• 제목/요약/키워드: ground effect

검색결과 3,993건 처리시간 0.04초

그라우팅 재료가 지중 유효열전도도에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Grouting Materials on Ground Effective Thermal Conductivity)

  • 손병후
    • 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회B
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    • pp.3371-3376
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    • 2007
  • The design of a ground-source heat pump system includes specifications for a ground loop heat exchanger where the heat transfer rate depends on the thermal conductivity of the ground. To evaluate this heat transfer property, in-situ thermal response tests on four vertical test boreholes with different grouting materials were conducted by adding a monitored amount of heat to water over various test lengths. By measuring the water temperatures entering and exiting the loop, water flow rate, and heat load, effective thermal conductivity values of the ground were determined. The effect of increasing thermal conductivity of grouting materials from 0.82 to 1.05 W/m$^{\circ}C$ resulted in overall increases in effective ground thermal conductivity by 25.8% to 69.5%.

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전류 및 전위 측정선의 평행배치에서 접지임피던스 상호유도 분석 (Inductive Coupling Analysis of Ground Impedance on Parallel Orientation of Current and Potential Conductors)

  • 조성철;엄주홍;이태형
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전기학회 2007년도 제38회 하계학술대회
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    • pp.1470-1471
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    • 2007
  • The mutual coupling between the current and potential measuring wires makes serious effect on the measurement of the ground impedance. For analyzing the effect of mutual coupling, we compared the ground impedance measured on site with the ground impedance calculated with MATLAB. When the parallel length is 10 [m], the measured ground impedance is similar with the calculated ground impedance. As the parallel length is extended over 10 [m], the error between measured ground impedance and calculated ground impedance is also increased on a large scale. We analyzed the mutual coupling by the frequency and present the inaccuracy of ground impedance quantitatively.

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UCA 기반 OAM 다중모드 전송시스템에 대한 지면 반사의 영향 (Ground Reflection Effect on OAM Multi-Mode Transmission System Based on Uniform Circular Arrays)

  • 유정웅;손해원
    • 한국전자파학회논문지
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    • 제29권1호
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    • pp.28-31
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    • 2018
  • 본 논문에서는 균일원형배열(UCA) 안테나를 이용한 궤도각운동량(OAM) 다중모드 전송시스템의 채널용량에 대하여지면 반사가 미치는 영향을 수치적으로 분석하였다. 지면 반사는 OAM 다중모드 간 간섭을 유발하고 시스템의 심각한 성능 저하를 가져온다. 전송거리가 증가함에 따라 OAM 다중모드 채널용량은 지면 반사의 영향으로 인하여 매우 작아진다. 지면 반사의 영향을 줄이기 위해서는 UCA의 높이를 높이고, 배열 소자의 지향성을 높이는 것이 필요하다.

Aerodynamic characteristics of NACA 4412 airfoil section with flap in extreme ground effect

  • Ockfen, Alex E.;Matveev, Konstantin I.
    • International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 2009
  • Wing-in-Ground vehicles and aerodynamically assisted boats take advantage of increased lift and reduced drag of wing sections in the ground proximity. At relatively low speeds or heavy payloads of these craft, a flap at the wing trailing-edge can be applied to boost the aerodynamic lift. The influence of a flap on the two-dimensional NACA 4412 airfoil in viscous ground-effect flow is numerically investigated in this study. The computational method consists of a steady-state, incompressible, finite volume method utilizing the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model. Grid generation and solution of the Navier-Stokes equations are completed using computer program Fluent. The code is validated against published experimental and numerical results of unbounded flow with a flap, as well as ground-effect motion without a flap. Aerodynamic forces are calculated, and the effects of angle of attack, Reynolds number, ground height, and flap deflection are presented for a split and plain flap. Changes in the flow introduced with the flap addition are also discussed. Overall, the use of a flap on wings with small attack angles is found to be beneficial for small flap deflections up to 5% of the chord, where the contribution of lift augmentation exceeds the drag increase, yielding an augmented lift-to-drag ratio.

The topographic effect of ground motion based on Spectral Element Method

  • Liu, Xinrong;Jin, Meihai;Li, Dongliang;Hu, Yuanxin;Song, Jianxue
    • Geomechanics and Engineering
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    • 제13권3호
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    • pp.411-429
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    • 2017
  • A Spectral Element Method for 3D seismic wave propagation simulation is derived based on the three-dimensional fluctuating elastic dynamic equation. Considering the 3D real terrain and the attenuation characteristics of the medium, the topographic effect of Wenchuan earthquake is simulated by using the Spectral Element Method (SEM) algorithm and the ASTER DEM model. Results show that the high PGA (peak ground acceleration) region was distributed along the peak and the slope side away from the epicenter in the epicenter area. The overall distribution direction of high PGA and high PGV (peak ground velocity) region is parallel to the direction of the seismogenic fault. In the epicenter of the earthquake, the ground motion is to some extent amplified under the influence of the terrain. The amplification effect of the terrain on PGA is complicated. It does not exactly lead to amplification of PGA at the ridge and the summit or attenuation of PGA in the valley.

A Numerical Analysis of the Thickness-Induced Effect on the Aerodynamic Characteristics of Wings Moving Near Ground

  • Han, Cheolheui;Cho, Jinsoo
    • International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.29-35
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    • 2000
  • A numerical method to simulate Wing-In-Ground(WIG) effects for the wings moving near ground is developed. The aerodynamic analysis scheme for the wings is based on a compressible non-planar lifting surface panel method and the WIG effect is included by images. The thickness-induced effect is implemented into the lifting surface panel method by using the teardrop theory. The numerical simulation is done for the rectangular wings by varying the ground proximity. The present method is validated by comparing the calculated aerodynamic coefficients with other numerical results and measured data, showing good agreements.

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훨타워 로터 블레이드의 지면효과 (Ground Effect of a Rotor Blade on a Whirl Tower)

  • 강희정;김승호
    • 항공우주기술
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.74-81
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    • 2011
  • 비정렬 중첩 격자에 기반한 수치기법을 사용하여 훨타워에서 회전하는 로터 블레이드 공력 수치해석을 수행함으로써, 지면 효과에 대해 고찰하였다. 훨타워 주위의 건물에 의한 블레이드 공력 특성 변화도 고려되었다. 계산 결과는 정지 비행 성능특성에 대해 훨시험 결과와 비교하여 일치함을 확인하였다. 또한 지면효과가 없는 조건의 해석결과 및 모델식 값과 비교함으로써 지면효과를 확인하였다.

Seismic response of a high-rise flexible structure under H-V-R ground motion

  • We, Wenhui;Hu, Ying;Jiang, Zhihan
    • Earthquakes and Structures
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    • 제23권2호
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    • pp.169-181
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    • 2022
  • To research the dynamic response of the high-rise structure under the rocking ground motion, which we believed that the effect cannot be ignored, especially accompanied by vertical ground motion. Theoretical analysis and shaking table seismic simulation tests were used to study the response of a high-rise structure to excitation of a H-V-R ground motion that included horizontal, vertical, and rocking components. The use of a wavelet analysis filtering technique to extract the rocking component from data for the primary horizontal component in the first part, based on the principle of horizontal pendulum seismogram and the use of a wavelet analysis filtering technique. The dynamic equation of motion for a high-rise structure under H-V-R ground motion was developed in the second part, with extra P-△ effect due to ground rocking displacement was included in the external load excitation terms of the equation of motion, and the influence of the vertical component on the high-rise structure P-△ effect was also included. Shaking table tests were performed for H-V-R ground motion using a scale model of a high-rise TV tower structure in the third part, while the results of the shaking table tests and theoretical calculation were compared in the last part, and the following conclusions were made. The results of the shaking table test were consistent with the theoretical calculation results, which verified the accuracy of the theoretical analysis. The rocking component of ground motion significantly increased the displacement of the structure and caused an asymmetric displacement of the structure. Thus, the seismic design of an engineering structure should consider the additional P-△ effect due to the rocking component. Moreover, introducing the vertical component caused the geometric stiffness of the structure to change with time, and the influence of the rocking component on the structure was amplified due to this effect.

Dilatometer를 이용한 인천국제공항 지역의 지반개량효과 평가 (Evaluation to the effect of ground improvement at Inchon International Airport area using the Flat Dilatometer)

  • 김종국;김학중;전창대
    • 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국지반공학회 2000년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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    • pp.309-316
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    • 2000
  • When highly compressible, clayey soil layers lies at a limited depth and large consolidtion settlements are expected as the result of construction, precompression of soil may be used to minimize postconstruction settlement. In this study, we tried to find the possibility about the effect of ground improvement using flat dilatometer at the Inchon International Airport where preloading was installed. Field and laboratory tests were performed for soft ground before and after preloading in order to check the effectiveness of the soft ground improvement and compared with the test results of dilatometer which obtained before and after preloading at the same location Field tests such as flat dilatometer, vane, CPTu tests were performed before and after preloading and undisturbed samples are obtained to carry out laboratory tests. As comparing results, after preloading, unit weight, effective stress, undrained shear strength were increased and we can also check the decrease of consolidation late caused of decrease of void ratio. Furthermore, it is assumed that the possibility on the effect of ground improvement by using the flat dilatometer

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이산와류법을 사용한 비평면 지면 와류전개 연구 (Study on the Wake Evolution on the Non-Planar Ground Using a Discrete Vortex Method)

  • 한철희
    • 융복합기술연구소 논문집
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    • 제6권2호
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    • pp.21-24
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    • 2016
  • Accurate simulation of wakeshapes behind a wing is important for the performance prediction of the aircraft and the wake hazard problem in the airport. In the present study, wakeshapes behind a wing inside tunnels are simulated in regard to the development of wing-in-ground effect vehicles. A discrete vortex method with a nonplanar ground modelling is used for the simulation. It was found that the wingtip vortices move toward outboard directions when the wing is in ground effect. When the wing is placed inside tunnels, the wingtip vortices move along the tunnel wall with counter clockwise direction. As the gap between the wingtip and the tunnel decreases, the wingtip vortices move further along the tunnel wall. Both vortices from bothsides of the wing will murge, which will be studied in future using a viscous computation.