• 음성과학
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.27-39
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• 2003

This study attempts to verify the reliability of automatically generated segment labels as compared to those obtained by conventional labelling by hand. First of all, an autolabeller is constructed using the standard HMM speech recognition technique. For evaluation, we compare the automatically generated labels with manually annotated labels for the same speech data. The comparison is performed by calculating the temporal difference between an autolabel boundary and its corresponding hand label boundary. When the mismatched duration between two labels falls within 10 msec, we consider the autolabel as correct. The results suggest that overall 78% of autolabels are correctly obtained. It is found that the boundary of obstruents is better aligned than that of sonorants and vowels. In case of stop sound classes, strong stops in manner-of-articulation wise and velar stops in place-of-articulation wise show better performance in boundary alignment. The result suggests that more phone-specific consideration is necessary to improve autosegmentation performance.

• 한국통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국통신학회 2006년도 하계종합학술발표회 논문 초록집
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• pp.399-399
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• 2006

• ETRI Journal
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.34-39
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• 1985

The operating support systems such as CSMS, TLMOS, and SLMOS may be related each other. At the present time, UNIX system is most popular operating system. TLMOS and SLMOS have been developed under the UNIX environment and using C language. On the other hand CSMS was built on HP RTE O. S. using Pascal. When we constuct the operation and maintenance organization by networking several operations support system, the interface of intersystem must be simple and the integrity of whole system must be kept. It is somewhat valuable to investigate transfering CSMS from RTE O. S. to UNIX in order to integrate operations and maintenance systems. Here, we give a basic material about porting CSMS in UNIX.

• Transactions on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.285-297
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• 2000

One of the research objectives in the area of multimedia human-computer interaction is the application of artificial intelligence and robotics technologies to the development of computer interfaces. This involves utilizing many forms of media, integrating speed input, natural language, graphics, hand pointing gestures, and other methods for interactive dialogues. Although current human-computer communication methods include computer keyboards, mice, and other traditional devices, the two basic ways by which people communicate with each other are voice and gesture. This paper reports on research focusing on the development of an intelligent multimedia interface system modeled based on the manner in which people communicate. This work explores the interaction between humans and computers based only on the processing of speech(Work uttered by the person) and processing of images(hand pointing gestures). The purpose of the interface is to control a pan/tilt camera to point it to a location specified by the user through utterance of words and pointing of the hand, The systems utilizes another stationary camera to capture images of the users hand and a microphone to capture the users words. Upon processing of the images and sounds, the systems responds by pointing the camera. Initially, the interface uses hand pointing to locate the general position which user is referring to and then the interface uses voice command provided by user to fine-the location, and change the zooming of the camera, if requested. The image of the location is captured by the pan/tilt camera and sent to a color TV monitor to be displayed. This type of system has applications in tele-conferencing and other rmote operations, where the system must respond to users command, in a manner similar to how the user would communicate with another person. The advantage of this approach is the elimination of the traditional input devices that the user must utilize in order to control a pan/tillt camera, replacing them with more "natural" means of interaction. A number of experiments were performed to evaluate the interface system with respect to its accuracy, efficiency, reliability, and limitation.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제12권12호
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• pp.25-34
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• 2012

최근 인터넷과 스마트폰 등과 같은 무선기기의 발달로 각 전문 분야별로 많은 언어 자원들이 인터넷 등에 활발히 공개되고 있다. 또한 이러한 정보들이 유용한지를 판별하기 위해 다양한 시스템이 개발되고 있다. 이러한 시스템을 구축하기 위해서는 데이터의 수집, 자연어 처리 등의 과정이 필요하다. 그렇지만 이러한 과정에 필요한 소프트웨어 및 데이터를 통합적으로 관리하는 시스템은 현재 미미한 상태이다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서는 이러한 과정에서 필요한 소프트웨어 및 데이터를 통합 관리하는 시스템인 uLAMP를 제안한다. 이 시스템은 경제적인 측면에서는 소프트웨어 및 데이터 자원의 중복 개발 또는 수집을 방지하여 비용을 절감할 수 있으며, 관리적인 측면에서는 소프트웨어 및 데이터 자원의 재활용성을 높일 수 있다. 아울러, 제안하는 uLAMP의 사용성 및 효용성 평가를 위해 사용자 설문을 진행하였으며, 이를 통해 데이터의 최신성과 사용자 편의성 측면에서 장점을 지니고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.71-84
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• 2010

The aim of this paper is to propose that a category P is encapsulated within a functional layer above the lexical layer, just like vP containing a lexical VP. As is well known, the category P has long been in the obscure domain of syntactic studies: Marantz (2001) and den Dikken (2003), for example, argue that P is a lexical category, but Emonds (1985), Grimshaw (1991), and Baker (2003), maintain that the category P is functional and is a closed category without its own intrinsic meaning. On the other hand, Zwart (2005) argues that it does have some meaning. Following the works of Svenonius (2003, 2006, 2007), and the spirit of Rizzi's (1997) split CP hypothesis, we elaborate and develop Svenonius' idea of split-pP analysis with detailed schematic representations of the novel examples in English, Korean, and Chinese in this paper. Unlike Svenonius, however, this paper incorporates KP into pP-Shell, which is a substantial simplification. Furthermore, Chinese Localizers that have long been considered as Postpositions are now under the category of Prepositions. This proposal renders an X-bar theoretic consistency over the categorical status of Chinese phrasal structures. In short, the present analysis accounts for inconsistency found in English complex preposition phrase (Quirk, et al, 1972, 1985), Chinese circumposition phrase (Ernst 1988, Liu, 2002) and Korean postposition phrase in a unified and consistent manner. Furthermore, by proposing a finer-grained phrasal architecture for the category P, the controversial status of the category subsides within this analysis.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.112-120
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• 2010

Generally, Interior design understood as shapes, lines, spaces, tones, quality, and principal. And people research these with a study of formative approach. The six elements of above categories are basis of expansion for the various designs. In this study, the represented design language is extracted by the basic 6 stages and re-divided into classes. This study presented by the Kobayashi-scale image of the current trends in the assignment to examine the cultural, functional, sensory vocabulary, three elements were classified by the assignment about 2008~2009 international fair by trend and design direction for the image. If we look into the categorized format of the design, it reflects mixed culture with emotional approach and shows direction of design constantly. Especially, compared to the year 2008, the design of year 2009 has tendency as an emotional translator regarding the verbal expression. In other words, it becomes more concrete to express the design of emotions for human beings. In addition, design shows detail of its flow with outcomes of past leading trend which was re-created shape. On the other hand, undeveloped cultures such as folk, historical, and unique cultures attract design leaders as it is. This research would make good relationship between designers and customers regarding the newly started international trend of design. Hereby I research with the method to reclassify the image of vocabulary from the image scale extract. It remains as a task to resolve ambiguous, complex and neutral expression for better understanding and definite analysis method to the public.

• 한국어교육
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.85-104
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of listening comprehension ability, self-efficacy, comprehension anxiety, and exposure time on Korean language understanding. In order to achieve our goal, listening examinations and surveys were conducted among 95 students from a university in Thailand, studying Korean language. As a result, it was revealed that the most influential factor on one's listening ability was self-efficacy. In addition, when the correlation between listening self-efficacy and other factors was examined, it was shown that there existed a statistically significant relationship. Particularly, listening comprehension anxiety had the most significant correlation with listening self-efficacy. Similarly, cognitive strategy demonstrated a significant correlation with listening self-efficacy. On the other hand, the effects of self-efficacy and other factors on listening scores such as the degree and types of strategy that students used were also studied. The findings revealed that, in most cases, strategy-intensive group's test results were influenced more by exposure time, while the less intensive group's scores were influenced more by their self-efficacy. Finally, after analyzing the effects of time spent on conversing with friends and watching Korean television on listening self-efficacy, it was discovered that both factors had statistically significant relationships with listening self-efficacy. Through this study, such results can be integrated and applied to education in various ways. The most important part for listening comprehension ability is enhancing self-efficacy and in order to do so, the appropriate education methods should be used to reduce listening comprehension anxiety, stimulate strategy use, and increase listening exposure time.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제19권
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• pp.251-270
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• 2010

The subject of the paper is to discern the validity of the translation theory put forward by the ESIT(Ecole Sup?rieur d'Interpr?tes et de Tranducteurs, Universit? Paris III) and how it differentiates from the other translation theories. First, the paper will analyze the theoretical aspects put forward by examining the equivalence that may be discerned between the french and korean translation in relation to the original english text that is being translated. Employing the equivalence in translation may shed new insights into the unterminable discussions we witness today between the literal translation and the free translation. Contrary to the formal equivalence the dynamic equivalence by Nida suggests that the messages retain the same meanings whether it be the original or a translated text to the/for the reader. In short, the object of the dynamic equivalence is to identify the closest equivalence to the suggested source language. The concept of correspondence and equivalence defined by theoriticians of translation falls to the domain of dynamic equivalence suggested by Nida. In translation theory the domain of usage of language and the that of discourse is denoted separately. by usage one denotes the translation through symbols that make up language itself. In contrast to this, the discourse is suggestive of defining the newly created expressions which may be denoted as being a creative equivalence which embodies the original message for the singular situation at hand. The translator will however find oneself incorporating the two opposing theories in translating. Translation falls under the criteria of text and not of language, thus one cannot regulate or foresee any special circumstances that may arise in translation of discourse, the translation to reflect this condition should always be delimited. All other translation should be subject to translation by equivalence. The interpretation theory in translation (of ESIT) in effect is relative to both the empirical and philosophical approach and is suggestive of new perspective in translation. In conclusion, the above suggested translation theory is different from the skopos theory and the polysystem theory in that it only takes in to account the elements that are in close relation to the original text, and also that it was developed for educational purposes opening new perspectives in the domain of translation theories.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.140-156
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• 2024

This study examined how the motivational language of instructors in senior fashion model classes affects learners' achievement goal orientation and interpersonal competence, as well as their intention to continue participating. The participants in this study were active seniors aged 50 and above, and the analysis was conducted using PLS-SEM and bootstrapping for mediation effects. It was found that autonomous motivation had a significant impact on task achievement goals and interpersonal competence, but not on ego achievement goals. On the other hand, controlled motivation only had a significant impact on ego achievement goals. Additionally, interpersonal competence had a significant impact on the intention to continue participating, and task achievement goals were found to mediate the relationship between autonomous motivation and interpersonal competence. This study aimed to promote understanding of the importance of instructors' motivational language in senior fashion model education and learners' psychology and to provide information that can help develop a fashion-related leisure activity curriculum. It also suggests efficient instructional directions for instructors in senior education, and it is expected to be utilized in the development of fashion-related leisure activity program curricula in the future.