• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.1101-1107
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• 2013

In this study, total mercury and methyl mercury in whole blood of Korean was analyzed so as to investigate the correlation between total mercury (T-Hg) and methyl mercury (Me-Hg). 4000 whole blood samples were divided in four groups, according to T-Hg concentration in percentile: group I (p25-p50), group II (p50-p75), group III (p75-p95) and group IV (p95-p100). 100 samples were randomly selected from the each group, and Me-Hg concentration was measured. T-Hg concentration in whole blood was analyzed using a Direct Mercury Analyzer-80 and obtained limit of detection (LOD) was $0.2{\mu}gL^{-1}$. Me-Hg concentration was analyzed with ethylate derivatization using headspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and obtained LOD of methyl mercury was $0.5{\mu}gL^{-1}$. The geometric means of T-Hg and Me-Hg were $6.35{\mu}gL^{-1}$ and $4.44{\mu}gL^{-1}$, respectively, and 71.91% of T-Hg was presented as Me-Hg.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.88-96
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• 1999

This study was conducted in May of 1996 to December of 1996 in order to investigate the status of rubella antibodies in the women of childbearing age. The subjects were 543 fertile women (Ages 21-42 years). ELISA method was used for the detection of rubella antibodies and then questionaire survey was performed to know about the variables of past history of rubella. past rubella immunization. parity and cognition. The results were as follows: 1. The Positive rate of rubella Ig G antibody in total subjects was $65.0\%$. The positive rate of rubella Ig G antibody was $72.2\%$ in 21-25 age group. $71.4\%$ in 26-30 age group. $54.5\%$ in 31-35 age group, $52.6\%$ in 36-42 age group. As age increased, the positive rate of rubella Ig G antibody was decreased. There was statistically significant difference by age group(P=0.00l). In the subjects with a history of rubella immunization, the positive rate of rubella IgG antibody was $81.8\%$, and in those with past history of rubella was $83.3\%$ of positive rate. 2, Cognition rate about rubella immunization showed $50.8\%$ in total subjects. and there was no significant difference between parity and cognition rate of rubella immunization(P=0.85l). observed a low positive rate of rubella IgG antibody as compaired with other studies. Therefore, to prevent congenital rubella infection, rubella immunization was needed for unmarried women.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.690-697
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• 2018

Criticality alarm systems (CASs) are mandatory in nuclear plants for prompt alarm in the event of any criticality incident. False criticality alarms are not desirable as they create a panic environment for radiation workers. The present article describes the design enhancement of the CAS at each stage and provides maximum availability, preventing false criticality alarms. The failure mode and effect analysis are carried out on each element of a CAS. Based on the analysis, additional hardware circuits are developed for early fault detection. Two different methods are developed, one method for channel loop functionality test and another method for dose alarm test using electronic transient pulse. The design enhancement made for the external systems that are integrated with a CAS includes the power supply, criticality evacuation hooter circuit, radiation data acquisition system along with selection of different soft alarm set points, and centralized electronic test facility. The CAS incorporating all improvements are assembled, installed, tested, and validated along with rigorous surveillance procedures in a nuclear plant for a period of 18,000 h.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.88-95
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• 2019

This study was conducted to establish the analytical method for the determination of cyanide in blood, urine, lung and skin tissues in rats. In order to detect or quantify the sodium cyanide in above biological matrixes, it was derivatized to Pentafluorobenzyl cyanide (PFB-CN) using pentafluorobenzyl bromide (PFB-Br) and then reaction substance was analyzed using gas chromatography mass spectrometer (GC/MS)-SIM (selected ion monitoring) mode. The analytical method for cyanide determination was validated with respect to parameters such as selectivity, system suitability, linearity, accuracy and precision. No interference peak was observed for the determination of cyanide in blank samples, zero samples and lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) samples. The lowest limit detection (LOD) for cyanide was $10{\mu}M$. The linear dynamic range was from 10 to $200{\mu}M$ for cyanide with correlation coefficients higher than 0.99. For quality control samples at four different concentrations including LLOQ that were analyzed in quintuplicate, on six separate occasions, the accuracy and precision range from -14.1 % to 14.5% and 2.7 % to 18.3 %, respectively. The GC/MS-based method of analysis established in this study could be applied to the toxicokinetic study of cyanide on biological matrix substrates such as blood, urine, lung and skin tissues.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.301-304
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• 2007

자동으로 이미지 안에 존재하는 객체들을 인식하는 문제는 내용 기반 이미지 검색이나 로봇 비전과 같은 다양한 분야들에서 매우 중요한 문제이다. 이 문제를 해결하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 객체의 주요 색상 정보들을 이용하여 실시간으로 이미지 안의 객체들을 인식하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법의 전체적인 구조는 다음과 같다. 처음에 MPEG-7 색상 정보 기술자들 중 하나인 주요 색상 정보 기술자를 이용하여 객체의 주요 색상 정보들을 추출한다. 이 때 이 정보는 가우시안 색상 모델링을 통하여 빛이나 그림자와 같은 외부 환경 조건에 좀 더 강인한 색상 정보로 변환된다. 다음으로 변환된 색상 정보들을 기반으로 주요 객체와 입력 이미지와의 픽셀 값차이를 계산하고, 임계값 이상의 값을 가지는 픽셀들을 제거한다. 마지막으로 입력 이미지에서 제거되지 않은 픽셀들을 기반으로 하나의 영역을 생성한다. 결론으로서, 본 논문에서는 제안된 방법에 대한 실험 평가들을 수행 및 분석하고 몇몇 한계점들에 대해서 알아본다. 또한 이 문제들을 해결하기 위한 앞으로의 연구 계획에 대해서 기술한다.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.175-182
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• 2012

Rotaviruses have been known to be a major etiological agent of gastroenteritis in both infants and young animals. Subsequently new rotaviruses, which were morphologically indistinguishable but antigenically and electrophoretically distinct with each other, were reported from several animals throughout world including Korea. These new rotaviruses were named as non-group A or group B or group C rotaviruses and so on. It has been very difficult to isolate and grow the non-group A rotaviruses in vitro, and this has greatly limited the characterizations of non-group A rotaviruses and serological studies. In this study, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against porcine non-group A rotavirus were produced and characterized. The VP6 gene of porcine group C rotavirus Korean isolate(#06-52-1) was cloned and expressed. For expression of VP6 gene, baculovirus expression system was applied. The VP6 gene and expressed protein in the recombinant virus were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), indirect fluorescence antibody (IFA) test and Western blot, respectively. The expressed VP6 was used for MAbs production. The MAbs produced in this study would be promising as diagnostic reagents for detection of group C rotavirus infection.

• The Korean journal of sports medicine
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.180-188
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify bilateral differences of physeal closure of the lateral compartment of the elbow in osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) and related factors with premature physeal closure. Methods: Initial radiographs of the bilateral elbows in 40 baseball players with OCD (group I) were reviewed for the status of physeal closure of the lateral compartment; capitellum, radial head, lateral epicondyle. Forty baseball players with medial epicondylar apophysitis (group II) were enrolled as a control. Relative status of physeal closure of dominant elbow was defined as early, same, and delayed. Bilateral differences of the status of physeal closure were analyzed between groups, and according to the radiographic stages, extent of the lesions and demographic factors in group I. Results: Significant early physeal closures of dominant elbows were identified in group I in capitellum (group I, 55%; group II, 3%), radial head (group I, 53%; group II, 3%), and lateral epicondyle (group I 37%; group II, 5%). In group I, advanced stage and extended lesion showed early lateral compartment physeal closure especially in capitellum and radial head, and players with longer career length and limitation of motion showed early closure. Conclusion: Over the half of the adolescent baseball players with OCD demonstrated early radiocapitellar physeal closures of dominant elbow in initial presentation. Because premature physeal closure contributes to the development of arthritis without appropriate radiocapitellar remodeling, early detection of OCD is essential for prevention of arthritis and successful conservative management.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.53-62
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• 2008

The Election paradigm can be used as a building block in many practical problems such as group communication, atomic commit and replicated data management where a protocol coordinator might be useful. The problem has been widely studied in the research community since one reason for this wide interest is that many distributed protocols need an election protocol. However, despite its usefulness, to our knowledge there is no work that has been devoted to this problem in a mobile ad hoc computing environment. Mobile ad hoc systems are more prone to failures than conventional distributed systems. Solving election in such an environment requires from a set of mobile nodes to choose a unique node as a leader based on its priority despite failures or disconnections of mobile nodes. In this paper, we describe a solution to the election problem from mobile ad hoc computing systems. This solution is based on the Group Membership Detection algorithm.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.130-130
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• 2003

Gummy stem blight pathogen is very difficult not only to monitor the inoculum levels prior to host infection, and also it is destructive and hard to control in field condition. We have applied RAPD technique to elucidate the genetic diversity of the genomic DNA of Didymella bryoniae and also to generate specific diagnostic DNA probe useful for identification and detection. The 40 primers produced clear bands consistently from the genomic DNA of twenty isolates of Didymella bryoniae, and two hundred seventy-three amplified fragments were produced with 40 primers. The combined data from 273 bands was analyzed by a cluster analysis using UPGMA method with an arithmetic average program of NTSYS-PC (Version 1.80) to generate a dendrogram. At the distance level of 0.7, two major RAPD groups were differentiated among 20 strains. RAPD group (RG) I included 8 isolates from watermelon except one isolate from melon. RAPD group (RG) IV included 12 isolates from squash, cucumber, watermelon and melon.. In amplification experiment with SCAR specific primer RG1F-RG1R resulted in a single band of 650bp fragment only for 8 isolates out of 20 isolates that should be designated as RAPD Group 1. However, same set of experiment done with RGIIF-RGIIR did not result in any amplified product.. Our attempts to detect intraspecific diversity of ITS region of rDNA by amplifying ITS region and 17s rDNA region for 20 isolates and restriction digestion of amplified fragment with 12 enzymes did not reveal polymorphic band. In order to develop RAPD markers for RGIV specific primer, a candidate PCR fragment( ≒1.4kb) was purified and Southern hybridized to the amplified fragment RGIV isolates. This promising candidate probe recognized only RGIV isolates

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.280-297
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• 2017

Objectives: We assessed pesticide exposure levels according to cultivation and crop type and investigated agricultural factors related to exposure. Methods: The participants, 341 male and 127 female farmers, were divided into three groups by cultivation crop type: chili greenhouse, cucumber greenhouse, and orchard. We collected questionnaires, socioeconomic characteristics and agricultural factors, and spot urine. Pesticide exposure was examined using four organophosphate and four pyrethroids urinary metabolites: dimethylphosphate, dimethylthiophosphate, diethylphosphate, diethylthiophosphate, Cis and Trans-3-(2-2dichlorovinyl)-2, 2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid, 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), Cis-3-(2-2dibrmovinyl)-2, and 2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid. Each metabolite was summed ${\Sigma}DAP$ and ${\Sigma}PY$ according to the chemical class. Results: Urinary metabolite detection rates and concentrations were similar between the greenhouse groups, but the orchard group was different. Similar 3-PBA detection rates were found in the three groups, but the geometric mean was very high in the orchard group compared to the two greenhouse groups. 3-PBA concentration in the orchard group was $4.11{\mu}g/g$ creatinine; the chili and cucumber greenhouse groups were 1.27 and $1.16{\mu}g/g$ creatinine, respectively. ${\Sigma}DAP$ was significantly associated with cultivation crop type and seasonal variation, but ${\Sigma}PY$ was not relevant. Conclusions: Our results suggest that cultivation and crop type may be correlated with different pesticide types and exposure levels. Furthermore, seasonal factors were related as potential factors influencing the level of organophosphate metabolites, but not for pyrethroid metabolites.