• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2007년도 심포지엄 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
• /
• pp.157-159
• /
• 2007

The conventional hard disk has been the dominant database storage system for over 25 years. Recently, hybrid systems which incorporate the advantages of flash memory into the conventional hard disks are considered to be the next dominant storage systems to support databases for desktops and server computers. Their features are satisfying the requirements like enhanced data I/O, energy consumption and reduced boot time, and they are sufficient to hybrid storage systems as major database storages. However, we need to improve traditional index node management schemes based on B-Tree due to the relatively slow characteristics of hard disk operations, as compared to flash memory. In order to achieve this goal, we propose a new index node management scheme called FNC-Tree. FNC-Tree-based index node management enhanced search and update performance by caching data objects in unused free area of flash leaf nodes to reduce slow hard disk I/Os in index access processes.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보처리학회 2011년도 추계학술발표대회
• /
• pp.123-125
• /
• 2011

A SATA hard disk has been widely used in recent years and NCQ is one of its crucial features. Despite the development from IDE to SATA disk, there is still much room for improvement for a SATA disk. In addition, until now a hard disk is a black box to us and it is very hard to make research at the level of a disk controller. To enhance the performance of NCQ, we try to do I/O clustering over the requests, which combines multiple sequential requests into a single large one. To evaluate the effect of an I/O clustering mechanism, we created a simple but practical SATA hard disk simulator. Experimental results show that the proposed approach is effective in enhancing the I/O performance of a SATA disk.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.157-172
• /
• 2014

Contemporary embedded systems often use NAND flash memory instead of hard disks as their swap space of virtual memory. Since the read/write characteristics of NAND flash memory are very different from those of hard disks, an efficient page replacement algorithm is needed for this environment. Our analysis shows that temporal locality is dominant in virtual memory references but that is not the case for write references, when the read and write references are monitored separately. Based on this observation, we present a new page replacement algorithm that uses different strategies for read and write operations in predicting the re-reference likelihood of pages. For read operations, only temporal locality is used; but for write operations, both write frequency and temporal locality are used. The algorithm logically partitions the memory space into read and write areas to keep track of their reference patterns precisely, and then dynamically adjusts their size based on their reference patterns and I/O costs. Without requiring any external parameter to tune, the proposed algorithm outperforms CLOCK, CAR, and CFLRU by 20%-66%. It also supports optimized implementations for virtual memory systems.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.593-600
• /
• 2007

휴대용 기기나 디지털 미디어 기기와 같은 소형 컴퓨터는 저장 매체로 NAND 타입의 플래시 메모리를 사용한다. 하지만 이러한 기기에 사용되는 DBMS의 경우 대부분 하드디스크를 저장매체로 사용되도록 최적화되어 있다. 플래시 메모리를 사용하는 소형 컴퓨터 시스템에서는 DBMS를 사용할 때 플래시메모리를 기존 하드디스크와 같은 인터페이스로 제어하기 위해 플래시전용의 파일시스템이나 FTL 등의 계층을 추가적으로 사용하게 되며, 이 때 DBMS는 플래시 메모리를 직접 제어할 수 없게 된다. 본 논문에서는 DBMS가 파일 시스템이나 FTL과 같은 부가적인 계층 구조를 이용하지 않고 플래시 메모리를 직접 제어할 수 있는 통합된 저장 시스템을 제안한다. 또한 제안한 시스템을 실제 시스템에 직접 구현해 DBMS의 성능이 기존 시스템에 비해 크게 향상됨을 보였다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제24권6호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2019

Hard disks, which have long been used as secondary storage in computing systems, are increasingly being replaced by solid state drives (SSDs), due to their relatively fast data input / output speeds and small, light weight. SSDs that use NAND flash memory as a storage medium are significantly different from hard disks in terms of physical operation and internal operation. In particular, there is a feature that data overwrite can not be performed, which causes erase operation before writing. In order to solve this problem, a hot data for frequently updating a data for a specific page is distinguished from a cold data for a relatively non-hot data. Hot data identification helps to improve overall performance by identifying and managing hot data separately. Among the various hot data identification methods known so far, there is a technique of recording consecutive write requests by using a Bloom filter and judging the values by hot data. However, the Bloom filter technique has a problem that a new bit array must be generated every time a set of items is changed. In addition, since it is judged based on a continuous write request, it is possible to make a wrong judgment. In this paper, we propose a method using a counting filter for accurate hot data verification. The proposed method examines consecutive write requests. It also records the number of times consecutive write requests occur. The proposed method enables more accurate hot data verification.

• 정보보호학회논문지
• /
• 제25권5호
• /
• pp.1059-1065
• /
• 2015

하드디스크에 설정되는 패스워드는 일반적으로 잘 알려지지 않았을 뿐만 아니라, 설정되면 데이터에 접근이 불가능하기 때문에 포렌식 조사를 방해하는 목적으로 사용될 수 있다. 하드디스크의 패스워드를 해제하기 위해서는 PC-3000과 같은 고가의 도구가 필요한데 이는 조직에 비용 부담을 주며, 해당 도구에 익숙지 않은 조사관에게는 조사 시 어려움을 준다. 본 논문에서는 하드디스크 패스워드를 해제하기 위해 필요한 내용을 정리하고 고가의 도구없이 하드디스크에 설정된 패스워드를 해제하는 방법들을 제안한다. 그리고 이 중 특정 제조사에 특화된 방법을 이용하여 패스워드를 획득하고 하드디스크의 잠금을 해제하는 절차를 제시한다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2007년도 학술대회 논문집 전문대학교육위원
• /
• pp.175-178
• /
• 2007

This paper is presented for the design of the thrust yoke for the spindle motors. HDD spindle motors are rotated by fluid dynamic bearing which consists of the shaft and the sleeve with the groove to generate the pressure. Because the thrust and journal clearances between shaft and sleeve is too small, around 8um and 2.5um, respectively, it is very difficult to design the bearing to come up to the disks to read and write the data. By the way, it is also so hard to overcome the load of the disks with only the thrust bearing. So, the paper is proposed for the trust yoke to come up to the disks considering of the force of the thrust bearing. In this paper, we proposed the thrust yoke with an unique fluid dynamic bearing in comparison with the motors without thrust yoke. Experimental results show the performance of the thrust yoke of the spindle motors for an HDD.

• 소음진동
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.163-168
• /
• 1995

A criterion for the selection of spindle motor speeds in a hard disk drive (HDD) is investigated to guarantee stability and reduce nonrepeatable runout of a spining disk. Since the natural frequencies of the spining disk and the forced frequencies generated from the spindle motor depend on the rotating speed, careful consideration should be taken to avoid the resonance between the disk and motor. To do this, the natural frequencies of the spining disk are calculated and they are compared with the forced frequencies from the spindle motor.

• 정보저장시스템학회논문집
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.41-46
• /
• 2010

Recently, Flash Memory Drives are one of the best media to support portable and desktop computers' storage devices. Their features include non-volatility, low power consumption, and fast access time for read operations, which are sufficient to present flash memories as major database storage components for desktop and server computers. However, we need to improve traditional storage management schemes based on HDD(Hard Disk Drive) and RAID(Redundant Array of Independent Disks) due to the relatively slow or freezing characteristics of write operations of SSDs, as compared to fast read operations. In order to achieve this goal, we propose a new storage management scheme called Hetero-Mirroring based on traditional HDD mirroring scheme. Hetero-Mirroring-based storage management improves RAID-1 operation performance by balancing write-workloads and delaying write operations to avoid SSD freezing.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국소음진동공학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.539-542
• /
• 2002

The role of disk clamp is to fasten disks to motor and to prevent the slip of disks during operation. This paper examined the effects of the design parameters of disk clamp - thickness, contact radius and cross-sectional shape -on the clamping force and circumferential stress distribution of disk. The large stress variation in circumferential direction results in large disk waveness and will increase repeatable run-out (RRO) finally. The disk clamp-disk-disk spacer system is modeled and the FE analysis is performed by ANSYS. The disk clamp with large contact radius shows more uniform stress distribution than the one with small contact radius and the stiffness variation around circumferential direct ion or the addition of the bending sect ion can make stress distribution uniform.