• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.51-58
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• 2002

Since planning of green-network is deeply being discussed, natural environmental disruption from an enlarged civilization is causing serious problems for urban communities. The purpose of this research is to support green-network infrastructure of Gangnam-gu, Seoul, considering ecological environmental planning for urban parks. The Methodologies for this study are landcover classification, NDVI and subjective analysis, and residents' survey. Findings of this research are as follows : 1) Based on the results, the area adjacent to Daemo mountain shows significant differences between 1985 and 1999. These results imply that the green space has been decreasing and deeply destroying. 2) Residents' survey shows that people want to live with wild animals and plants in the natural park. Future development planning of urban park should consider primary factors : ecosystem, increasing inhabitants' participation.

• Special Issue of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• 2007.09a
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• pp.94-98
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• 2007

The latest development of the submarine oil field and the deep-sea explorer, FPSO is commonly proposed and used for offshore oil production. And because the fundamental requirement of FPSOs to remain moored at their position, they are unable to avoid severe weather and environment. FPSO normally operates head to the weather, and sensitive equipment located the exposed area will be influenced by green water damages, the damages may occur to both onboard equipment and topside structures with resulting risk to personnel. In this paper, the main focus considers the physical structures of green water protector in order to preserve topside structures, equipment and personnel from green water.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.66-78
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to minimize the forest disturbance around an entry road of a power transmission tower construction site between Taean and Sinsesan, Chungnam. The main study field was classified into existing materials and a GIS, remote sensing analysis, and a field examination. This information was used to identify the most suitable entry road using a degree of green naturality map, eco-naturality map, actual vegetation map, and a forest state map as the existing materials. Also, the study used an normalized difference vegetation index, altitude and slope map in order to make the evaluation materials which used an remote sensing image, and GIS. This data was used to choose an optimum area, and diagnosed the current condition of the vegetation with a field survey of the area. It analyzed vegetation structure, species diversity, the age of trees in a field examination. Subsequently, we proposed four area types based on the analysis results--preservation area, transplantation area, restoration area and development area. As a result, the preservation area was categorized into 8 grades, according to the degree of green naturality, large area of breast diameter at Pinus densiflora community, competition area of Pinus densiflora and Quercus spp. and Quercus spp. community of over 20 years old. A transplantation area established 46 optimum areas according to the GIS analysis and vegetation investigation results. Vegetation restoration plan for disturbance area should be made based on ecological value of existing vegetation to worthwhile area as Quercus spp. mixing forest proposed. The development area selected a ecological worthless place as an artificial forest where Pinus densiflora and Pinus thunbergii growth is poor. This research results suggest that restoration of vegetation will be possible in the real world. Also, ecological restoration guidelines will be made through building and analyzing data base and routine monitoring of transplantation and restoration area.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.102-112
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• 2007

Like other organic beings, modern cities change every day. Unlike in the past, changes of space which have been taking place in concentrated spaces during short periods of time have worsened the environment of cities creating environmental problems. In particular, the urban heat-island phenomenon, which is caused by changes in using the earth's surface, has emerged as a key social issue along with health problems and economic difficulties. The Green Network has been introduced as an urban planning approach to solve the urban heat-island phenomenon. This study suggests constructing a Green Network through analyzing the urban heat island phenomenon, land cover classification, and linkage possibility with the Green Network and wind corridors by researching Jung-Gu, and Nam-Gu in Daegu Metropolitan City. In conclusion, this study presented the construction of a broad and detailed Green Network of object areas by assigning Apsan to the southern area and mountain area as the core, two areas of Nam-Gu and six areas of Jung-Gu such as Duryu Park and, Dalsung Park as footholds and other school land and park facility areas as footholds-to-be areas. In particular, Camp Walker, which is connected with Apsan, is not only a foothold but connected to the core, is necessary to preserve after being transferred from the U.S. Army. In addition, assigning the Susung Bridge area of Jung-Gu and the Camp Walker area of Nam-Gu as the wind corridor areas is recommended.

• Atmosphere
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.413-421
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• 2016

Climate Analysis Seoul (CAS) which provides gridded data relevant for thermal assessment was applied to one of the urban green areas, the Seonjeongneung, in Seoul, Korea. The thermal environment in the Seonjeongneung was evaluated from the CAS simulation for the five heat-wave issued cases during the last five years (2011~2015). The CAS has been improved continuously since it was developed. An updated version with a higher resolution of the CAS simulation domain and an addition of the vegetation information was used in this study. The influence of vegetation in the Seonjeongneung is estimated through the amount of the cold air generation ($Q_{ca}$) and air temperature deviation at each grid points, which are calculated by incorporating Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis on the simulation domain and meteorological analysis with the METeorology and atmospheric PHOtochemistry mesoscale MODel (MetPhoMod) in the CAS. The average amount of the cold air generation ($Q_{ca}$) at the Seonjeongneung is about $25.5m^3m^{-2}h^{-1}$ for the whole cases, and this value is similar to the ones in a forest or a well-wooded region. The average value of the total air temperature deviation (TD) is $-2.54^{\circ}C$ at the Seonjeongneung for the five cases. However, this cooling effect of the urban green area disappeared when the region is replaced by high-rise buildings in the CAS simulation. The $Q_{ca}$ drastically decreases to about $1.1m^3m^{-2}h^{-1}$ and the average TD shows an increase of $1.14^{\circ}C$ for the same events. This result shows that the vegetation in the Seonjeongneung supposes to keep down temperature during the heat-wave issued day and the average cooling effect of the green region is $3.68^{\circ}C$ quantitatively from the TD difference of the two simulations. The cooling effect represented with the TD difference is larger than $0.3^{\circ}C$ within 200 m distance from the boundary of the Seonjeongneung. Further improvements of the thermodynamical and advection processes above the model surface are required to consider more accurate assessment of the cooling effect for the urban green area.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.135-146
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• 2017

The objective of this study is to accurately understand the spatial distribution characteristics of the main production area for the three vegetable crops such as Chinese cabbage, radish, and hot pepper. We applied the 8 landscape indices such as TA, NP, PD, LPI, LSI, PLADJ, COHESION, and CONNECT to 35 cities and counties using FRAGSTATS. In the case of main production area for Chinese cabbage, six cities and counties in Gangwon province were revealed as a relatively high degree of aggregation by cultivation parcels than other area. In addition, Gangneung city and Hongcheon county have been analyzed to be the most aggregated area in the case of radish and hot pepper, respectively. In the future, the spatial analysis method used in this study would be helpful to develop an effective regional plan of the main production area.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.625-631
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• 2010

The objective of this work was to investigate how carbon sink and sequestration of vegetation and soil in the development project area can impact the land use plan, in addition to carbon emission capacity of the development project when we conduct environmental impact assessment. Especially, we did this work for a development project of solar power plant which would be constructed in forest area. Through this work, we found that 1) the amount of carbon sink and sequestration largely decreased due to reduction of the green area, 2) in terms of carbon sink and sequestration, conservation of natural green area is better than construction of newly vegetated area, 3) biochar application into soil can become an alternative for increase of carbon sink, and 4) even though a solar power production does hugely reduce carbon emissions and offset the carbon sink and sequestration capacity from the forest, it is necessary to consider the public value of the forest(reduction of heat island, habitat etc.) in siting for development area.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.77-84
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• 2007

This study aims to analyze temporal variation of rural tourist potential in village level. In order to analyze the temporal variation, this study applied a green-tourism potential evaluation model(GPEM) to a study area, Namilmyun with 18 villages, which located on county of Kumsan, province of Chungnam. GPEM consists of two factors about human resources, which is quantified by resident population of the village who will be participated in village management for green-tourism, and amenity resources, which is calculated by an evaluation table with 31 criteria and their weighting values. Data surveying for the study area was performed at August 2003 and 2006, respectively, in order to quantity the 31 evaluation criteria of GPEM. From the analysis results, the amenity resources with three sub-classes of industrial, natural, and social resources showed that the evaluation values of 2006 were increased in more than those of 2003, displaying the increase rate of ranging from 108% to 112% in the three sub-classes, except of one village in social resources and three village in natural resources with reduction. In human resources, the evaluation values of 2006 were highly increased more than those of 2003, showing the rate of 556% in the gradient of linear regression line. In green tourism potential in each village, the evaluation results for two time series showed that the potential is increased by time, which the increase rate of the potential is 114%. Ultimately, the results of this study enable us to realize that the green-tourism potential in each village over time is increased, for example, due to developing new facilities in the village by investment of government and participating in rural tourism by resident people over time. From the analysis and results, the methodology of this study can be applied to analyze the temporal variation of the potential for villages having investment from government.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.33 no.6 s.113
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• pp.78-89
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• 2006

This study was conducted to analyze the planting structure and ecological characteristics of greon spaces on the grounds of e Dangjin steam power plant. To achieve these goals, we surveyed existing vegetation, plant community structure, Plant volume and growth rate. Based on e vegetation analysis, existing vegetation was classified into six types: herbaceous species $(70.54\%)$, evergreen coniferous trees $(21.17\%)$, deciduous broad-leaved trees $(5.10\%)$, deciduous coniferous trees $(1.47\%)$, shrubs $(0.12\%)$, and other types $(1.59\%)$. The coal storage, office, and playground areas were community is the natural forest area where a Pinus thunbergii / Pinus densiflora community is distributed in terms of vegetation structure, species diversity, plant volume, and growth rate. The artificial green spaces(near the coal storage, office, playground areas) had a single-layer structure. Species diversity indices of the artificial green areas were $0.1655\~0.4807$ compared to 0.8628 in the natural forest, which presented a good growth environment. Also, the plant volume in the artificial green space was lower than that of the natural green space. Therefore, it would be desirable to develope a multi-layer structure similar to that of the vegetation in the natural green space in order to improve the amount of plant volume. The plant-damage ratio of Pinus thunbergii was $52.48\%$ in the coal storage area, and $8.48\~ 11.52\%$, in the other survey areas. Also, the vitality of Pinus thunbergii was $15.45k{\Omega}$ in the coal storage areas, which indicates bad growing conditions. This suggests that soil characteristics and dust have a bad impact on growth. The investigation into deciduous tres' growth status showed that appropriate plants would be Albizzia julibrissin, Acer palmatum var. sanguineum, Acer palmatum, Malus spp., Prunus sargentii.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.61-72
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• 2019

With the diversification of research using UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle)s, the possibility of remote sensing research for urban green spaces is increasing. UAVs can be used as an investigation method to monitor the successful construction of the park and the planting of vegetation since its creation. This study was carried out to investigate UAVs utilization of urban green space monitoring in Dosol Square. It was photographed three times on May 21, July 13, and September 16, 2018 using DJI Phantom3 pro, Inspire2, and Parrot Sequoia multispectral camera. Orthographic images were overlaid on the planting plan of the site and the construction results were checked, the change of vitality of the plantation area was analyzed by NDVI(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and SAVI(Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index). As a result, it was confirmed that the UAVs are very effective for surveying the view of the urban green space after the construction and recording the results, which can be grasped quantitatively by overlaying the planting plan map. UAVs are more likely to be used in terms of monitoring vegetation vitality. It is interpreted that SAVI is better than NDVI in the green space just after composition. Chionanthus retusus and Pinus strobus were analyzed for their low level of vitality, and partially damaged and their vitality was lowered. In addition, there was difficulty in grass planting area and flower garden due to drainage and summer drought problems. In the future, it is expected that orthoimage and multispectral data using UAVs will be useful in the early vegetation monitoring and management field of urban green spaces.