• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.271-279
• /
• 1998

This study was conducted to compare the serum composition and urinary excretion in four institutional groups and the effects of intakes of good foods and harmful foods according to the Sasang constitiution for a short time on serum and ruine compositon. The contitutions of 33 female stucdents were classified by O-ring test and muscular strength test according to the Sasang constitution, The number of each institutional group was So-yang-in 11, So-em-in 10 and Tae-em-in 12. No subject belonged to Tae-yang-in There were no significant differences among contitutional groups in the values of most serum composition and urinary excretion Serum levels of total cholesterol, glucose, calcium and phosphorus in Tae-em-in was the highest among groups and the level of albumin and total protein in So-em-in was highest. The values of serum compositions changed after the 33 subjects took good foods and then harmful foods according to The Sasang constitution for a short time(5 days). Dietary behavior of the subjects had some effects among the constitutional groups in the values of most serum composition and urinary excretion. But the effects of dietary behavior on the serum composition and urinary excretion showed various trends in the four institutional groups.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.28-35
• /
• 1976

To know changes of the food preferences and the practice of pica during pregnancy, ninety two women in the latter half of pregnancy were interviewed in April, 1976 at ten medical centers in Seoul. They were average 27.1 years old, and mostly middle class. 83.7% of the total subjects felt the changes of food preferences due to pregnancy within the first trimester. 60.9% had vomiting as well as losing their appetite and 17.3% vomited three or more times daily which might induce difficulties of water and electrolytes balance in body. The preferences about foods, the taste of foods, and various dishes cooked during morning sickness were changed significantly and showed in lower scores of likes and higher scores of dislikes than those before pregnancy. Particularly, cooked rice and kimchi indicated the increase of more than 50% in dislikes. The preferences after the morning sickness were turned back to those before pregnancy. Desire for water through foods like soft drinks, juice, ice cream, and gamju and salty foods seemed to be spontaneous during pregnancy. A majority of the subjects had three meals and no snack had included more snacks instead of meals during losing appetite and thereafter, had more frequent meals and snacks. Superstitions about chicken, squid, and cuttlefish for pregnant women were prevalent. 11.9% tabooed chicken because of harm for fetus. On the contrary, intended higher inclusions of milk, meat and dried small sardines would be helpful to satisfy the increased recommended allowances of calcium and protein for them. The practice of pica was found in 5.4% and rice was the only real item mentioned. Pica such as amylophagia or geophagia often reported in the U.S. was not answered in this study.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.47 no.5
• /
• pp.253-257
• /
• 2014

Arsenic is a ubiquitous, naturally occurring metalloid that may be a significant risk factor for cancer after exposure to contaminated drinking water, cigarettes, foods, industry, occupational environment, and air. Among the various routes of arsenic exposure, drinking water is the largest source of arsenic poisoning worldwide. Arsenic exposure from ingested foods usually comes from food crops grown in arsenic-contaminated soil and/or irrigated with arsenic-contaminated water. According to a recent World Health Organization report, arsenic from contaminated water can be quickly and easily absorbed and depending on its metabolic form, may adversely affect human health. Recently, the US Food and Drug Administration regulations for metals found in cosmetics to protect consumers against contaminations deemed deleterious to health; some cosmetics were found to contain a variety of chemicals including heavy metals, which are sometimes used as preservatives. Moreover, developing countries tend to have a growing number of industrial factories that unfortunately, harm the environment, especially in cities where industrial and vehicle emissions, as well as household activities, cause serious air pollution. Air is also an important source of arsenic exposure in areas with industrial activity. The presence of arsenic in airborne particulate matter is considered a risk for certain diseases. Taken together, various potential pathways of arsenic exposure seem to affect humans adversely, and future efforts to reduce arsenic exposure caused by environmental factors should be made.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.569-588
• /
• 2013

The organic foods is the terminology calling the organic products, the organic livestock and the organic processing food. The value of organic food may be evaluated as the index of the nutrient content, the safety and the health promotion. The reason why consumers prefer the organic food in the market is because the value of health promotion to be obtained through its consumption is expected to be bigger than the expense according to the purchase of organic food. This study has the significance in developing the direct evaluation model like the human biomonitoring method. The hypothesis for this study is summarized, "If the metabolome of metabolic syndrome of decreases, the exposure of substance of health harm decreases, the number of hospital care decreases and the quality of life shall be improved if the organic food is incepted in the long term and the health care is managed well". The consumer's cooperative and the health consumer's cooperative select the experimental group of 100 persons and the comparative group of 100 persons in 5 areas in the whole country at the same time to verify this hypothesis. Its rate of change is compared and analyzed by measuring the blood and urine of each biomarkers such as the exposed agriculture pesticides, the nitrate in the body at intervals of 2 months for 1 year. Also, by letting participants in the experiment record the major activity such as the dietary intake and the exercise, etc., in the questionnaire and the performance evaluation form, the statistical analysis for the correlation of this with the metabolome, etc., is conducted. The time that is called minimum 1 year and a lot of expense are required to implement this model. Accordingly, the cooperative study by composing the consortium of the interdisciplinary and the interagency is desirable.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
• /
• 2002.10a
• /
• pp.125-134
• /
• 2002

Crop Protection Products (CPPs) are a useful weapon in our fight against the pests, diseases and weeds that harm or destroy our food. To be effective CPPs need to exhibit some persistence. The consequence of this is that residues of the original material or its metabolites may remain on food and thus there is a potential for the intake of such residues. The issue of CPP residues in food is an emotional subject and is rarely debated rationally or supported by scientific facts. Media headlines like “Poison in our food” or “These days enough Pesticides (CPPs) are sprayed onto vegetables to turn you into one” are testimony to the high level of emotion that surrounds the subject of CPP residues in food. Recent surveys of consumers have indicated that more than 80 percent view CPP residues in food as a “serious hazard”. This significantly exceeds concerns over drugs, hormones in meat, nitrates in food, irradiated foods, food additives, or artificial colours.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
• /
• v.57 no.4
• /
• pp.651-674
• /
• 2011

This paper approaches Sir Thomas More, Coriolanus, Pericles in terms of the relationship of food to national identity. These three plays examine ways in which food is essential to what constitutes English national identity, and food shortages give rise to riots thereby throwing everyday life into disorder. In Sir Thomas More food shortages are caused by foreign foodstuff and foreign habits of consumption. Rioting Londoners fear that the European foreigners' strange dietary habits would do harm on English food, the English body and English economy. In Coriolanus starvation is the primary trigger for the enmity between the senators and citizens. Menenius employs the fable of the belly to quell the hungry citizens' anger and to emphasize the senators' role as a store of nutrition to feed the body, that is, the citizens. Coriolanus' contempt for the body's need comes to a devastating end. In Pericles the famine is brought about by the gluttonous consumption of specific foods. The problem of greedy consumption becomes that of living in the cannibalistic situation where mothers are willing to eat their children and married couples one another. Pericles feeds the hungry people with bread, and is also saved from starvation by the fishermen after shipwreck. In this way the three plays provide the examples of Shakespeare's notion on healthy food and feeding.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.23-27
• /
• 2006

Doxorubicin (DXR) is a type of anti-cancer drug called an 'anthracycline glycoside', It works by impairing DNA synthesis, a crucial feature of cell division, and thus is able to target rapidly dividing cells. Doxorubicin is a very serious anti-cancer medication with definite potential to do great harm as well as great good. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) method was developed to identify and quantify DXR in small-volume biological samples. After the addition of internal standard (IS, $5{\mu}L\;of\;1{\mu}M/ml$ daunorubicin methanol solution) into the serum sample, the drug and IS were extracted by methanol. Following vortex for a 1min and centrifugation at 15,000g for 10 min the organic phase was transferred and evaporated under a vacuum. The residue was reconstituted with $350{\mu}L$ of mobile phase and $10{\mu}L$ was injected into C18 column with mobile phase composed of 0.05M ammonium acetate (0.1 M acetic acid adjusted to pH 3.5) and acetonitrile (40:60, v/v). The flow rate was kept constant at $350{\mu}L/min$. The ions were quantified in the multiple reaction mode (MRM), using positive ions, on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. The lower limits of quantification for Doxorubicin in plasma and small tissues were approximately 0.5 ng/mL and 0.5 ng/mL respectively. Intra- and inter-assay accuracy (% of nominal concentration) and precision (% CV) for all analytes were within 15%, respectively.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.220-234
• /
• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge and attitude of a group of mothers who had infants about baby bottle tooth decay(BBTD) and dental caries prevention. The sample consisted of 261 mothers who had infants from 6 to 36 months from certain areas of Dae-jeon city. The mothers were asked to answer a questionnaire which included a series of questions regarding general information cencerning the infant and his mother, knowledge about BBTD and methods of prevention using fluoride, knowledge about behavioral risk factors contributing to caries of the infant, attitude toward oral health care of the infant, opinions regarding the effectiveness of methods to prevent dental caries and sources of oral health information. he results of this study were as follow. 1. 85.4% of the respondents thought that prolonged bottle feeding would harm the teeth of the infant, but 77% of the respondents had never heard of baby bottle tooth decay. 2. Levels of knowledge about methods of prevention using fluoride were relatively low and there were significant relationships between the levels of this knowledge and the educational level of the respondents(P<0.05). 3. Only 7.3% of the respondents thought that prolonged breast feeding would harm the teeth of the infant. 4. Overall oral health care of the infants was relatively insufficient. 5. Only 28.7% of the respondents selected either when the first tooth erupt or deciduous dentition complete as the time a infant should first be seen by a dentist. 6. 64.6% of the respondents thought that toothbrushing should be instituted once the first tooth appears. 7. Among the six methods of preventing caries in infants, respondents ranked the effective of fluoride lower than making regular dental visits and reducing intake of sugared foods. 8. Most frequently cited sources of information about dental health were newspapers, magazines and books(65%), followed by friends, neighborhoods and families (55%).

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.344-353
• /
• 2013

The widespread pursuit for the thin physique may have detrimental impact on the wellbeing of the young generation, especially females. This study aimed to determine the effect of wanting very low body weight on dietary habits and psychological factors of female adolescents. Participants were 619 girls from 5 high schools in Kyeonggi, Korea. Information on dietary behaviors, psychological factors as well as current heights and weights and the desired weight for current height were obtained by questionnaire. Of total subjects, 38.1%, 35.5%, and 26.5% desired weights corresponding to normal (10~85 percentile), low (3~10 percentile) and very low BMI (< 3 percentile), respectively. The subjects who wanted to be very low weight had the average BMI of 18.57 kg/m2, which was significantly lower than $21.21kg/m^2$ of those who wanted to be normal weight (p < 0.001). The subjects who desired very low weight had significantly higher scores for depression symptoms (p < 0.05), while there were no differences in obsession to lose weight and obesity stress. Moreover, more subjects in this group had undesirable dietary habits such as eating fast foods more than weekly (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that the desire for extreme thinness may lead female adolescents to have not only unreasonably similar obesity stress and obsession to lose weight but also higher depression symptoms, along with undesirable dietary habits. The findings suggest the potential harm from excessive weight concerns of female adolescents; thus efforts to teach this group about healthy weights are urgently needed.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.55 no.4
• /
• pp.430-440
• /
• 2022

Selenium is an important trace mineral that plays an essential role in maintaining the body's immunity with oxidative stress defense and antioxidant activity, immunity, thyroid hormone control, defense against drug or heavy metal harm, and reducing the risk of chronic diseases. A selenium deficiency increases the risk of various chronic diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, neurological disease, osteoarthritis, muscle necrosis and weakness, thyroid disease, and inflammatory diseases. This paper explains the criteria for establishing and revising selenium in the 2020 Dietary Reference Intake for Koreans (KDRIs) and reviews the current status of the selenium database and suggestions for setting the 2025 KDRIs in the future. In the 2020 KDRIs, the selenium intake with the maximum plasma selenoprotein P level was used as the criteria. The weight and coefficient of the variation were applied to the Chinese' reported values. Compared to 2015 KDRIs, there were some revisions in the selenium dietary reference intakes by gender and age according to the change in reference weight. To improve and revise selenium dietary reference intakes in the future, a selenium intervention study is needed to determine the maximum level of plasma selenoprotein P in Koreans. In addition, a revision of the selenium database of the nutritional assessment program (CAN-Pro 5.0) is needed. An analysis of the selenium content of foods should be expanded to assess the selenium intake accurately. In addition, research on the relationship between selenium intake and the biological indicators in the body is required for healthy people and subjects of special environments, such as patients and athletes with various oxidative stress.