• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.185-192
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• 2020

The global carbon storage regulator (Csr) system is conserved in bacteria and functions as a regulator in the exponential and stationary phases of growth in batch culture. The Csr system plays a role in the central carbon metabolism, virulence, motility, resistance to oxidative stress, and biofilm formation. Although the Csr was extensively studied in Gram negative bacteria, it has been reported only in the control of motility in Bacillus subtilis among Gram positive bacteria. The goal of this study was to explore the role of the csrA gene of Bacillus licheniformis M2-7 on motility and the bacterial ability to use hydrocarbons as carbon source. We deleted the csrA gene of B. licheniformis M2-7 using the plasmid pCsr-L, harboring the spectinomycin cassette obtained from the plasmid pHP45-omega2. Mutants were grown on culture medium supplemented with 2% glucose or 0.1% gasoline and motility was assessed by electron microscopy. We observed that CsrA negatively regulates motility by controlling the expression of the hag gene and the synthesis of flagellin. Notably, we showed the ability of B. licheniformis to use gasoline as a unique carbon source. Our results demonstrated that CsrA is an indispensable regulator for the growth of B. licheniformis M2-7 on gasoline.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.351-354
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• 2004

The cytotoxicological responses to insect growth regulator (IGR), using tebufenozide as ecdysteroid mimic, were investigated in Drosophila Kc cells. Treatment of Kc cells with tebufenozide showed significant growth inhibition and striking morphological changes including aggregation and elongation of the cells. In order to understand the cellular mechanism underlying the response of Drosophila cells to tebufenozide, immunofluorescence microscopy was performed. We found that treatment of Kc cells with tebufenozide enhanced the reorganization of f-actin and stimulated the expression of hsp27. These data suggest a possible association of filamentous actin (f-actin) and hsp27 in the cytotoxicological mechanisms of growth regulators in Drosophila cells.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2020

Since salicylic acid (SA) was discovered as an elicitor of tobacco plants inducing the resistance against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) in 1979, increasing reports suggest that SA indeed is a key plant hormone regulating plant immunity. In addition, recent studies indicate that SA can regulate many different responses, such as tolerance to abiotic stress, plant growth and development, and soil microbiome. In this review, we focused on the recent findings on SA's effects on resistance to biotic stresses in different plant-pathogen systems, tolerance to different abiotic stresses in different plants, plant growth and development, and soil microbiome. This allows us to discuss about the safe and practical use of SA as a plant defense activator and growth regulator. Crosstalk of SA with different plant hormones, such as abscisic acid, ethylene, jasmonic acid, and auxin in different stress and developmental conditions were also discussed.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.41-42
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• 2002

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.138-145
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• 1992

Rooting test of 5 species plants in Acanthopanax genus was carried out to see the comparative effect of growth regulators NAA IBA and IAA. And the results are summarized as in the following compendia; (1) When hard and soft-wood cutting from new shoot of 5 species were taken and dipping treated with growth regulators such as NAA IBA and IAA at varied concentration levels their roofings were mostly more superior to the control that untreated. And also treatment of NAA and IBA among treated substances were more effective than IAA. (2) The effects on the rooting number and rate made a great difference according to species of Acanthopanax genus even if the same regulator was treated. (3) Decreasing effects of rooting by high concentration obstacle (especially at 2,000 rpm) of NAA and IBA in other species except A. sieboldianum were mostly serious. On the other hand, that in case of IAA treatment was not risen in most species except A. sessiliflorus.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.187-192
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• 1986

Activity of endogenous growth regulator in 4th year Panax ginseng root was investigated by second leaf sheath test of rice seedling and paper chromatogram of a acidic fraction of methanol extract before (March 28) and after (May 9) emergence of root bud, at the late season (Sept.4) and after leaf fall (November 11). GA$_3$ and ABA were used as reference. According to paper and high performance liquid chromatography of samples and authentic growth regulators the presence of insole acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA$_3$) and abscisic acid (cis and trans ABA) was confirmed. These three regulators appeared to consist of major system though the existence of other regulators could not be ruled out. IAA activity seemed little changed through out the seasons. GA activity decreased in the later stages while ABA activity increased.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.311-318
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• 2015

This study had been conducted to investigate the effect of some plant growth regulators inducing fruit enlargement and optimal harvest time in Sageretia thea. Two hundred fifty $mg/{\ell}$ mepiquat chloride treatment, $1mg/{\ell}$ thidiazuron treatment on full bloom, and $200mg/{\ell}$ gibberellic acid treatment on 7 days before full bloom resulted in the increase of 21.7% in weight, and $200mg/{\ell}$ gibberellic acid treatment 7 days before full bloom, 10$mg/{\ell}$ forchlorfenuron treatment 14 days after full bloom, and $1mg/{\ell}$ thidiazuron treatment on full bloom also brought about positive effects on the enlargement of the fruit, increasing 6.3%, 6.3% and 8.1% in its transverse diameter, respectively. Furthermore, the effects of the plant growth regulator treatments on the harvest time of Sageretia thea were determined as follows: the increase in the optimal harvest time of 57.2 - 75.4%, shorter maturation period, by the treatments with $500mg/{\ell}$ mepiquat chloride 7 days after full bloom, $100mg/{\ell}$ gibberellic acid treatment on full bloom, $2.5mg/{\ell}$ forchlorofenuron 7 days after full bloom and $2mg/{\ell}$ thidiazuron treatment 7 days before full bloom; and the greater effects of plant growth regulator treatments on the fruit maturation in the following order, gibberellic acid > thidiazuron > forchlorofenuron > mepiquat chloride. The results of this study are expected to be used as a reference data to develop Sageretia thea as a new local specific crop for Jeju island.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.164-164
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• 2022

The soybean (Glycine max(L.) Merrill), an important food crop in the world, is popular because of its high quality protein and oil content. Soybeans as a food have long been known for their beneficial effects on health and are well-recognized globally. Isoflavones, significant soybean secondary metabolic products, may be crucial in avoiding some cancers and lowering the risk of cardiovascular disorders. This study investigates the correlation between plant growth regulator and the effect on the isoflavone levels in soybean leaves. The study was carried out in the green-house of the southern crop department in miryang. Soybeans(Seonpung) were cultivated in 1/2000 of the Wagner pot. Ethephon(500, 1000, 2000 ppm) and ABA(100, 200, 400 ppm) were used as plant growth regulators, and they were each treated on R2, R5, and R7 stage. After treatment, leaves were sampled three times at intervals of 5 days, and the content of 6 isoflavones and coumestrol was analyzed. Soybean isoflavones were analyzed using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (Acquity UPLC H-Class system, Waters). The isoflavones content showed an overall highly in the R5 stage, and the level was similar to that of no treatment in the R2 and R7 stage. The difference between the growth regulators was found to be higher than that of ethephon when ABA was treated. The coumestrol content was confirmed to be high in the order of R7, R5, and R2 on the treatment time, and it was found that the content increased as the treatment time was delayed. In the treatment with the growth regulator, the coumestrol content tended to be higher when ethephon was treated than ABA.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.134-137
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• 1999

An experiment was carried out to determine the effects of priming and growth regulator treatment of seeds on the emergence and seedling growth of rice, Oryza sativa L. (cv. 'Ilpumbyeo'). Normal seeds were primed in a -0.6 MPa polyethylene glycol solution at 15$^{\circ}C$ for four days with air-bubbling. Then both primed and non-primed seeds were soaked in water, 100 ppm GA$_3$, 2 ppm ABA, and 10 ppm kinetin solutions for 24 hours. The seeds were planted in soil at 3 and 5 cm depths and allowed to germinate in a growth cabinet at 2$0^{\circ}C$. Generally, the emergence rate at the 3 cm seeding depth was higher and emerged faster compared with the 5 cm seeding depth. The emergence rate of primed seeds was higher and emerged faster compared to non-primed seeds. GA$_3$ and kinetin treatments were the most effective to improve the emergence rate of non-primed seeds. Coleoptile length at the 5 cm seeding depth was longer than that at the 3 cm seeding depth. Leaf number, plant height, and root length of primed seedlings were higher compared with non-primed seeds. GA$_3$ promoted the elongation of plant height and mesocotyle length.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.184-194
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• 1990

This experiment was carried out at International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) farm to investigate the effect of plant growth regulators on lodging in rice and to determine plant characteristics when plant growth regulator applied at different concentrations and different times. The experimental plant growth regulator Hoe 78784 when applied at booting prevented lodging and significantly increased grain of IR 21820-154-3-2-3. However, they did not affect significantly the crop vegetative characteristics and yield component, except by decreasing plant height and internode elongation, and increasing the number of vascular bundles, and the thickness and diameter of the third and fourth internodes. But when applied at 30 DT, it significantly decreased grain yield of all test varieties due to shortened panicle length and increased unfilled spikelet percentage. Hoe 78784 applied at heading did not increase yield nor did it prevent lodging.