• 생명과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.26-31
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• 2004

본 연구는 redox regulator로 알려 진 Ref-1 (Redox factor-1)과 결합하는 새로운 단백질을protein-protein interaction의 원리를 이용한 방법인 yeast two-hybrid assay로 검색, 동정하고, 검색된 단백질의 in vitro, in vivo 기능을 규명하는 데 그 목적을 두고, mouse 11-day Embryo cNA library를 prey로, full length REF-1을 bait로 하여 yeast strain 인 HF7C에 cotransformatiom시킨 후 histidine, leucine, tryptophan이 결핍된 SD plate에서 키워 자란 yeast transformants를 $\beta$-galactosidaseassay하여 screening하여 분리한 세 개의 clone중 한 clone이 DNA sequencing으로 확인한 결과 mouse thioredoxin임을 확인하였다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.329-339
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• 2016

The short-term effects of low-level contamination by heavy metals (As, Cd, Cu, and Pb) on the soil health were examined by analyzing soil nematode community in soils planted with tomatoes. For this, the soils were irrigated with five metal concentrations ([1, 1/4, $1/4^2$, $1/4^3$, and 0] ${\times}$ maximum concentrations [MC] detected in irrigation waters near abandoned mine sites) for 18 weeks. Heavy metal concentrations were significantly increased in soils irrigated with MC of heavy metals, among which As and Cu exceeded the maximum heavy metal residue contents of soil approved in Korea. In no heavy metal treatment controls, nematode abundances for all trophic groups (except omnivorous-predatory nematodes [OP]) and colonizer-persister (cp) values (except cp-4-5) were significantly increased, and all maturity indices (except maturity index [MI] of plant-parasitic nematodes) and structure index (SI) were significantly decreased, suggesting the soil environments might have been disturbed during 18 weeks of tomato growth. There were no concentration-dependent significant decreases in richness, abundance, or MI for most heavy metals; however, their significant decreases occurred in abundance and richness of OP and cp-4, MI2-5 (excluding cp-1) and SI, indicating disturbed soil ecosystems, at the higher concentrations (MC and MC/4) of Pb that had the most significant negative correlation coefficients for heavy metal concentrations and nematode community among the heavy metals. Therefore, the short-term effects of low-level heavy metal contamination on soil health can be analyzed by nematode community structures before the appearance of plant damages caused by the abiotic agents, heavy metals.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.127-138
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• 2008

현대 사회에서 자동차는 생활에 필수적인 요소로 자리잡고 있으며, 현대 생활의 편의성을 제공하는 자동차의 증가로 인하여 그에 따른 교통사고 또한 매년 증가하고 있다. 교통사고의 주요 발생요인은 운전부주의로써, 이 중 특히 피로운전은 일반교통사고의 $10{\sim}20%$와 관련되어 있으며, 사물감지능력 저하 및 반응시간 지연으로 치명적 사고피해를 야기한다. 이에 본 연구는 운전 중 휴대전화 사용 및 피로상태의 운전상황이 운전수행에 어떠한 결과를 미치는지 알아보고자 실시간 영상처리 방법을 이용하여 실험을 진행하였다. 실험을 진행하기 위하여 차량 시뮬레이터를 이용하였으며, 운전자의 눈꺼풀 움직임 추적방식에 대한 실험을 진행하기 위하여 Seeing Machines의 faceLAB 4.5를 차량 시뮬레이터의 전면부에 장착하여 운전자 눈꺼풀 상태를 정상상태와 피로상태로 나누어 비교 분석하였다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.146-153
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• 2012

In this study, the antioxidant property of leaf and callus extracts of five selected in vitro grown Ocimum species (Ocimum sanctum, Ocimum kilimandscharicum, Ocimum gratissimum, Ocimum basilicum, and Ocimum americanum) and their respective callus extracts was investigated. The callus cultures were successfully initiated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) (1mg L) combined with different concentrations (0.1-0.4 mg L) of kinetin as plant growth regulators. Total phenolic contents were estimated using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, ferric reducing antioxidant power, $Fe^{2+}$ chelating activity, and ${\beta}$-carotenelinoleic acid bleaching assays were used to determine the biological effects of the extracts. Interestingly, all the callus extracts exhibited significant (p<0.05) increase in phenolic contents and antioxidant activity. Furthermore, a liner correlation was obtained between the total phenolic contents and free radical scavenging activity ($R^2$ = 0.783). The extracts of leaves and calluses of Ocimum species exhibited activity in all the in vitro antioxidant assays, but its extent was less potent that the positive controls butylated hydroxyl anisole (BHA) and ascorbic acid. A higher accumulation of phenolics in the callus extracts suggests that isolation of high-concentration materials with antioxidant activivity is possible from in vitro callus cultures rather than field-grown plant organs. Furthermore, these extracts may be used as an effective preservative in the food industry.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.274-278
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• 1990

Metastases to the liver presents a common clinical problem in the management of patients with cole-rectal cancer, and are responsible for a high degree of morbidity and mortality associated with this malignancy. Unfortunately, attempts at preventing the development of liver metastases in "high risk" patients has so far been unsuccessful. Ongoing studies of adjuvant chemotherapy have not yet illustrated a significant increase in survival in patients receiving such therapy. The purpose of the study is to investigate the value of adjuvant radiotherapy given in the form of colloidal chromic phosphate P-32 suspension administered via portal vein after radical resection of the primary cancer, in preventing the growth of occult metastases in the liver. Twenty one patients (10 patients of treated group with 11 controls) were followed 18 months after operation. There was no significant change in the CBC and liver functions after administration of P-32 labeled colloidal chromic phosphate. The number of patients who showed local metastases at 18 months were 2 in the treated group and 3 in the control group. While liver metastases occurred in one patient at 6 months and in three at 12 months in the control group, there was no development of liver metastases by 12 months in the treated group. At 18 month follow-up CT scan one patient in the treated group showed a single nodule in the liver. In conclusion liver metastasis rate was lower in the patients who received colloidal P-32 chromic phosphate via portal vein after radical resection of the primary cole-rectal cancer.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.163-171
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• 2018

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanical and biological properties of orthodontic bonding agents containing silver- or zinc-doped bioactive glass (BAG) and determine the antibacterial and remineralization effects of these agents. Methods: BAG was synthesized using the alkali-mediated solgel method. Orthodontic bonding agents containing BAG were prepared by mixing BAG with flowable resin. $Transbond^{TM}$ XT (TXT) and $Charmfil^{TM}$ Flow (CF) were used as controls. Ion release, cytotoxicity, antibacterial properties, the shear bond strength, and the adhesive remnant index were evaluated. To assess the remineralization properties of BAG, micro-computed tomography was performed after pH cycling. Results: The BAG-containing bonding agents showed no noticeable cytotoxicity and suppressed bacterial growth. When these bonding agents were used, demineralization after pH cycling began approximately 200 to $300{\mu}m$ away from the bracket. On the other hand, when CF and TXT were used, all surfaces that were not covered by the adhesive were demineralized after pH cycling. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that orthodontic bonding agents containing silver- or zinc-doped BAG have stronger antibacterial and remineralization effects compared with conventional orthodontic adhesives; thus, they are suitable for use in orthodontic practice.

• International Journal of Railway
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.33-44
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• 2013

In recent years, energy consumption in the transportation sector by expanding motorization continues to increase in almost every country in the world. Moreover, the growth rate of the transportation energy consumption is significantly higher than those of the civilian and industrial sectors. Therefore, every country strives to reduce its dependence on private transport, which is the main contributor to the transportation energy consumption. In many countries, concepts such as Transit Oriented Development (TOD) or New Urbanism, which controls road traffic by increasing the proportion of the public transportation significantly, have been implemented to encourage a modal shift to public transport. However, the level of change required for eliminating environmental problems is a challenging task. Minimizing transportation energy consumption by controlling the increase of the traffic demand and maintaining the level of urban mobility simultaneously is a pressing dilemma for each city. Grasping the impact of the diversity of the urban transport and infrastructure is very important to improve transportation energy efficiency. However, the potential for reducing urban transportation energy consumption has often been ineffectively demonstrated by the diversity of cities. Therefore, the accuracy of evaluating the current efficiency rate of the urban energy consumption is necessary. Nevertheless, quantitative analyses related to the efficiency of transportation energy consumption are scarce, and the research on the current condition of consumption efficiency based on international quantitative analysis is almost nonexistent. On the basis of this background problem definitions, this research first built a database of the transportation energy consumption of private modes in 119 cities, with an attempt to reflect individual travel behaviors calculated by Person Trip data. Subsequently, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used as an assessment method to evaluate the efficiency of transportation energy consumption by considering the diversity of the urban traffic features in the world cities. Finally, we clarified the current condition of consumption efficiency by attempting to propose a target values for improving transportation energy consumption.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.241-251
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• 2010

최근 몇 년 동안 탈모로 인해 우울증을 경험하는 인구가 증가하고 탈모 관련 치료법도 임상의학이나 외과적인 수술법과 같이 전문화되고 있다. 탈모 방지와 발모를 촉진하기 위한 시술법과 소재들이 있으나 그 효능, 효과가 뛰어나지 못하고 일부는 부작용을 동반하는 경우가 있다. 본 총설의 마이크로니들 시술법은 약물의 흡수를 촉진시켜주는 매우 작고 섬세한 니들을 이용한 시술법이다. 이 시술을 하는 동안 마이크로니들이 두피 내부로 약물의 흡수를 도와주는 마이크로 홀을 만들어 준다. 마이크로니들 시술 약물의 주요성분으로 대두 발효물질을 분석하였으며 대두 발효 소재는 탈모증에 항산화, 항안드로겐, 항혈전의 기능을 가진다. 대두 발효물의 흡수를 증가시켜주는 마이크로니들의 우수한 약물전달시스템으로 인하여 대두 발효물이 마이크로니들과 함께 사용될 때 복잡한 탈모기전에 더욱 효과적이다. 이 시술법은 탈모증을 방지하고 관리하며 개선시켜줄 수 있는 매우 유용한 두피케어법이며 일반적인 두피관리법 보다 더 빠른 효과를 나타낼 수 있어 차별화된다. 대두 발효물을 이용한 마이크로니들 시술법은 두피케어를 위한 진일보한 기술이다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제44권7호
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• pp.14-24
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• 2002

The effect of reclaimed water irrigation on paddy rice culture was evaluated by pilot study at the experimental field of Konkuk University in Seoul, Korea. The sewage was treated by constructed wetland system, and its effluent was used as irrigation water for four treatments and one control plots with three replications. Irrigation of reclaimed water onto paddy rice cultures did not adversely affect the growth and yield of rice. Instead, experimental rice plots of reclaimed water irrigation displayed about 10 to 50% more yield on average than controls. This implies that reclaimed water irrigation might be beneficial rather than harmful to rice culture as long as the sewage is treated adequately and used properly. The amount of irrigation water had little effect on experimental rice cultures, but its strength was important. The strength of treated sewage was not a limiting factor in this study, and no lodging was observed even with a relatively high nitrogen concentration (up to 160mg/L). In general the paddy soil was not affected by reclaimed water irrigation. However, there was an indication that continuous irrigation with high strength of reclaimed water might cause salt accumulation in the soil. Supplemental use of reclaimed water with existing sources of irrigation water is recommended rather than irrigation with a single source of reclaimed water. Overall, the results demonstrated that reclaimed water could be reused as a supplemental source of irrigation water for paddy rice culture without causing adverse effects as long as it is properly managed. For full-scale application, further investigation should be done on environmental risks, tolerable water quality, and fraction of supplemental irrigation.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.139-143
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• 1999

Lactobacillus sp. GM7311이 생산하는 박테리오신의 작용 특성을 알아보기 위하여, 배양이 진행 중인 세 가지 시험균주의 TSB 배양액에 일정한 시간 간격별로 최종 농도 100 BU/ml가 되도록 박테리오신을 첨가한 후 그 균수 변화와 작용 특성을 살펴보았다. 시험 균주의 증식 시기별로 박테리오신을 첨가한 경우 Proteus mirabilis의 경우는 대수증식기 중기 이전까지의 지시균에 대해서 강한 억제작용을 보이는 반면, Vibrio parahaernolricus와 Escherichia coli는 첨가 시기 모두에서 급격한 균수 감소를 보였으며 다만 정지기에 있어서는 저해 효과가 적었다. 또한 박테리오신을 처리한 세 가지 시험 균주를 전자현미경으로 관찰했을 때, Lactobacillus sp. GM7311이 생산하는 박테리오신은 시험 균주의 세포벽 파괴와 함께 세포 내용물을 유출시키는 bacteriolytic action 형태를 보였다. 증식 시기별로 박테리오신을 첨가하여 각 균주별로 가장 큰 영향을 받은 증식시기를 선택해서 박테리오신을 처리한 후, 아미노산 및 지방산 조성을 분석하여 박테리오신을 처리하지 않은 대조구와 비교하였다. 이 실험에서 아미노산의 경우는 세 균주 모두에서 대부분의 성분이 크게 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 지방산은 크게 감소하는 성분은 없었지만 각 성분들의 함량이 대체적으로 증가하거나 감소하는 변화를 나타내었다.