• Title/Summary/Keyword: grief

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The Attitude of the Bereaved Family Attending a Bereavement Memorial Service (사별가족모임과 관련된 사별가족 태도 연구)

  • Jung, In-Soon;Shim, Byoung-Yong;Kim, Young-Seon;Lee, Ok-Kyung;Han, Sun-Ae;Shin, Ju-Hyun;Lee, Jong-Ku;Hwang, Su-Hyun;Ok, Jong-Sun;Kim, Hoon-Kyo
    • Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.143-151
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    • 2005
  • Purpose: Bereavement Memorial Service has been held every year by the hospice team at St. Vincent's Hospital for the purpose of supporting the bereaved family who feel grief and mourning. The purpose of this study is to find out the attitude of the bereaved attending at bereavement memorial service (BMS) and to find out the areas needing improvements to set up better memorial service. Methods: Hospice team sent invitation card to 180 families of patients who admitted and passed away at hospice ward Nov., 2003${\sim}$Oct., 2004. Among them 22 families attended the BMS meeting, which was held on 26th Nov., 2004. The researcher collected data from 22 families with 'Questionnaire' survey. Except identifying data and 2 dichotomy questions, we used open-ended questionnaire. 1 researcher conducted a telephone interview survey in 18 families who couldn't attend at BMS meeting. Results: The median age was 56 (range $16{\sim}19$) and there were 37 females and 3 males. They were patient's wife (22), mother (4), husband (5), daughter (4), mother-in-law (1), siblings (1), brothers wife (1). Duration after bereavement, $1{\sim}3$ months (17) was the highest frequency. 36 families agreed 'the dead experienced the death with dignity'. The reason of agreement to the death with dignity was 'the patient died in preparation' (16). 'the patient died in well-being condition spiritually' (9), 'the patient died in comfort physically (7). 4. persons thought the dead died with indignity. The bereaved defined 'the death with dignity' as follows: 'acceptance of death & death in spiritual well-being' (9), 'death in physical comfort condition' (7), 'the death in psycho-social well-being' (3), non-respondents (10). Most families (21) were still in difficulty to overcome bereavement grief. The answer regarding the method to overcome the difficulty was 'with spiritual sublimation' (13), 'with devotion of oneself in daily life' (10), 'with devotion to mourning as it is' (3). With regard to their attitude to invitation, 'having joy and thanks from hospice team' (21), 'grief' (4), 'suffering' (4). Toward the existence of hesitation about attendance at BMS meeting, the result as follows. Nonexistence of hesitation respondent (34), existence respondent (6), the reason for hesitation was various; 'the meeting reminds me of the suffering times', 'the meeting makes me to recall, and it will be likely to cry', and so on. The needs and feelings to memorial service meeting were various; 'it was meaningful time', 'it was good to recall about the dead', 'more meeting annually' and so on. In respect of the most difficulty after bereavement, in attendant family, 'depression' (10) was the highest frequency, whereas, in non-attendant family, the most difficult thing was 'financial problem/role difficulty (6). Conclusion: This study shows the rate of attendance was high in bereaved whose bereavement duration $1{\sim}3$ month. Most of bereaved were still suffering from bereavement grief within 1 year. Although most families didn't hesitate and felt positive mood to invitation, the rate of attendance was low. Comparing with two groups between attendant family and non-attendant, the latter felt more difficulty in 'financial problem/role difficulty, on the other hand, the former felt difficulty in 'depression'. Hereafter, the additional study about the factor relating to these attitude and needs of the bereaved relating to memorial service will be necessary.

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Study of Interactions of Twelve Elements of the Earth in the Principle of the Sasang Constitutional Medicine (십이지지의 원리로 바라본 사상의학에 대한 연구)

  • Kim Guang Ho;Kang Jung Soo
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.688-700
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    • 2004
  • Dongmugong(東武公) advanced seven-feeling theory of Danguea(丹溪) and spirit-action theory of Buddhism. Sasang Constitutional Medicine has big three ideological base; phylosophy of the human nature, natural laws and the doctrines of Wangyangming(王陽明). In Dongyuisusebowon(東醫壽世保元), it is insisted that one's nature(性) and feelings(情) influenced to change his or her external form and the function of the internal organs. According to Dongyuisusebowon, the metabolism of human body is influenced by the actions of the nature(性) and the feelings(情). Also, sometimes, people get sick because of the disharmony of them. Of course, the concept of the nature(性) and the feelings(情) is different from a general idea. In Dongyuisusebowon, the nature(性) is made up of the intelligence(智), the courtesy(禮), the integrity(義), and the affection(仁). It is same with the feelings(情). The feelings(情), according to Sasang Constitutional Medicine, is composed of grief(哀), anger(怒), pleasure(喜), and enjoyment(樂). Dongmugong explained those in his writings and we got to know that the physiology and pathology of Sasang Constitutional Medicine could be explained by the interactions of twelve elements of the earth(十二地支). Symptoms and signs in his books can be explained by the same mechanism in Sanghanlon(傷寒論), but these of each constitution could be seen different one because of the different characteristics of Sasangin(四象人)

Mediating Effect of Decentering between Centrality of Event and Meaning Reconstruction on Relational Loss Experience (관계상실경험자의 사건중심성과 의미재구성의 관계: 탈중심화의 매개효과)

  • Kim, Soon-Me;Lee, Su-Lim
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.20 no.6
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    • pp.445-459
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    • 2020
  • The purpose of this study was to verify the mediating effect of decentering between centrality of event and meaning reconstruction, based on relational loss experiences. To do so, surveys were conducted on 295 people(male: 109, female: 186) who would experience relational loss and be over 20 years old in the country using a questionnaire including a relational loss history checklist, the CES(Centrality of Event Scale), the Decentering Scale and the GMRI(Grief and Meaning Reconstruction Inventory). And the valid data were statistically processed using SPSS 22.0 program. The results of the study was followed. First, both centrality of event and decentering had positive corrleations with meaning reconstruction. Second, decentering completely mediated relationship of centrality of event and meaning reconstruction. Centrality of event had no direct effect on meaning reconstruction and the entire effect of centrality of event on meaning reconstruction was transmitted only through the path of decentering. Based on these results, limitations and implications of this study and suggestions for future studies were discussed.

Adaptation Resilience in Relation to Parenting Stress for Mothers with Children of Developmental Disabilities (학령 전 발달장애아 어머니의 적응유연성과 양육스트레스의 관계)

  • Yang, Sim-Young
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.280-293
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    • 2014
  • The following research is based on a strengths perspective for analyzing the effects of adaptation resilience on parenting stress. The subject were 170mothers whose children have developmental disabilities and attend pre-school and social welfare centers for early education. The results were following: 1) The order of dimensional scores from highest to lowest were social resources, structuralization of personality, social achievement, personal strengths, perception of future, strength of family cohesion. 2) The parenting stress of the subjects came out to be lower than average scoring 2.71 out of 5. Dimensionally, grief of parents came out to be the highest. 3) Adaptation resilience and parenting stress for subjects exhibited a negative correlation. Within adaptation resilience, the dimensions of perception of future, personal strengths, social resources came out to be factors that have significant effects on parenting stress. 4) factors relating to the mother's adaptation resilience were more important than general characteristics belonging to handicapped children and their mothers for the purpose of explaining and predicting parenting stress.

Experiences of Spousal Bereavement in Middle Aged Men (중년남성의 배우자 사별경험)

  • Park, Kyung-Bok;Kim, Boon-Han
    • Asian Oncology Nursing
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.143-153
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    • 2004
  • Death of spouse is the most heartbreaking stressful and inevitable tragic life event. In middle aged men who belong to the social middle class and accomplished their occupational success, experiences of spousal bereavement are great shock. The aim of this study was to find out how they overcome their mental and physical pain and to obtain the basic materials to develop suitable nursing care programs for them. The methodological approach of this study is Giorgi's phenomenological analysis meaning unit. This method also makes theme focal meaning, situated structural description and create general structural description grasped by participator's experience through situated structure description. This study performed from November 2002 to May 2004, and participators were four men. Data collected through in-depth personal interviews. which had been tapped and analysed the Giorgi's method. Finally, the five focal meaning below have been abstracted. Theme 1. Physical symptom loss of appetite, fatigue, insomnia. outbreak of illness, weight loss. Theme 2. life of spiritless lack of desire, sense of emptiness, unstableness, prosaic life. wandering. indifference of appearances, avoidance of meeting people. Theme 3. life of retrospction reflection for his wife, yearning, grief, muttering to himself, never-to-be forgotten wife, leading a lonely life. Theme 4. negative emotion reproaching, feeling hurt, marriage of daughter, feeling heavy, getting angry, sexual desire, awareness of his sinfulness. loneliness Theme 5. social support and adjustment getting his wife off his mind, curring favor with children, support and consolation by his daughter-in-law, appreciation for hospice nurse, considering remarriage, taking care of himself, good relation with his children. The result of this study showed that middle aged men bereaved of their wife by cancer need other's concern. And we have to study further to understand their experience. Until now hospice nursing is concentrated on cancer patients But from now we have to provide their families suitable nursing care programs to adjust themselves to social life before and after death of patients.

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Factors Related to Depression among Older People Living in Homes for the Aged of the Western Part of Thailand

  • Karuncharernpanit, Sirikul;Limrat, Wanutchaporn;Makaroon, Wanisa;Khumnate, Woramon;Chayvijit, Wannisa;Sukomol, Vimolmas;Shooshuenmanakid, Suthita;Tubson, Sunisa;Santiwarangkul, Ananya
    • Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.38-50
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    • 2016
  • Introduction: Geriatric depression is one of the significant mental health issues for older people. This descriptive study aimed to investigate the correlation between selected factors and depression among older people, living in homes for the aged in the western part of Thailand. Methods: 107 older people, living in two homes for the aged of the western part of Thailand were recruited to the study, using cluster sampling. Three questionnaires, including the Barthel Index Activity of Daily living (BADL), the Thai Geriatric Depression Scale (TGDS), and personal characteristics, perceived health status, chronic diseases, family relationship, and recent grief and loss experience were used. The quality of all questionnaires, especially the reliability of BADL, TGDS, and selected factors (e.g., health factors) were 0.95, 0.93, and 0.72 respectively. After finishing data collection, percentages, medians, and Spearman's rank correlation and Mann-Whitney U were used to analyze the data. Results and discussion: The results revealed that nearly half (41.1%) of older people suffered from depression. Furthermore, income, perceived health status, and Barthel ADL index were significantly negatively associated with depression at p<0.01; whereas, the number of chronic diseases was significantly positively associated with depression at p<0.05. Conclusion: results on the correlation may guide the practice in the future. For example, the officers or health care providers in homes for the aged should encourage older people to be independent, improve their perceived health status, increase health promoting behaviors to prevent or delay chronic illnesses, or increase older people incomes by promoting the appropriate occupation.

The Historical Research into Jeol (배례(절) 역사적 고증)

  • 표성은;이길표
    • Journal of Families and Better Life
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.115-127
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    • 1990
  • The Korean have admired and lived with decorums through Jeol, a representative practical formality which expresses the decorums intensively. Jeol is the way of greeting native to Korea and an intangible culture close to Korean life style. To be remained as a culture, the traditional propriety Jeol should reconcile to the present life feflecting our history. On this viewpoint, the purpose of this research is to furnish the authority of the creative inheritance on the settlement of Jeol and other decorums suitable to the present. This research is consisted of 1) the study of the meaning of Jeol and 2) the hidtorical research through records. 'Jurye' is regarded as the oldest literature on the systematic explanation about Jeol and has been very often used down the ages. Jindong in 'Jurye' and Kodu in 'Karyejipram' are the same Jeol which expresses the grief in funeral rites. In 'Seonghosaseol', Abae which stands one knee is explained and investigated as the case of offense by the literature. And it is also interpreated as a Jeol with respect, while many other Jeol is to fall an both of kness, Abae is not performed generally. 'Yeki' has brief explanation about Kongsu Manner (to hold hands), Jeol between the king and minister, host and guest, Buinbae, Jeol in custom, wedding ceremony and funeral ceremony and Jeol in drinking manner. In 'Chunchukongyangjeon'. there is the explanation about Jeol of the minister who comes back after his duty to the king. 'Sunjajiphae' interprets Bae and Kyesang and informs that Kuesu is the most respectful Jeol only to the king, 'Seojeon' proves the Jeol habitually used in all kinds of ceremonies and etiquettes. 'Jeongbomunheonbigo' introduces the custom of Jeol in Shilla, Koguryo, Buyeo, Koryo eras by using literature and shows the commoness of both kneeling down generally. The result of this research has the meaning for the creation of life culture in the basis of the spirit 'Onkojisin'(reviewing the old and learning the new) by establishing the present Jeol with tradition.

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A study on the Physiology of the Lung by 'Un Qi' and the clinical meaning of its Phyological Systems (폐장생리(肺臟生理)의 운기적(運氣的) 인식과 그 생리계통(生理系統)의 임상적 의의에 관한 연구(硏究))

  • Shin, Heung-Mook;Kim, Gil-Whon
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.5-14
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    • 1997
  • This paper documents a study of the physiology of the lung. The aim of this paper is to better comprehend the physiological function of lung. To this end, the relationship between the physiological function of the lung and the characteristics of the 'Keum Un Qi Hua'(金運氣化), and the functional changes of the lung and its surrounding physiological systems have been studied in their relationship to the concept of the organism as a whole. The results of this study are as follows; The function of the lung is comprehended as corresponding to the 'Keum Un Qi Hua'. In visceral phenomenon, the lung has specific relations with the large intestine(大腸), nase(鼻), skin and hair(皮毛), sweat gland(汗孔), nasal mucus(涕), spirit(氣魄), grief and melancholy(憂 悲), the lung channel of hand-taiyin(手太陰肺經), the large intestine channel of hand-yangming(手陽明大腸經). This is called ‘the physiological systems of the lung’, and because these mutual relations reflect the functional changes of the lung, it is applied as the elementary knowledge to diagnose and treat the lung. For instance, a deficiency of the 'Qi‘ of the lung brings on an unconsolidated defending energy whose manifestations are sweating spontaneously as well as being susceptible to the common cold due to a diability in fighting against external pathogenic factors. Invasion of the lung by external pathogenic factors blocks the movement of the 'Qi' of the lung, which results in nasal obstraction. watery nasal discharge and a hyposmia. So the physiological functions and pathological changes of the lung can be determined by observing ’the physiological systems of the lung‘ based on the precepts of oriental medicine. As a result, the function of the lung is to be understood based on the characteristics of the 'Keum Un Qi Hua'. Furthermore we can know that the physiological systems of the lung mirrors the functional changes of the lung.

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Comparison of Dietary Habits, Exercise, Recognized Body Shapes and Weight Control between Obesity and Underweight of Adolescents (저체중과 비만 청소년의 식습관, 운동, 체형인식과 체중조절 비교)

  • Moon, Sun-Soon;Lee, Yang-Soon
    • Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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    • v.18 no.6
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    • pp.1337-1348
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    • 2009
  • This study was conducted to determine major factors underweight and obesity by comparing and analyzing dietary habits, exercise and weight control of obesity and underweight of Adolescents. The subjects were 26,039 students and they were divided according Body Mass Index(BMI). The collected data was analyzed through frequency, percentage, chi-square test. The results were as follows. 1) Among the male students 67.3%, 32.7% and among the female ones 82.7% and 17.3% were included in the underweight and the obese groups, respectively. 2) For dietary habits, the rate of skipping breakfast(12.5%, 13.6%) was considerably higher than those of skipping lunch and dinner. 3) The females and the obese group received more stress, felt more unhappiness, grief, depression and thought more suicide than the males and the underweight group, respectively. 4) The underweight group had higher rate of strengthening exercise of males and females. 5) For self-recognized body shape, while in the underweight group had a wrong image of their body shape, while more males in the obese group had a distorted self body image. 6) Measures to control weight were regular exercise, reduced amount of diet, and the obese group controled their weight more actively than the underweight group of the male and the female students. 7) From these results, appropriate mental health programs and education programs about health knowledge, properly self-recognized body shape and measures to control weight were considered to be necessary.

A review of the Traditional Concept of Psychologic Therapy in Oriental Medicine-specially about Oh-Ji-Sang-Seung(五志相勝療法) Therapy- (오지상승요법(五志相勝療法)에 관한 임상사례(臨床事例) 연구(硏究)와 현대적(現代的) 이해(理解))

  • Jang Hyun-Ho;Lyu Yeoung-Su;Kang Hyung-Won
    • Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.11-27
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    • 2001
  • In oriental medicine, from old times, psychological therapy has been regarded as physical therapy that has been inseparable from psychological therapy. The major objects for oriental psychological therapy is human emotions. Human emotions can be put in the seven feelings(七精) that include Joy(善), Anger(怒), Grief(思), Pity(悲), Fear(恐), Surprise(驚). The seven feelings are connected with human physiology. If each of the seven feelings if excessive, human physiology loses its valance. So the seven feelings are major causes of diseases. The specific character of oriental neuropsychiatry is to make use of the seven feelings in clinical treatment. These oriental neuropsychiatry therapies are performed through consultation with the patient. Of these therapies, Oh-Ji-Sang-Seung(五志相勝療法) is based on the theo교 of interrelation in five elements(metal, wood, water, fire, and earth) in oriental medicine. Specially the sequential subjugations of the five emotions are applied. The contents of Oh-Ji-Sang-Seung(五志相勝療法) include five subjugations of five emotions. Anxiety subjugates fear(思勝恐), fear subjugates joy(恐勝喜), joy subjugates pity(喜勝悲), pity subjugates anger(悲勝怒) and anger subjugates anxiety(怒勝思). The psychological therapy of Oh-Ji-Sang-Seung(五志相勝療法) can be applied in all area of neuropsychiatry. These days, many mental diseases such as Panic Disorder, Depression Somatoform disorders, and negative symptoms of Schizophrenia have been improved by Oh-Ji-Sang-Seung(五志相勝療法) therapy. Here, we present the treatment cases applied Oh-Ji-Sang-Seung(五志相勝療法) therapy in oriental medicine quoted from old oriental books and the latest treatment cases. Moreover, we hope that many oriental therapist will treat many different patients with mental disorders by Oh-Ji-Sang-Seung(五志相勝療法) therapy.

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