• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.66
• /
• pp.345-352
• /
• 2023

Antibacterial activity against foodborne bacteria (Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Enteritidis) and inhibitory activity against murine norovirus, a human norovirus surrogate, of 28 extracts from plants endemic to Korea were investigated in this study. All plant extracts showed antibacterial activity only against gram-positive bacteria, B. cereus and S. aureus. Extracts from Callistemon speciosus and Nymphaea tetragona showed inhibition zones of 16.54 and 24.35 mm against B. cereus and S. aureus, respectively, presenting the highest antibacterial activities recorded in this study. Among all samples, Ardisia japonica extract at concentrations of 100 and 200 ㎍/mL showed the highest virucidal activities of 96.6 and 100.0%, respectively. Ardisia japonica, Duchesnea indica, Polygonum aviculare, and Geum japonicum extracts showed high antibacterial and virucidal activity simultaneously without Raw 264.7 cell cytotoxicity. These plant extracts may serve as potential antimicrobials to control foodborne infections.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.33-40
• /
• 1988

A Study was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding Lactobacillus casei YS on the growing performance and gastrointestinal flora of the suckling piglets, which were delivered from 2 heads of three-way crossbred(Landrace$\times$Large White$\times$Duroc) pigs, for 4 weeks. The results from the present study was summarized as follows. Average body weight gains of feeding group was slightly better than that of control group and diarrhea was prevented by successive 7 days feeding. Population levels of lactic acid bacteria were maintained about 107 colony forming unit(cfu) per gram of the contents in both feeding and control group at upper parts of small intestine. In this part, coliform count was greatly reduced in (ceding group but not in control group. pH values of the intestinal contents were gradually decreased especially at the upper part of alimentary track of feeding group. Among lactic acid bacteria, L. salivarius, L. cases and L. fermentum were found most predominant strains in feeding group, Wheareas L. salivarius, L. acidophilus and L. cunts in control group. In the other hand, Escherichia coli recovered from scouring pigs were resistant to the drug such as streptomycin, ampicillin and sensitive to gentamycin and neomycin in vitro test.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.197-210
• /
• 1994

This experiment was carried out to study the cause of degeneration and rot of cultivated mushroom. Among 597 bacterial isolates derived from the rots of Button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus), Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) and Oak mushroom (Lentinus edodes) collected from markets of 5 cities (Seoul, Suwon, Taegu, Pohang and Pusan) in Korea (1991~1993), 111 bacterial isolates (18.5%) were proved as pathogenic bacteria. These pathogenic bacteria causing bacterial rots of cultivated mushrooms were identified as Pseudomonas tolasii, P. agarici, and Eriwinia sp., and the main causal bacteria were P. tolaasii. P. fluorescens and Klebsiella plenticola were confirmed as saprophytic non-pathogenic bacteria. One hundred fifty nine isolates (Group No. 39) of the 486 saprophytic bacterial isolates were classified as P. fluorescens, and this species was most often found rot area of cultivated mushrooms. P. tolaasii, the causal organism of bacterial blotch, was classified into two groups; One group can be differentiated from the other by the formation of white precipitation band by white line reacting organisms of Pseudomonas Agar F media. P. tolaasii attacked the cultivated mushrooms relatively well at lower incubation temperature such as 5$^{\circ}C$, but P. agarici rarely attack at below 1$0^{\circ}C$. The temperature for the infection commercial cultivated mushrooms by P. agarici was higher than that of P. tolaasii. Optimum temperature for the infection of mushrooms by P. tolaasii and P. agarici were 2$0^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$, respectively.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.17 no.12
• /
• pp.1741-1745
• /
• 2004

Administration of milk and fermented milks produced from indigenous dadih lactic acid bacteria on serum lipids and bile acids, fecal bile acids and microflora was estimated in hypercholesterolemic rats. Anaerobic lactic acid bacteria decreased and coliforms increased in the feces of the control group; however, the number of fecal lactic acid bacteria remained unchanged when rats were administered milk and fermented milks. Only fermented milk made from Lc. lactis subsp. lactis IS-10285 significantly reduced serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and total bile acids. Milk and fermented milks did not influence the HDL cholesterol. Triglyceride and phospholipid levels were significantly lower in the rats fed fermented milk of Lc. lactis subsp. lactis IS-10285 than rats fed milk and fermented milk of Lc. lactis subsp. lactis IS-29862, but not significantly different from the control group. Hypocholesterolemic effect of Lc. lactis subsp. lactis IS-10285 was attributed to its ability to suppress the reabsorption of bile acids into the enterohepatic circulation and to enhance the excretion of bile acids in feces of hypercholesterolemic rats.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.40 no.1
• /
• pp.23-34
• /
• 2022

In this study, to determine the importance of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in Kombucha fermentation, biological functions, such as organic acid production and anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities, of Kombucha, with or without LAB inoculation, were evaluated. Lactobacillus paracasei DK215, Saccharomyces cerevisiae C3, and Acetobacter pasteurianus P2 were selected as the inoculants. Organic acids were measured every 3 days from the end of fermentation using HPLC; the organic acid content of LAB-inoculated Kombucha was relatively high. Samples with or without LAB inoculation showed high antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. The MTT assay results indicated no significant difference in concentration difference and cell death. In the NO production test, compared with the uninoculated Kombucha sample, the LAB-inoculated Kombucha sample exhibited a value similar to that of the group without LPS treatment. The levels of cytokine (IL-1α, IL-6, TNF-α) production were significantly lower than those of the LPS(+) group, indicating the anti-inflammatory activity potential of the Kombucha sample. This improvement in the biological function of the LAB-inoculated Kombucha further verifies the value of LAB in the fermented food and beverage industry.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
• /
• v.50 no.7
• /
• pp.394-406
• /
• 2012

Objective: The adhesion capabilities of different types of self-ligating brackets were measured with respect to Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus. Methods: Five types of self-ligating brackets (Clippy-C; Mini Clippy; Clarity-SL; Speed; Damon 3) were used for the experiment group and composite resin brackets (Spirit-MB), metal brackets (Victory) and polycrystalline alumina brackets (Clarity) were used for the control group. In order to assess adhesion of bacteria to the brackets, the brackets were cultured for 3, 6 and 24 hours in media containing bacteria and 20% sucrose. Results: There was no statistic difference in adhesion amount of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus according to the types of brackets. A total adhesion amount according to bracket type was different. An extended incubation time increased adhesion amount. Observation under scanning electron microscope showed that Streptococcus sobrinus adhered more to Clippy-C and Victory rather than to Clarity-SL. Conclusions: Clarity-SL, a self-ligating esthetic bracket was confirmed to show lower bacterial adhesion to cariogenic bacteria, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus group than other self-ligating brackets or conventional brackets, which suggests that proper use of self-ligating esthetic brackets might even be better in preventing tooth surface decalcification.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.265-271
• /
• 1989

Bacteria isolated from Cheonsu Bay at 4 seasons were analyzed by numerical taxonomic method. Results of 48 morphological, physiological and biochemical tests showed different adaptability of bacteria to temperature in consequence with sampling season and isolated bacteria were able to survive at various environmental conditions, Identification results revealed that Enterobacteriaceae, Aeromonas, Pseudomonas and Vibrio were dominant genera in geterotrophic bacterial community. For each season, Aeromonas was most dominant in spring and autumn, Pseudomonas and Enterobacteriaceae in summer and winter, respectively. Cluster ananlysis was performed and all vacteria were clustered into 29 phenetic groups. Seasonal characteristics were distict in each group. Different physiological characteristics and species compositions for each season contribute to the stability and diversity of environmental ecosystem.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.13 no.12
• /
• pp.1708-1716
• /
• 2000

A study was made of diurnal changes in the ruminal bacteria associated with feed particles, i.e., non-associated (NAB), loosely associated (LAB), and tightly associated with particles (TAB), and the TAB concentration in different particle sizes from sheep fed orchardgrass (OG) or alfalfa (ALF) hay. Diaminopimelic acid (DAPA) was used to determine the TAB mass. Results showed that the bacterial masses in NAB and LAB were small, but comprised over 90% in TAB. The TAB mass in the ALF group sharply increased within 2 h after feeding and decreased afterward. The TAB mass showed the same trend in the OG group, increasing from 0 h to 2 h, but remained at the same level up to 14 h after feeding. The peak bacterial mass was, however, lower in the OG than the ALF group. The TAB concentration reflected the changes in total particulate tightly associated bacterial masses in both groups of hay fed sheep. Number of bacterial colonies per particle increased as the particulate size decreased in both groups. This difference, however, tended to decline as the postprandial period was prolonged. DAPA, however, tended to overestimate the TAB mass in the reticulo-rumen digesta of the hay fed sheep.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.15 no.5
• /
• pp.731-735
• /
• 2008

The coliform group, Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus were analyzed for eliminating of microorganism spore which could be embeded in honey and eradication of studied for heat resistance of thermoacidophilic bacteria was studied for marketing of honey after producing honey drink. The method for analyzing of heat resistance thermoacidophilic bacteria was membrane-seperated cell culture with $0.45\;{\mu}m$ micro-filter and vacuum aspirator. The results of bacteria, coliform group, Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus was negative, but normal method such as sterilization with electrolyzed water, normal micro-filter, high-temperature heating and microwave did not have effect on heat resistance thermoacidophilic bacteria. Also, absolute type micro-filter of $0.45\;{\mu}m$ and $0.8\;{\mu}m$ microfilteration showed higher effect on heat resistance thermoacidophilic bacteria than micro-filter of normal type, showing negative results at all treatments.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.31 no.6
• /
• pp.940-948
• /
• 2018

The aim of this study was to investigate the immune activity of Ailantias altissima as an active ingredient on the immune enhancement by mixing ethanol extract with lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The activity of $NF-{\kappa}B/AP1$ transcription factor increased by $NF-{\kappa}B$ activity when mixed with LAB samples rather than with the extract alone. Nitric oxide (NO) production was similar in ethanol extract alone group and LPS treatment group. Mixing Ailantias altissima extract and lactic acid bacteria led to low NO production. The cytokine productivity of $TNF-{\alpha}$ significantly increased in Ailantias altissima extract when treated with LPS, and increased even more when mixed with lactic acid bacteria. The $IL-1{\beta}$ cytokine production was high when the Ailantias altissima extract were treated alone, but no $IL-1{\beta}$ cytokine was produced in the mixtures with isolates. The combination of the ethanol extract of the Ailantias altissima and the lactic acid bacteria was found to be effective in the immune function. Consequently, the ingredient to combine Ailantias altissima extract and lactic acid bacteria can be effectively used for development of the health functional food on the prevention and treatment of hypoimmunities.