• 식품보건융합연구
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2020

Salinity with sodic condition disturbs germination, retards emergence, and slow down seedling development of Lemon Grass (Cymbopogon citratus).Lemongrass is a perennial grass plant widely distributed worldwide and most especially in tropical and subtropical countries. This research experiment was designed to evaluate the influences of (4 dSm^-1+ 13.5 (mmol L^-1)^-1/2, 5 dSm^-1+ 25 (mmol L^-1)^1/2, 5 dSm^-1+ 30 (mmol L^-1)^1/2, 10 dSm^-1+ 25 (mmol L^-1)^1/2 and 10 dSm^-1+ 30 (mmol L^-1)^1/2) on biomass produce of lemon grass against salt tolerance. The uppermost biomass yield (45.53 gpot^-1) was produced by 4 dSm^-1+ 13.5 (mmol L^-1)^1/2 treatment. The increase in the intensity of salts reduced the growth of lemon grass. Lower biomass yield (79.33 gpot^-1) was gained at 10 dSm^-1+ 30 (mmol L^-1)^1/2. 5 dSm^-1+ 25 (mmol L^-1)^1/2 treatment performed enhanced outcome i.e. the least reduction % over control (5.87). Salinity- sodicity showed serious effect on the growth reduction from 5.87% to33.60%. This reduction gap was affected by the negative effect of salinity and sodicity on Linseed growth. Salinity- sodicity showed severe impact on the growth reduction from 5.87% to33.60%. Based on the findings, lemon Grass (Cymbopogon citratus).was capable to grow up the maximum at 4 dSm^-1+ 13.5 (mmol L^-1)^1/2 treatment.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.165-172
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• 2003

The objectives of this study were to examine the physiological responses to ozone and to measure ozone uptake rates of Betula species exposed to relatively high concentration of pollutants. At the end of the growing season, photosynthesis, pigments contents, antioxidants (SOD and GR) and ozone uptake rates were measured or estimated at the leaves of five Betula species (Betula costata, B. davurica, B. platyphylla var. japonica, B. schmidtii and B. ermanii) exposed to 100ppb ozone concentration. On the termination of the experiment, growth effects were determined by measuring leaf area and dry weights of leaf, stem and root. Ozone treatment showed the significant reduction the leaf area and dry weight of four Betula species, except for B. ermanii. Shoot / root (SR) ratio of five species represented two different types. SR ratio of B. costata and B. davurica were lower than control, in contrast, SR ratio of B. platyphylla var. japonica, B. schimidtii and B. emani, were higher than that of control. The photosynthetic responses of five species were different in responses to ozone exposure. Four species, except for B. emanii, maintained or increased the stomatal conductance, but B. emanii decreased both stomatal conductance and photosynthesis. SOD activities of five species decreased by the ozone exposure, especially B. ermanii showed the largest reduction, GR activities of B. platyphylla var. japonica and B. schmidtii increased, B. costata and B. emanii decreased. Instantaneous ozone uptake rate was the highest at the leaves of B. ermanii and B. costata, ozone uptake per seedling was the highest at the leaf of B. schmidtii and B. emanii. It was concluded that B. costata, B. davurica and B. platyphylla var. japonica, appeared the growth reduction and visible ozone injury, were sensitive species to ozone, and B. schmidtii with the increased antioxidant activity and B. ermanii without the growth reduction were relatively resistant species to high ozone concentration at the early growing stage.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.319-330
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• 2024

The present study aimed to investigate the death years of conifers to verify the time difference between landslide occurrence in 2011 and tree mortality near Chibanmok and Jangteomok shelters in the Jirisan National Park. Furthermore, abrupt growth reduction was also investigated to verify the living conditions when they were living. For the study, tree-ring analysis was conducted by selecting 14 living Abies koreana near the landslide area and 7 dead ones in the landslide area in the Chibanmok site, and 13 living conifers (7 Picea jezoensis, 5 A. koreana, and 1 Pinus koraiensis) near landslide area and 4 dead ones (2 P. jezoensis and 2 A. koreana) in landslide area in the Jangteomok site. Using the tree-ring samples from living A. koreana 137-year long chronology (1885-2021) was established for the Chibanmok site and 364- and 65-year long P. jezoensis (1658-2021) and A. koreana (1957-2021) chronologies was built for the Jangteomok site. Through the synchronization test between the tree-ring time series from dead conifers and the corresponding chronologies, it was verified that the death of conifers in the landslide areas occurred after 2011, when the landslide happened, except for only one tree. It was further verified through the abrupt growth reduction test that the growth condition of dead conifers before the landslide in 2011 was satisfactory.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.415-423
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• 1996

황산니켈염 수용액에서 가압수소환원법을 이용하여 알루미나 분말상에 니켈 코팅층을 형성하기 위하여 실험조건(수소분압, 반응온도, $PdCl_{2}$ 첨가량, 알루미나의 종류 및 입도)을 변화시키면서 니켈이온의 환원속도 및 석출상태를 조사하였다. 환원온도 $165^{\circ}C$, 수소분압 300 psi, 코팅촉매제 $PdCl_{2}\;2\;mg/\ell$를 첨가한 조건에서 균질한 니켈코팅층을 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2002년도 추계학술발표회
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• pp.366-369
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• 2002

Subsurface biobarrier technology has potential applications to contain contaminated groundwater and/or to degrade toxic pollutants in groundwater. Most biobarrier studies were conducted under aerobic condition, however there were several obstacles to make aerobic condition. Thus, In this study, we examined biobarrier formation under denitrifying condition by using nitrate as an electron acceptor. Experiments were performed with a sand column inoculated with activated sludge from the nearby WWTP. The substrate medium was pumped to the sand column in an upflow mode. During the low substrate loading rate period, the extent of reduction rate in hydraulic conductivity was found similar throughout the column, and permeability became relatively stable after couple of days. However, during the high substrate loading rate period, the column demonstrated a gradient of permeability reduction, with the greatest reduction in sections nearest the column inlet. Rapid growth of microorganisms near the column inlet resulted in the unbalanced reduction of hydraulic conductivity throughout the sand column. As a result, at this denitrifying condition the thickness of biobarrier could be controlled by adjusting the medium conditions of microbial growth.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.141-146
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• 2017

$Bi_2Te_3$ powders are recovered by wet chemical reduction for waste n-type thermoelectric chips, and the recovered particles with different morphologies are prepared using various surfactants such as cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). When citric acid is added as the surfactant, the shape of the aggregated particles shows no distinctive features. On the other hand, rod-shaped particles are formed in the sample with CTAB, and sheet-like particles are synthesized with the addition of SDBS. Further, particles with a tripod shape are observed when EDTA is added as the surfactant. The growth mechanism of the particle shapes depending on the surfactant is investigated, with a focus on the nucleation and growth phenomena. These results help to elucidate the intrinsic formation mechanism of the rod, plate, and tripod structures of the $Bi_2Te_3$ recovered by the wet reduction process.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제28권8호
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• pp.531-538
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• 2015

This study examined the size and shape of the nano-silver particle through the analysis of electrical resistance when synthesizing nano-sized silver by using the chemical liquid reduction. Changes in particle behaviors formed according to the changes in electronic characteristics by electric resistance in each time period in the beginning of reduction reaction in a course of synthesizing the nano-silver particle formation were studied. In addition, analysis was conducted on particle behaviors according to the changes in concentration of $AgNO_3$ and in temperature at the time of reduction and nucleation and growth course when synthesizing the particles based on the particle behaviors were also examined. As the concentration of $AgNO_3$ increased, the same amount of resistance of approximately $5{\Omega}$ was increased in terms of initial electronic resistance. Furthermore, according to the result of formation of nuclear growth graph and estimation of slope based on estimated resistance, slops of $6.25{\times}10^{-3}$, $2.89{\times}10^{-3}$, and $1.85{\times}10^{-3}$ were derived from the concentrations of 0.01 M, 0.05 M, and 0.1 M, respectively. As the concentration of $AgNO_3$ increased, the more it was dominantly influenced by the nuclear growth areas in the initial phase of reduction leading to increase the size and cohesion of particles. At the time of reduction of nano-silver particle, the increases of initial resistance were $4{\Omega}$, $4.2{\Omega}$, $5{\Omega}$, and $5.3{\Omega}$, respectively as the temperature increased. As the temperature was increased into $23^{\circ}C$, $40^{\circ}C$, $60^{\circ}C$, and $80^{\circ}C$, slopes were formed as $4.54{\times}10^{-3}$, $4.65{\times}10^{-3}$, $5.13{\times}10^{-3}$, and $5.42{\times}10^{-3}$ respectively. As the temperature increased, the particles became minute due to the increase of nuclear growth area in the particle in initial period of reduction.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2012

지구온난화 현상과 관련하여 온도 상승에 따른 수목의 초기 생리 반응 변화를 이해하기 위하여, 일본잎갈나무와 거제수나무 유묘를 $24^{\circ}C$와 $27^{\circ}C$에서 4주간 키운 후, 이들의 생장, 광색소 함량, 항산화효소 활성 및 MDA 함량을 조사 분석하였다. 높은 온도($27^{\circ}C$)에서 생장한 두 수종의 수고 상대생장률은 대조구에 비해 낮았으며, 잎, 줄기, 뿌리의 건중량도 모두 낮았다. 특히 뿌리의 생장 감소는 시간이 지나면서 뚜렷하게 증가하였으며, 이로 인해 지상부와 지하부의 비는 높은 온도에서 증가하였다. 광색소 함량은 두 수종 모두 온도 증가로 감소하였으며, 항산화효소인 APX와 CAT의 활성은 높은 온도에서 증가하였다. 그러나 MDA 함량은 온도 변화에 영향을 받지 않았다. 결론적으로, 수목의 생육 온도 증가는 생육 초기에 뿌리의 생장을 감소시켜 양료 흡수를 제한하며, 엽록소 함량 감소와 지상부의 생장을방해할 수 있다. 또한 온도 증가는 수목의 생장 기간 동안 스트레스 요인으로 작용하여 에너지의 소모를 증가시켜 생장 감소를 초래할 수 있다.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.40-41
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• 1998

본 연구는 왜화제 uniconazole처리가 심비디움 Pine Clash 'Moon Venus'와 Green Sour 'A One' 의 생장 및 개화에 미치는 영향에 대해서 조사하였다. 두 품종 모두 uniconazole의 처리량이 많아질수록 왜화효과가 강하게 나타났으며 'Moon Venus'보다 'A One'의 생장억제가 현저하였다. 화서장은 uniconazole 5g 처리에 의해서 'Moon Venus'의 경우 18.4%, 'A One'의 경우 15.3% 억제되었다. 개화시기, 화서수, 소화수, 하악편의 크기 등은 uniconazole 처리에 의해서 약간의 변화는 있었지만 무처리와 큰 차이는 없었다. 이상의 결과로부터 uniconazole 처리는 심비디움의 영양생장기관인 잎의 생장을 억제하는데 효과적인 왜화제이나 고농도(5g) 처리에서는 화서의 생장까지 억제하여 품질의 하락을 초래할 수도 있기 때문에 적정 처리량은 1g 정도로 판단되었다.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.107-116
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• 1993

LPCVD 조건하에서 Si 기판을 이용하여 W$F_6$를 환원시키거나 Si$H_4$를 이용하여 W$F_6$를 환원시켜 Si(100) 기판위에 텅스텐 박막을 증착하였다. 증착된 박막들의 표면 및 단면 형상과 특성들을 조사하였으며 박막들의 결정구조는 체심입방구조를 이루는${alpha}$-W임을 알수 있었다. 박막내의 텅스텐의 양과 grain들의 크기는 박막이 성장함에 따라 증가하였다. 실험적인 결과와 이론적인 고찰들로부터 텅스텐 박막은 Volmer-Weber 성장양식인 island growth를 이룸을 알 수 있었고 세부적인 박막 성장양식을 제시하였다. 또한 텅스텐 박막이 성장할수록 박막의 결정구조는 점점 단결정화 하여감을 알수 있었다.