의 물 시료를 사용하여 확립한 조건하에서 정량한계는 4.1-96 ng/L의 범위를 나타냈고 이러한 검출한계는 US EPA 또는 독일에서 확립한 준거치의 1/10 이하 값을 만족시켰으며 0.05 ${\mu}g/L$와 0.50 ${\mu}g/L$의 농도에서 정밀도는 15% 이내를 보였다. 이 정량한계는 준거치를 결정하기 위한 조사연구에서 요구하는 최소 감도이다. 확립한 방법을 사용하여 금강물 16개 시료를 분석한 결과 16개 휘발성유기화합물이 검출되었으며 측정값은 US EPA 또는 독일에서 확립한 준거치 이하의 값을 보였다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.161-168
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• 2006

식물체의 향기성분을 분리하는데 주로 사용되는 headspace(DHS, RPHS)법, SPME법, SDE법, SFE법과 최근에 개발된 PDE법으로 솔잎의 휘발성 성분을 추출하였다. 추출된 성분을 Ge/MS를 이용하여 총 65종의 휘발성 성분을 확인하였다. 확인된 성분은 terpene류 25종, alcoholfb류 16종, carbonyls류 9종, esters류 6종, acids류 7종, esters 화합물이 2종인 것으로 나타났다. Headspace(DHS, RPHS)법과 SPME 법에서는 휘발성이 강한 ethyl acetate, 2-ethyl furan, $\beta$-myrcene 등과 같은 저비점 휘발성 성분들이 많이 추출되었다. 반면에, 고비점 휘발성 성분들인 nerolidol, spathulenol, benzoic acid 등은 휘발 성분 추출시 열이 가해지는 SDE법, SFE법, PDE법 등에서는 확인되었으나 headspace법과 SPME법에서는 확인되지 않았다. 이들 6가지 추출방법에서 저비점 휘발성 성분 분석에는 headspace(DHS)법이 가장 좋은 것으로 나타났으며, 고비점 휘발성 성분 분석에는 SDE법이 가장 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 최근에 개발된 PDE법은 SDE법에 비해 추출효율 변에서 약간 떨어지나 전처리 방법이 간단하므로 짧은 시간에 많은 시료를 분석할 때 가장 적합한 방법인 것으로 판단된다.