• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.268-280
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• 1991

The nursing intervention for the prevention of the pulmonary complication and of the function lowering of pulmonary ventilation which emerge with high generation frequency during the nursing of operation patient is necessary for performing the qualitative nursing for operation patient. So, this researcher tried this study so as to obtain the data which can be utilized for the trial of nursing intervention, by grasping the effect that the deep breathing with Incentive Spirometer has on the function of pulmonary ventilation, analysing the factor to have influence on the function of pulmonary ventilation, and applying the effective method of deep breathing to the clinic. By making 42 patients who underwent the operation of upper abdomen after admitting G Hospital in Seoul from Mar. 7, 1991 to Apr.30, 1991 as the object, they were classified into the experiment group that the deep breathing was made with the use of Incentive Spiromenter and the comparison group that the deep breathing exercise was made without the use of Incentive Spirometer. And then, by measuring Tidal Volume and Forced Vital Capacity with Respirometer and $O_2$ Saturation with Pulse Oximeter at preoperation postoperation 24 hours, 72 hours, and 120 hours data were collected. The collected data were analyzed with of, average, standard deviation, x$^2$-test, t-test and ANOVA by SPSS. The result of this study is as follows : 1. As for the hypothesis that the function of pulmonary ventilation at postoperation 24 hours, 72 hours and 120 hours will be better in the experiment group that the deep breathing was made with the use of Incentive Spirometer, in comparison with the comparison group that deep breathing was made without the use of Incentive Spirometer, experiment group and comparison group didn't show the significant difference in Tidal Volume, Foreced Vital Capacity and $O_2$ Saturation at postoperation 24 hours and 72 hours. But experiment group and comparison group showed the significant difference in Tidal Volume at postoperation 120 hours (p＜0.01). So, this hypothesis was supported partially. 2. The variables that there were the significant differences about the function of pulmonary ventilation in experiment group at postoperation 24 hours stastically were smoking existence (p＜0.05), and the variables that there were not significant differences about the function of pulmonary ventilation were distinction of sex, age, anesthetic duration, smoking extent, body weight, surface area of body, existence of narcotic use, regular exercise existence, and past experience existence of respiratory disease. As above result, it appeared that the method of deep breathing with the use of the Incentive Spirometer is more effective for the function recovery of pulmonary ventilation, in comparison with the deep breathing without use of Incentive Spirometer and that smoking existence was the factor to have influence on the function of pulmonary ventilation. In the aspect of clinic, the trial of nursing intervention of deep breathing with use of Incentive Spirometer is expected. And, in the aspect of study, the study through various operative site patients about the effect of Incentive Spirometer use at the clinic will have to be confirmed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.359-369
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine whether the effect of feedback would mask the performance differences that would result from different incentive pay distribution. Five critical service behaviors were identified and measured daily at a gas station located in Seoul. Participants were 5 employees working at the gas station. Independent variables were the types of incentive distribution and feedback. After baseline (A), equally-distributed group incentive condition (B) was introduced, and individual incentive condition (C) was introduced in the next phase. Then, after the withdrawal condition (A'), equally-distributed group incentive with feedback condition (B') was introduced and finally, the individual incentive with feedback condition (C') was introduced. The results suggested that all employees showed higher work performance under individual incentive than equally-distributed group incentive system when feedback were not delivered. However, there was no difference in work performance between two incentive conditions in the phases in which feedback were delivered. These findings suggest that feedback can reduce performance differences between equally-distributed group incentives and individual incentives.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.263-274
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• 2012

This study describes the hypertensive patients characteristics associated with the health incentive point program, and develops and analyzes a simple predictive model of participation in the program. Based on the Incheon Chronic Disease Management System(iCDMS), a model program of community partnership for hypertensive or diabetic patients detection and follow-up since 2005 in Incheon metropolitan city, a cross-sectional design was used in this study. An effective 10.844 adults sample was divided into groups according to participation in the health incentive point program and continuing treatment, and individual and health characteristics among groups were compared. Furthermore, the predictors associated with participation in the program were identified by the logistic regression analysis. After the health incentive point program in iCDMS was introduced, the number of hypertensive patients participation in the program increased 23.9 times which is vastly high given the various programs were provided. There were statistically significant differences among the groups: age(p=0.000), treatment compliance(p=0.000), and blood pressure control at the last measurement(p=0.000), in particular, between participation group(GroupI, n=246) and non-participation group(GroupIII, n=10,408). Furthermore, age over 60 years(OR: 0.33), treatment compliance(OR: 3.49~3.78) and blood pressure controls(OR: 2.13~2.30) were statistically significant predictors associated with participation in the program, based on the logistic regression analysis with GroupI and GroupIII. To increase participation in the health incentive point program, variables such as age, treatment compliance and blood pressure controls are more concerned. And, high-risk patients and family members need targeted health incentive programs.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.55-63
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was to examine the effects of deep breathing exercises with Incentive Spirometer on the pulmonary ventilatory function of pnemothorax patients undergoing a thoracotomy. Mothod: This experiment used anonequivalent control group non-synchronized design which compared pre-experimental measures with post-experimental ones. The subjects of this study were 34 inpatients who were scheduled for a thoracotomy and classified into the experimental group (17 patients) or control group (17 patients) by using an Incentive Spirometer or not. The collected data was analyzed by a SPSS Win I PC (percentage, mean, standard deviation, chi-square test, t-test, repeated measured two-way ANOVA). Result: The Pulmonary Ventilatory Function of the experimental and control group were significantly increased on the first day, third day, and fifth day after the thoracotomy, but the group interaction period was not significant. Conclusion: This study showed that the deep breathing exercises with an Incentive Spirometer and deep breathing exercise without an Incentive Spirometer were both effective for recovering the pulmonary ventilatory function after a thoracotomy.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.1-11
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of different group incentive type on performance under two types of interdependence in a task structure. One hundred twenty college and graduate students were recruited and asked to perform group typing task. Each typing groups organized three members. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions: equally-distributed incentive and differentially-distributed under two different task interdependence. In this study, the dependent variable was the number of correctly typed characters. We found the significant interaction effects between group incentive type and task interdependence. Specifically, under interdependent task, the work performance of participants in equally-distributed group incentive condition was higher than the performance in differentially-distributed group incentive condition.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.1036-1054
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• 2019

Recently, concomitant with a surge in numbers of Internet of Things (IoT) devices with various sensors, mobile crowdsensing (MCS) has provided a new business model for IoT. For example, a person can share road traffic pictures taken with their smartphone via a cloud computing system and the MCS data can provide benefits to other consumers. In this service model, to encourage people to actively engage in sensing activities and to voluntarily share their sensing data, providing appropriate incentives is very important. However, the sensing data from personal devices can be sensitive to privacy, and thus the privacy issue can suppress data sharing. Therefore, the development of an appropriate privacy protection system is essential for successful MCS. In this study, we address this problem due to the conflicting objectives of privacy preservation and incentive payment. We propose a privacy-preserving mechanism that protects identity and location privacy of sensing users through an on-demand incentive payment and group signatures methods. Subsequently, we apply the proposed mechanism to one example of MCS-an intelligent parking system-and demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of our mechanism through emulation.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.235-262
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of individual tendency of individualismcollectivism and the type of incentive system on pay satisfaction. Data were collected from 243 workers employed in a variety of organizations and a hierarchical regression and MANOVA was conducted to test hypothesis. The results of regression indicated that the interaction between the type of incentive and tendency of collectivism has positive influence on pay satisfaction. In addition, the results of MANOVA indicated that the interaction between individual tendency of individualismcollectivism and the type of incentive system has significant effect on pay satisfaction Specifically, the tendency of individualism has positive influence on the pay satisfaction under the individual incentive condition. However, the tendency of collectivism has negative influence on the pay satisfaction partially under the individual incentive condition. In addition, the tendency of collectivism has positive influence on the pay satisfaction under the group incentive condition. These results suggest that careful consideration in the organization need to decide for the use of individual incentive system, when we regard the Korean culture as high tendency of collectivism. In other words, individual incentive system may could not provide pay satisfaction to the employees who have high level collectivism. However, to generalize these results, more studies were examined in the future.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.227-232
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• 2015

Background: In comparison with other industries, the construction industry still has a higher rate of fatal injuries, and thus, there is a need to apply new and innovative approaches for preventing accidents and promoting safe conditions at construction sites. Methods: In this study, the effectiveness of a new incentive system-the surprising incentive system-was assessed. One year after the implementation of this new incentive system, behavioral changes of employees with respect to seven types of activities were observed. Results: The results of this study showed that there is a significant relationship between the new incentive system and the safety performance of frontline employees. The new incentive system had a greater positive impact in the first 6 months since its implementation. In the long term, however, safety performance experienced a gradual reduction. Based on previous studies, all activities selected in this study are important indicators of the safety conditions at workplaces. However, there is a need for a comprehensive and simple-to-apply tool for assessing frontline employees' safety performance. Shortening the intervals between incentives is more effective in promoting safety performance. Conclusion: The results of this study proved that the surprising incentive would improve the employees' safety performance just in the short term because the surprising value of the incentives dwindle over time. For this reason and to maintain the surprising value of the incentive system, the amount and types of incentives need to be evaluated and modified annually or biannually.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.129-147
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of deep breathing exercise with Incentive Spirometer on the pulmonary ventilatory function of postoperative patients. This experiment was operated by quasi-experimental design which was compared pre-experimental measures with post-experimental ones. The subject of this study was 46 inpatients who were scheduled for elective upper abdominal surgery under the general anesthesia in P National University Hospital in Pusan and classified into the experimental group(23 patients) and control group(23 patients) by using Incentive Spirometer or unusing one. The data were collected from November, 1, 1993, to December, 31, 1993. The effects of the deep breathing exercise on the pulmonary ventilatory function were compared between experimental group who were recieved deep breathing exercise with Incentive Spirometer and control group who were recieved same method without Incentive Spirometer. The Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and the First Second Forced Expiratory Volume ($FEV_1$) were represented as index of the pulmonary ventilatory function and those were measured by Vitalograph Compact. The collected data were analysed by SPSS/PC+ (percentage, average, standard deviation, chi-square test, t-test, and ANOVA). The results were as follow : (1) The $FVC_s$ of the experimental group were significantly increased in course of time, 24, 48, 72 hours after surgery(F=3.530, P=0.035). (2) The $FVC_s$ and $FEV_{1S}$ of the control group were significantly increased in course of time, 24, 48, 72 hours after surgery ($FVC_s$ : F=3.480, P=0.037, $FEV_{1S}$ : F=6. 153, P=0.004). (3) The FVC which was measured at 72 hours after surgery was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group(t=2.620, P=0.013). (4) The $FEV_{1s}$ which were measured at 24 and 72 hours after surgery were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group(24hr. : t=2.530, P=0.017, 72hr. : t=2.540, P=0.016). (5) Among general characteristics, sex was significant variable which influenced to effect of pulmonary ventilatory function. In conclusion, this study showed that the deep breathing exercise with Incentive Spirometer was more effective to recover the pulmonary ventilatory function after surgery than the deep breathing exercise without Incentive Spirometer.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.74-87
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• 2012

The service industry will be essentially extended during the economic growth and industrial development. Especially, the role of workers meeting the customers in service industry is very important from the view point of purchase intention. So many companies in service industry endeavor to increase the work efficacies of workers through the various prizes and incentives, and improve the job performance by additional education. Recently, the incentive tours are comprehensively accepted as an efficient tool to promote the loyalty and job performance of workers. The incentive tours enable the worker to gain the cultural experiences. They will experience not only the natural heritages and antiques, but also the local life culture and arts culture. The culture marketing for worker as the internal customer increase the worker's loyalty and the ties among workers, and therefore, their job performance will be increased. The empirical results (162 workers surveyed) showed the incentive tours have improved both the individual and group's job performance at a cosmetic sales organization. So it is recommend to plan the organization specific incentive tour in order to improve the productivity of the service organization.