• Spatial Information Research
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.119-131
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• 2010

Researchers require repetitive works such as data format analysis, reformatting and map reprojection in order to use geospatial data. To solve above problems, they are building web-based simulation systems with web developers. But the web-based systems are not efficiently developed because there is not the appropriate simulation framework for a web-based system using geospatial data. In this study, the geospatial simulation framework that can be effectively applied to the web-based system was designed and proposed. Also, the framework was composed of 7 modules; web mapping service, GIS mapping, statistics, model, processing,graphics, and geospatial datasets. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the framework, a case study of urban growth has been verified. Experts who are not specialized in geospatial information disciplines expect to build easily a web-based system using geospatial data.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.61-75
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• 1997

The social demand urges us to use some equipments and structures in high temperature environment. By this occasion, the necessity of studying the fatigue crack growth is an important aspect of new materials. However, the present situation is rarely to accumulate the fatigue data. Especially, 1Cr-1Mo-0.25V steel and 304 stainless steel have been increased to be used under the severe condition of high temperature. And so, the fatigue estimation of those materials is important and appropriate. Fatigue tests have been carried out to examine the crack initiation, growth behaviour for the small fatigue crack of 1Cr-1Mo-0.25V steel and 304 stainless steel at room temperature and 538^{\circ}C$. The remote measurement system which has many merits of checking and saving the image for detailed examination was applied to closely detect the crack length. Generally, the fatigue crack initiated in the form of multiple cracks and grew each other. And then it coalesced to become a major crack. The major crack governed the rest of the fatigue life. In the growing process, each peripheral cracks interact and grow for a certain period. After then, it coalesced and fractured. On the basis of the above experimental data for the small crack, a simulation program was developed to predict the residual life time and to estimate the integrity of machine elements and structures. At the same time, the simulation was extended to 1Cr-1Mo-0.25V steel. The simulation results have shown a good agreement to those of the experimental ones for both materials of 1Cr-1Mo-0.25V steel and 304 stainless steel with small cracks. The NASCRAC has applied to compare the fatigue life with the experimental results. And so, it can be said that the simulation program is valuable tools to the industrial fields.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.26 no.9
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• pp.1033-1048
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• 1993

This study was designed to describe the effect of the protein quality at different intake level of protein on the protein metabolism in the whole body of growing pigs with a simulation model. Varying to the protein level in feeds, four simulations were conducted. The feed protein level, represented as proportions of digestible protein to the metabolic energy (DP/ME, g/MJ), were 6-8, 11-13, 17-19, and 23-25 DP/ME, respectively. Two protein quality and six weeks of growth time were used at each simulation. The objective function for the simulations was protein deposition in the whole body, which was calculated from the experimental results. The parameters in the simulation were determined by the parameter estimation technique. The results obtained from the simulation were as follows: The protein synthesis and breakdown rates(g/day) in the whole body was increased with the increase of protein quality only at lower or required level of protein intake. They showed a parallel behavior in the course of growth, irrespective of quality and level of feed protein intake. The simulated protein deposition and protein synthesis showed a linear relationship between them at different protein quality and level. The affinity parameter showed a linear relationship between them at different protein quality and level. The affinity parameter showed that arginine, tryptophan and isoleucine were more efficient in the stimulation ofbody protein synthesis. Lysine and phenylalanine+tyrosine were less efficient. The oxidation parameter showed that histidine, pheyalanine+tyrosine were less efficient. The oxidation parameter showed that histidine, phenyalanine+tyrosine, and methionine+cystine were oxidized in larger magnitude than lysine and threonine. The oxidation parameter of most amino acids increased with the increase of protein intake beyond the requirement level, but not any more at highest protein intake level. Finally it was found that the improvement of feed protein quality at the lower or required level of protein intake increase protein deposition through a parallel increase of protein synthesis and breakdown.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.272-278
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• 2013

In this study, a c-axis displacement and an internal stress of the sapphire crystal of 300 mm length have been analyzed numerically and the crystal length having no sub-grain defects have been predicted. The hot zone structures were modified with the crucible geometry change and the additional insulation layer installed above the crucible. The simulation results show that the c-axis displacement difference between the original hot zone and others originated from the sub-grain defect formations in the sapphire ingot. When the crystal grown by CZ (Czochralski) grower using the modified hot zone, the crystal length having no sub-grain defects was increased about 57 mm maximum than the original one. When the simulation results compared with the experimental one, the predicted crystal length having no sub-grain defects were well corresponded with the experiment one in c-axis wafer of the 300 mm sapphire ingot. Therefore the sapphire crystal of 250 mm length having no sub-grain defects was successfully grown by CZ process.

• Proceedings of the Korea Association of Crystal Growth Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.117-121
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• 1997

It is shown theoretically that uniform axial dopant concentration distribution can be made throughout the crystal by continuous Czochralski process. Numerical simulation are performed for the transient two-dimensional convection-diffusion model. A typical value of the growth and system parameters for Czochralski growth of p-type, 4 inches silicon crystal was used in the numerical calculations. Using this model with proper model parameter, the axial segregation in batchwise Czochralski growth can be described. It is studied by comparing with the experimental data. With this model parameter, the uniform axial concentration distribution of dopant is predicted in continuous Czochralski process.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.26 no.9
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• pp.1325-1331
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• 2002

This study presents a numerical model to predict the behavior of frost layer growth. The characteristics of the heat and mass transfer inside the frost layer are analyzed by coupling the air flow with the frost layer. The present model is validated by comparing with the several other analytical models. It has been known that most of the previous models cause considerable errors depending on the working conditions or correlations used in predicting the frost thickness growth, whereas the model in this work estimates the thickness of the frost layer more accurately within an error of 10% in comparison with the experimental data. Simulation results are presented for variations of heat and mass transfer during the frost formation and for the behavior of frost layer growth along the direction of air flow.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.50-56
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• 2005

To demonstrate the feasibility of utilizing FCAD chart proposed in our previous work, series of crack growth/arrest behavior in the integrally stiffened panels were simulated by numerical method using upper mentioned FCAD charts and a new crack growth rate equation. It is concluded that proposed family of FCAD curves, in the form of non-dimensional arrest load ranges, are reliable indicators of fatigue crack growth/arrest behavior of integrally stiffened panels considered here.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 1999.03b
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• pp.233-236
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• 1999

In this paper. Compression in the case where dissimilar blocks are twinned variously are carried out in the condition of lubricated interface. The degree of growth is experimentally investigated. Moreover, numerical simulations are carried out by the elastic-plastic FEM for the case of the dissimilar blocks with the initial sawtooth angle of $60^{\circ}$ . The dissimilar blocks are twinned, larger difference between material properties leads smaller growth, and the degreased interface leads smaller growth than that in the lubricated one. Furthermore, by the simulation of compression where dissimilar blocks are twinned, it is confirmed that the tendency of the general deformation pattern is very similar to the experiment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.929-942
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• 2023

Web 3.0 enables people and machines to connect, evolve, share, and use knowledge on an unprecedented scale and in new ways, drastically improving our Internet experience. The metaverse is a collective, virtual shared space supporting all digital activities. Prompted by the rapid growth of digital art and digital fashion, this theoretical analysis explores using Jean Baudrillard's simulation concept to create unique digital art non-fungible tokens (NFTs), allowing them to express and communicate ideas like real-world art. Specifically, this study analyzes 120 digital fashion portraits of humans and animals and classifies them under three types of simulacra covering four stages of Baudrillard's simulation process. The result shows that NFT fashion artworks reflect the core features of a digital reality by connecting and transcending the boundaries of cultures, genders, and nationalities. However, in the final simulation stage (the fourth step), the simulacrum can only coexist in the virtual world as a hyperreal object (the Type III of simulacrum): an object more real than reality.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.47-59
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• 2017

Fish mortality is the most important success factor in aquaculture management. To order fingerlings considering the effect of mortality is a important problem in aquaculture farm. This study is aimed to decision the number and size of fry in aquaculture farm. This study build the mathematical model that finds the value of decision variable to minimize total cost that sums up the fingerling purchasing cost, aquaculture farm operating cost and feeding cost under mortality constraint. The proposed mathematical model involve biological and economical variables: (1) number of fingerlings (2) fish growth rate (3) mortality (4) price of a fry (5) feeding cost, and (6) possible order period. Numerical simulation model presented here in. The objective of numerical simulation is to provide for decision makers to analyse and comprehend the proposed model. When extensive biological and cost data become available, the proposed model can be widely applied to yield more accurate results.