• 제목/요약/키워드: groundwater arsenic

검색결과 186건 처리시간 0.02초

회분식 실험을 통한 제지슬러지의 카드뮴 및 비소 흡착능 평가 (Assessment of the Adsorption Capacity of Cadmium and Arsenic onto Paper Mill Sludge Using Batch Experiment)

  • 백종찬;여슬기;박준범;백종환;송영우
    • 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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    • 제19권1호
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    • pp.46-53
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of this study is to promote utilization of paper mill sludge as an adsorbent for stabilizing heavy metals in contaminated water by measuring the adsorption capacity of paper mill sludge for cadmium and arsenic. To measure adsorption capacity of paper mill sludge, sorption isotherm experiments were analyzed by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Also, two methods of chemical modifications were applied to improve the adsorption capacities of paper-mill-sludge: the first method used sodium hydroxide (NaOH), called PMS-1, and the second method used the NaOH and tartaric acid ($C_4H_6O_6$) together, called PMS-2. For Cd adsorption, PMS-1 presented the increase of reactivity while PMS-2 presented the decline of reactivity compared to that of untreated paper-mill-sludge. In case of As adsorption, both PMS-1 and PMS-2 showed the decrease of adsorption capacities. This is because zeta-potential of paper mill sludge was changed to more negative values during chemical modification process due to the hydroxyl group in NaOH and the carboxyl group in $C_4H_6O_6$, respectively. Therefore, we may conclude that the chemical treatment process increases adsorption capacity of paper mill sludge for cation heavy metals such as Cd but not for As.

Optimization of As Bioleaching by Herbaspirillum sp. GW103 Coupled with Coconut Oil Cake

  • Govarthanan, Muthusamy;Praburaman, Loganathan;Kim, Jin-Won;Oh, Sae-Gang;Kamala-Kannan, Seralathan;Oh, Byung-Taek
    • 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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    • 제20권2호
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    • pp.47-54
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    • 2015
  • The objective of this study was to optimize the experimental conditions for bioleaching of arsenic (As) using Herbaspirillum sp. GW103 and to understand the interaction between bacteria and As during bioleaching. Five variables, temperature, time, CaCO3, coconut oil cake, and shaking rate, were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) based Box-Behnken design (BBD). Maximum (73.2%) bioleaching of As was observed at 30℃, 60 h incubation, 1.75% CaCO3, 3% coconut oil cake, and 140 rpm. Sequential extraction of bioleached soil revealed that the isolate Herbaspirillum sp. GW103 significantly reduced 28.6% of water soluble fraction and increased 38.8% of the carbonate fraction. The results of the study indicate that the diazotrophic bacteria Herbaspirillum sp. could be used for bioleaching As from mine soil.

논토양 배수조건에 따른 비소 및 중금속의 용출 및 벼 전이특성 (Transfer of Arsenic and Heavy Metals from Soils to Rice Plant under Different Drainage Conditions)

  • 고일하;김정은;김지숙;지원현
    • 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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    • 제22권6호
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    • pp.12-21
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    • 2017
  • A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the transfer of As and cationic heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd and Pb) from soil to rice plant in soil condition with submerged and drained. During the ninety-day monitoring period for soil solution, solubility of reducible elements such as As, Fe and Mn in submerged condition were higher than that of Zn. On the contrary, concentration of Zn in drained condition was higher than that of reducible elements. The concentration of As, Cd, Pb and Zn in rice plant (root, stem, leaf and grain) showed similar pattern with soil solution. The As concentration in each part of rice plant, which cultivated in drained condition, measured 56%~94% lower than those in submerged condition. However, the contents of cationic heavy metals (Cd, Pb and Zn) were represented the opposite result with As. These results are due to mobility of As and cationic heavy metals under different soil drainage conditions which represent oxidation and reduction. Thus soil drainage control can be used as acceptable passive treatment methods to reduce transfer of inorganic contaminants from soil to rice plant. However more detailed examination on soil condition conversion is needed, because yield of rice was decreased when it cultivated in drained condition only. It also needed when soil is contaminated by As and cationic heavy metal because single drainage condition cannot reduce transfer of both kinds of contaminants all.

폐금속광산 주변 오염 농경지에서 비소의 안정화 효율 평가 (Evaluation of Stabilization of Arsenic in Contaminated Soil Taken from Farmland Near Abandoned Metal Mine)

  • 한수호;정명채;김정욱;윤경욱;민선기;박소연;심기태
    • 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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    • 제26권1호
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    • pp.8-16
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    • 2021
  • This study has evaluated the stabilization of As contaminated paddy and cultivated soils by pot experiments for rice and lettuce. Various ratios of limestone (L) and steel slag (S) were mixed with the soils in each pot. The soils were taken from before and after pot experiments, and analyzed for As extracted by sequentially (Wenzel method) and totally (aqua regia method).. Paddy soils amended with L (0.5%) and L (1.0%) + S (1.0%) showed increasing fraction 2 (specifically bound As) compared with control soil. Arsenic concentrations in rice grain grown on the amended soils decreased 14% and 12% compared with those on the control soil, respectively. According to sequential extraction of As in cultivated soils, the fractions 1~3 were decreased due to stabilization of As by the soil amendment, especially for S (1.0%), S (3.0%) and L (1.0%) + S (1.0%). In addition, relatively low As concentrations were found in lettuce grown on amended soils with L (0.5%) and L (1.0%) + S (1.0%). Therefore, it can be suggested that soil amendments with L (0.5%) or L (1.0%) + S (1.0%) were suitable for enhancing stabilization of As in the study area.

자철석의 비소에 대한 흡착특성 연구 (Study on Adsorption Characteristics of Arsenic on Magnetite)

  • 정현수;이우춘;조현구;김순오
    • 한국광물학회지
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    • 제21권4호
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    • pp.425-434
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    • 2008
  • 토양과 지하수의 비소 오염은 최근 심각한 환경문제들 중 하나로 대두되고 있으며, 이러한 비소 오염은 다양한 자연적 또는 인위적 원인들로 인하여 발생할 수 있다. 지중에서 비소의 거동은 철, 망간, 알루미늄 등과 같은 여러 종류의 산화물 또는 수산화물들과 점토광물에 의하여 영향을 받고, 특히 이중에서 철 (산)수산화물이 가장 효과적으로 비소를 제어하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 철 산화물의 일종인 자철석의 비소 흡착 특성을 연구하였다. 자철석이 비소의 화학종(5가와 3가 비소)에 따라서 어떠한 흡착 특성을 나타내는가 알아보기 위하여 비소 흡착에 주요하게 영향을 줄 수 있는 자철석의 물리화학적 특성들을 측정하고, 평형론적 실험과 반응속도론적 실험을 병행하여 수행하였다. 비소 흡착제로 사용하기 위하여 실험실에서 합성한 자철석의 영전하점(point of zero charge, PZC)과 비표면적은 각각 6.56과 $16.6\;g/m^2$로 다른 철 (산)수산화물들에 비해 상대적으로 낮은 간들을 나타냈다. 두 비소 화학종과 자철석의 평형실험 결과, 3가 비소가 5가 비소보다 더 많이 흡착되는 것으로 조사되어, 3가 비소가 흡착제로 사용된 자철석과 더 높은 친화력을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 3가 비소는 pH 7에서, 5가 비소는 pH 2에서 흡착량이 가장 높았으며, 5가 비소의 경우 pH가 증가함에 따라 자철석의 표면과 전기적 반발력으로 인해 그 흡착량이 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 pH에 따른 자철석의 표면전하의 변화와 비소의 화학적 형태 등이 비소를 제어하는데 있어서 중요한 인자로 고려되어야 한다는 것을 지시한다. 시간에 따른 흡착 반응연구에서는 5가 비소가 3가 비소보다 더 빠르게 흡착됨을 알 수 있었으나, 비소의 화학적 존재형태에 관계없이 모두 4시간 이내에 평형 흡착에 도달하였다. 또한, 반응속도 실험결과를 지금까지 제안된 다양한 반응속도 모델들과 비교하였을 때, power function과 elovich 모델이 본 연구에서 사용된 자철석과 비소의 흡착을 가장 잘 모사하는 것으로 나타났다.

Predicting As Contamination Risk in Red River Delta using Machine Learning Algorithms

  • Ottong, Zheina J.;Puspasari, Reta L.;Yoon, Daeung;Kim, Kyoung-Woong
    • 자원환경지질
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    • 제55권2호
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    • pp.127-135
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    • 2022
  • Excessive presence of As level in groundwater is a major health problem worldwide. In the Red River Delta in Vietnam, several million residents possess a high risk of chronic As poisoning. The As releases into groundwater caused by natural process through microbially-driven reductive dissolution of Fe (III) oxides. It has been extracted by Red River residents using private tube wells for drinking and daily purposes because of their unawareness of the contamination. This long-term consumption of As-contaminated groundwater could lead to various health problems. Therefore, a predictive model would be useful to expose contamination risks of the wells in the Red River Delta Vietnam area. This study used four machine learning algorithms to predict the As probability of study sites in Red River Delta, Vietnam. The GBM was the best performing model with the accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and specificity of 98.7%, 100%, 95.2%, and 100%, respectively. In addition, it resulted the highest AUC of 92% and 96% for the PRC and ROC curves, with Eh and Fe as the most important variables. The partial dependence plot of As concentration on the model parameters showed that the probability of high level of As is related to the low number of wells' depth, Eh, and SO4, along with high PO43- and NH4+. This condition triggers the reductive dissolution of iron phases, thus releasing As into groundwater.

Exposure and human risk assessment of toxic heavy metals on abandoned metal mine areas

  • Lee Jin-Soo;Chon Hyo-Taek
    • 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국지구물리탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the international symposium on the fusion technology
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    • pp.515-517
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    • 2003
  • In order to assess the risk of adverse health effects on human exposure to arsenic and heavy metals influenced by past mining activities, environmental geochemical surveys were undertaken in the abandoned metal mine areas (Dongil Au-Ag-Cu-Zn, Okdong Cu-Pb-Zn, Songcheon Au-Ag, Dongjung Au-Ag-Pb-Zn, Dokok Au-Ag-Cu and Hwacheon Au-Ag-Pb-Zn mines). Arsenic and other heavy metals were highly elevated in the tailings from the Dongil, the Songcheon and the Dongjung mines. High concentrations of heavy metals except As were also found in tailings from the Okdong, the Dokok and the Hwacheon mines. These significant concentrations can impact on soils and waters around the tailing dumps. Risk compounds deriving from mine sites either constitute a toxic risk or a carcinogenic risk. The hazard index (H.I.) of As in the Dongil, the Okdong, the Songcheon and the Hwacheon mine areas was higher value more than 1.0. In the Okdong and the Songcheon mine areas, H.I. value of Cd exceeded 1.0. These values of As and Cd were the highest in the Songcheon mine area. Therefore, toxic risks for As and Cd exist via exposure (ingestion) of contaminated soil, groundwater and rice grain in these mine areas. The cancer risk for As in stream or ground water used for drinking water from the Songcheon, the Dongil, the Okdong, the Dongjung and the Hwacheon mine areas was 3E-3, 8E-4, 7E-4, 2E-4 and 1E-4, respectively.

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비소의 Two-Line Ferrihydrite에 대한 흡착반응 (Adsorption of Arsenic onto Two-Line Ferrihydrite)

  • 정영일;이우춘;조현구;윤성택;김순오
    • 한국광물학회지
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    • 제21권3호
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    • pp.227-237
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    • 2008
  • 최근 들어 비소오염에 대한 환경적 관심이 증대되면서, 세계적으로 비소에 대한 음용수 기준이 강화되고 있으며, 국내적으로도 비소로 오열된 지하수 덴 토양의 출현 빈도가 높아지면서 비소 오염과 그에 대한 처리 및 대책이 주요한 환경적 관심사로 대두되고 있다. 지중에서 비소의 거동은 주로 산화물들과 점토광물에 의하여 제어되는데, 특히 철(산)수산화물이 가장 효과적으로 비소를 제어하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 다양한 철(산)수산화물들 중 2-line ferrihydrite가 비소의 거동에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 파악하기 위하여 수행되어졌다. 다양한 비소 화학종들 중 자연 상에서 발현 빈도수가 가장 큰 3가 비소(아비산염)와 5가 비소(비산염)가 2-line ferrihydritc와 어떠한 흡착 특성을 갖는지 비교하여 연구하였다. 비소의 흡착제로 실험실에서 제조되어 이용된 2-line ferrihydrite는 $10\sim200nm$의 작은 나노 크기, $247m^{2}/g$의 비교적 큰 비표면적, 다른 철(산)수산화물보다 높은 8.2의 영전하 pH 등을 갖는 것으로 나타났는데, 이러한 2-line ferrihydrite의 대표적인 물리화학적인 특성들은 비소의 흡착제로서 매우 적합한 것으로 조사되었다. 평형흡착 실험결과, 3가 비소가 5가 비소보다 월등히 높은 흡착력을 보였으며, 3가 비소는 pH 7.0, 5가 비소는 pH 2.0에서 가장 놀은 흡착력을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 3가 비소는 pH 12.2를 제외하고는 pH에 따른 흡착량이 크게 차이를 보이지 않은 반면, 5가 비소는 pH가 증가함에 따라 흡착량이 현격하게 갈소하는 것으로 나타났다. pH에 따른 비소의 흡착특성을 보다 더 자세하게 초찰한 견과, 3가 비소는 pH 8.0까지는 흡착량이 증가하다가 pH 9.2 이상에서는 흡착량이 급격하게 같소하는 것으포 나타났다. 5가 비소의 경우에는 pH가 증가할 수록 비교적 일정하게 흡착량이 갉소하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이렇게 비소 화학종에 따라서 상이한 흡착특성을 보이는 이유는 pH에 따른 각 비소 화학종의 화학져 존재 형태(chemical speciation)와 2-line ferrihydrite의 표면전하의 변화 등이 복합적으로 작용하기 때문인 것으로 사료된다. 각 비소 화학종과 2-line ferrihyite와의 흡착특성을 반응속도론적 관점에서 고찰한 결과, 대부분의 비소종들이 2시간 이내에 흡착이 거의 완료되는 것으로 나타났으며, 두 종류의 비소 화학종과 2-line ferrihydrite의 흡착 반응속도를 가장 잘 모사하는 반응속도 모댁은 power function과 elovich model인 것으로 조사되었다.

Phytoremediation Potential of Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.), Mesta (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), and Jute (Corchorus capsularis L.) in Arsenic-contaminated Soil

  • Uddin Nizam, M.;Wahid-U-Zzaman, M.;Mokhlesur Rahman, M.;Kim, Jang-Eok
    • 한국환경농학회지
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    • 제35권2호
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    • pp.111-120
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    • 2016
  • BACKGROUND: Arsenic (As)-contaminated groundwater used for long-term irrigation has emerged as a serious problem by adding As to soils. Phytoremediation potential of fiber crops viz., kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.), mesta (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), and jute (Corchorus capsularis L.) was studied to clean up As-contaminated soil.METHODS AND RESULTS: Varieties of three fiber crops were selected in this study. Seeds of kenaf, mesta, and jute varieties were germinated in As-contaminated soil. Uptake of As by shoot was significantly higher than that by root in the contaminated soil. In As-contaminated soil, kenaf and mesta varieties accumulated more As, than did jute varieties. In the plant parts above ground, mainly the shoots, the highest As absorption was recorded in kenaf cv. HC-3, followed by kenaf cv. HC-95. Kenaf varieties produced more biomass. In terms of higher plant biomass production, and As absorption, kenaf varieties showed considerable potential to remediate As-contaminated soil.CONCLUSION: The overall As absorption and phytoremediation potentiality of plant varieties were in the order of kenaf cv. HC-3 > kenaf cv. HC-95 > mesta cv. Samu-93 > jute cv. CVE-3 > jute cv. BJC-7370. All varieties of kenaf, mesta, and jute could be considered for an appropriate green plant-based remediation technology in As-contaminated soil.

울산폐철광산 광미 안정화를 위한 인회석의 중금속 제거 실내실험 (Laboratory Study on the Removal of Heavy Metals Using Apatite for Stabilization of Tailings at the Ulsan Abandoned Iron Mine)

  • 최정찬
    • 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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    • 제11권4호
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 2006
  • 본 연구의 목적은 울산폐철광산 광미 내의 비소 및 카드뮴의 제거에 대한 인회석을 이용한 실내실험을 평가하고 안정화 기술을 개발하는 것이다. 실내실험 결과, 투수계수의 경우 8% 이하의 인회석이 첨가되었을 때는 인회석 양에 비례하여 감소율이 인회석 첨가함량에 비례하는 것으로 나타나는 반면에 광미에 10% 이상의 인회석이 첨가된 경우에는 투수계수가 거의 일정하게 유지되었다. 증류수를 이용한 중금속 침출 실내실험 시 인회석이 8%이하로 첨가된 광미의 pH는 7.4-8.4로 거의 변화가 없거나 약간 상승하는 경향을 보여주는 반면에, 10% 이상의 인회석이 첨가된 광미의 경우 pH가 시간이 지날수록 약간 감소하는 경향을 보였다. TCLP법 용출실험 결과 침출시킨 광미의 인회석 함량이 높아질수록 중금속 농도가 낮아지는 경향을 보인다. 이는 인회석 및 침출수가 반응하여 생성된 침전물이 재용해되지 않는다는 것을 의미한다. 결론적으로, 인회석이 최소 10% 이상 첨가되어야 침출수에서 비소 및 카드뮴을 거의 제거할 수 있으며 층상이든 혼합된 형태이든 제거율이 유사하므로 현장적용을 위하여 적절한 기술을 택하여 사용해야 할 것이다.