• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2003

This paper is researching the storing of 40 different kinds of conditions. Such as, car speed, delay in starting time and the volume of cars in traffic. Through the use of a central nervous networking system or AI, using 10 different intersecting roads. We will improve the green traffic light. And allow more cars to easily flow through the intersections. Now days, with increasing many vehicles on restricted roads, the conventional traffic light creates prove startup-delay time and end-lag-time. The conventional traffic light loses the function of optimal cycle. And so, 30-45% of conventional traffic cycle is not matched to the present traffic cycle. In this paper proposes electro sensitive traffic light using fuzzy look up table method which will reduce the average vehicle waiting time and improve average vehicle speed. Computer simulation results prove that reducing the average vehicle waiting time which proposed considering passing vehicle length for optimal traffic cycle is better than fixed signal method which dosen't consider vehicle length.

• 공업화학
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.112-116
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• 2018

주조공정 중 주형제조 시 점결제로 사용되는 silicate계 바인더의 주요원료 중 하나인 물유리와 첨가제(Si, 알칼리 금속)의 혼합특성을 살펴보았다. 물유리와 첨가제 그리고 비율에 따라 제조된 혼합물은 FT-IR분석을 통해 분자결합구조를 살펴보았으며, 점도측정으로 분자구조와의 상관관계를 비교하였다. 물유리에 Si 소스의 제공은 물질 내 Si 망상결합을 촉진시켜 점도는 증가하였고, 알칼리 금속을 첨가하였을 경우에 물유리의 Si 망상결합을 억제하여 점도가 낮아졌다. 물유리와 리튬 실리케이트(lithium silicate, LS)의 혼합물의 점도는 LS의 함량이 20 wt% 이하에서는 LS의 함량이 증가할수록 증가하였지만, 20 wt%를 초과할 경우 점차 낮아졌다. 물유리에 KOH를 첨가함으로써 점도를 낮출 수 있었으며, 콜로이달 실리카(colloidal silica, CS) 또는 potassium methyl siliconate (PMS)와의 혼합을 효과적으로 이용하는 데 이용할 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• 제1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2001

The biotope network of Susung gu is characterized as dense residence zones forming its core that enable partial biotope in and around the residential zones. First, in district I, it is possible to make these zones connected to the third district. In district II, which is abundant in biotope, it is very important not to continue destoyi9ng the existing biotopes. In the case of district III, old residence zones have fill the severe gap between forests and the Sinchun river, through redevelopment, which covers more than 30% of the biotope area with large scaled linear residence areas. In the case of district IV, limited destruction of biotope and the improvement of nature areas were suggested as the alternative for preservation of biotopes. Consequently, in the construction of the biotope network in Su-sung gu, the maintenance of existing biotopes is required. Int he old residence zones, as redevelopment occurs, by maintaining biotope area of more than 30% and making the scale of residential complexes more than 1ha, it is possible for old residence zones to accomplish the role of providing important green spaces. In the case of newly developed residential zones, by reducing the rate of pavement of traffic conducts, utilizing small sized parks at the junctions and the plantation of trees along the corridors, the entire residence zones are able to accomplish the role of providing important green space. The problem houses and connecting the inner green space of the private houses with the green spaces of the streets in some areas. Futhermore, green spaces of forests must not be used for urban development. Dual planting on sidewalks, planting plots dispersed among streets and median strips must be established on road, too.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.67-79
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• 2001

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the biotope value in a metropolitan area after constructing the biotope evaluation model to develop biotope networking in the light of ecological landscape planning. In addition this study is to provide a basic frame of constructing the biotope networking system in the future with the evaluation results. The scope of this research is limited to high density residential area including some part of the forest adjacent to urban boundary. The results of the classified biotope in the research area have been turned out to be 24 patterns. According to the result of estimated nature value having the forth grade, three were forests combined with urban natural parks, schools near forests, and grasslands. There is a little place having first grade. We an deduce this fact that we have surveyed biotopes, having the minimum nature value and wider than children's park. As for the result of evaluated the structure, there were the forests of Seong-Dong, Meaho-Dong, and Kumho river, which is the forth grade. As for the evaluation of connection-function, the followings area were evaluated as the third grade-linear biotopes having highly valued and sustainable similarity - Seoul-Pusan Railroad, Dong-Daegu St., Kumho river, river basins. Bum대 park and a botanic park near Suesung lake, As for the evaluated the buffer-function, higly valued production biotopes, existing at a transition belt between he residential density areas, are Sawol-Dong, Meaho-Dong and Kumho river. When each of the indexes was evaluated, the core of the biotop contained most of natural biotopes. Large artificial biotopes were evaluated as an important biotopes, while small artificial biotopes were classified as a dot biotope. The future research on the concrete biotope networking construction, based upon performed evaluation in this research, should be conducted.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.6469-6477
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• 2013

인터넷의 규모가 확대됨에 따라, 인터넷의 에너지 소모와 GHG(Green House Gas) 배출에 대한 문제는 최근의 새로운 이슈로 등장하였다. 그러나 이러한 문제를 다루는 인터넷 그리닝(Greening)에 대한 관심은 주로 엣지(Edge) 장비에 집중되어 있으며, 과도한 네트워크 연결성으로 인한 유선 네트워크 장비의 에너지 낭비량과 절약 잠재성에 대해서는 깊이 있는 연구가 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 유선 네트워크에서 에너지 효율성에 대한 관심의 배경과 연구의 타당성을 환경적, 경제적, 에너지 사용의 측면에서 상세히 제시한다. 그리고 네크워크 장비에서의 에너지 소모량과 절약 잠재성을 추정하고 도출한 데이터를 바탕으로 유선 네트워크 장비의 에너지 소모의 주된 요인을 분석하여, 향후 미래 인터넷 기술의 발전 방향을 제시한다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.626-648
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• 2011

Energy consumption of wireless access networks is in permanent increase, which necessitates development of more energy-efficient network management approaches. Such management schemes must result with adaptation of network energy consumption in accordance with daily variations in user activity. In this paper, we consider possible energy savings of wireless local area networks (WLANs) through development of a few integer linear programming (ILP) models. Effectiveness of ILP models providing energy-efficient management of network resources have been tested on several WLAN instances of different sizes. To cope with the problem of high computational time characteristic for some ILP models, we further develop several heuristic algorithms that are based on greedy methods and local search. Although heuristics obtains somewhat higher results of energy consumption in comparison with the ones of corresponding ILP models, heuristic algorithms ensures minimization of network energy consumption in an amount of time that is acceptable for practical implementations. This confirms that network management algorithms will play a significant role in practical realization of future energy-efficient network management systems.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.173-183
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• 2021

As low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) end devices (EDs) are deployed in massive scale, their economic and environmental costs of operation are becoming too significant to ignore and too difficult to estimate. While LPWAN architectures and protocols are designed to primarily save energy, this study shows that energy saving does not necessarily lead to lower cost or environmental footprint of the network. Accordingly, a theoretical framework is proposed to estimate the operational expenditure (OpEx) and environmental footprint of LPWAN EDs. An extended constrained optimization model is provided for the ED link assignment to gateways (GWs) based on heterogeneous ED configurations and hardware specifications. Based on the models, a simulation framework is developed which demonstrates that OpEx, energy consumption, and environmental footprint can be in conflict with each other as constrained optimization objectives. We demonstrate different ways to achieve compromises in each dimension for overall improved network performance.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.139-156
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• 2004

All Papers on Ecological Landscape Degign in KILA from 1973 to 2003 are listed herein for finding research issues and trends. The emerging field of Ecological studies of landscape design is based on Landscape Ecology and Watershed Ecology, the Principles of which can be applied to surveying and evaluation, Planning and design, construction and management focusing preservation of wildlife habitat and niche. This field can be classified into six categories: 1. Sustainable site planning and index, 2. Ecological planning process and regulation, 3. landscape ecology and biotope map, 4. Watershed and eco corridor project, 5. Urban forestry and environment, and 6. artificial ground and restoration ecology. The following is the summary of the findings from Paper review: 1. Sustainable index shall be studied about more specified sites. Water recycling facilities, and reservation wet land need to be studied. 2. Policy and legislation research on Ecological design shall be researched by expanding of the application field. Nature park planning and management fields shall be considered as the main theme of green networking Parts. 3. Landscape Ecological studies should be connected to practical surveying data, e.g. the eco-maps published by Environment Ministry. Traditional culture and science should be joined with the modem science. 4. Eco-corridor planning will go with the scenarios and theories of watershed ecology. 5. Urban forestry shall be studied with the wildlife's behavior and habitat. 6. Restoration engineering techniques should be reconsidered with the wildlife's existence and environmental affiliation.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.261-272
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• 2009

본 논문은 지역역량에 영향을 미치는 개인적인 요소 중 하나인 지역사회 활동에의 '참여 요소'를 검토하고자 한다. 지역활동에 참여하지 않던 주민이 어떤 경로를 통해 참여에 관심을 가지기 시작하고, 지속적으로 참여를 하게 되는지를 파악함으로써, 지역역량 강화를 위해서 주민참여의 수준을 높이는 방법을 모색하는 데 시사점을 제공하고자 하는 것이 본 연구의 목표이다. 심층면담을 통해, 본 연구에서는 참여를 끌어내고 지속시키기 위한 3가지 핵심 요소를 도출하였다. 첫째, 자신이 한 일에 대한 지역사회로부터의 인정, 즉 사회적 성취감을 느낄 수 있도록 하는 지역사회에서의 작은 참여, 둘째, 자신의 문제를 공유할 수 있다는 신뢰 관계의 구축, 셋째, 개인적인 이해(관심)를 지역 수준의 현안으로 확대시키는 노력이다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.502-510
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• 2021

본 연구는 알러지 대학생의 삶의 만족도에 대한 영향요인의 성별 차이를 생태학적 접근을 통해 실시하였다. 2015년도 지역사회 건강조사 자료를 이용하여 알러지 질환을 의사로부터 진단받은 대학생 1,862명을 연구대상자로 선정하였다. 연구결과, 남학생의 삶의 만족도는 알러지 질환정도, 주간 아침식사일수, 친구와의 네트워크, 친척과의 활동, 종교적 활동, 자연환경과 의료서비스 여건에 대한 만족도로 7.9% (Adj R2=.079, F=12.550, p<.001)을 설명하였다. 여학생은 주간 아침식사일수, 친척과의 활동과 자연환경만족도로 삶의 만족도 3.0% (Adj R2=.030, F=10.282, p<.001)을 설명하였다. 알러지 질환 대학생의 삶의 만족도 향상을 위해서는 아침식사와 자연환경 만족도 향상을 위한 방안마련이 요구된다.