• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.271-274
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• 2010

Adult worms of Parvatrema spp. (Digenea: Gymnophallidae) were found in the intestines of 2 species of migratory birds, i.e., a great knot, Calidris tenuirostris, and 2 Mongolian plovers, Charadrius mongolus, in the coastal area of Gunsan-si, Jeollabuk-do in October 2009. The recovered Parvatrema worms were 79 in total number and composed of 2 species. The worms from a great knot were $289{\mu}m$ in length with the oral and ventral sucker ratio of 2:1. They had a single vitellarium, and their intrauterine eggs were $25.0{\times}17.5{\mu}m$ in size. These findings were compatible with P. duboisi (Dollfus, 1923) Bartoli, 1974 (syn. P. timondavidi Bartoli, 1963). The worms recovered from the Mongolian plovers were smaller in length than P. duboisi and had 2 vitellaria. The oral and ventral sucker ratio was 2.5 : 1, and the eggs were $17.5{\times}8.8{\mu}m$ in size. These worms were assigned to be P. homoeotecnum James, 1964. This is the first report on the natural final hosts of Parvatrema spp. in Korea.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.51-62
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• 2019

A great variable response was observed when PP-3 and PP-J encumbered with 116 populations of root knot nematode (RKN) at two different temperatures ($25{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ and $30{\pm}2^{\circ}C$) and concentrations ($10^4$ and $10^5$ spores/ml). The PCR reaction amplified intergenic region between cytochrome oxidase subunit II gene (COII) and large subunit of rRNA gene (lrRNA) of the mitochondrial genome of different RKN species. The primer C2F3 and 1108 identified M. incognita with the highest frequency (52.6%) followed by M. javanica (36.8%) and M. arenaria (10.5%). The sizes of PCR products were 1.7 kb for M. incognita and M. javanica populations while populations of M. arenaria produced 1.1 kb fragment. The digestion with Hinf I yielded three different fragment length patterns on 1.5 % agarose gel. From current research it is concluded that intra-Meloidogyne genetic variability exist in RKN populations which have better encumbrance with P. penetrans.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.3 no.3 s.8
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• pp.58-64
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• 1999

This paper has been analyzed for the stress behavior problems of the ring knot membrane unit using the finite element method about the pitch design of the membrane unit, which is one of the most important parameters in manufacturing of the membrane type LNG storage tanks. The FEM results have been compared those of the existing pitch design length. The safety problem of the ring knot membrane model, which is considered in this study, does not come out any more no matter what the pitch length is used in the extra large LNG storage tanks. But in the case of the membrane for LNG tankers, it is advantageous to design the pitch short because of fatigue strength caused by repeated loadings. Looking at the deformation behaviors of the membrane corrugation, the deformation of the hight in the y direction occurs $15{\~}50\%$ more than that of the width in the z direction. It shows also that the deformation of the membrane with $-162^{\circ}C$ cryogenic temperature is not so great compared with the deformation by hydrostatic pressure.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.22-27
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• 1999

While the conventional end-to-end anastomotic technique is accepted as 'the golden standard' for microvascular anastomosis, it is time-consuming and tedious. In an effort to offer faster and safer ways of performing microvascular anastomoses, numerous anastomotic techniques have been proposed, but further refinements in microvascular techniques are still necessary. A 'continuous suture with interrupted knot' technique was devised for faster and safer anastomosis. It has been successfully used in microanastomoses of both artery and vein for free tissue transfer. It is a combination of the interrupted suturing technique and the continuous suturing technique. First, a continuous suture is made with the size of loop decreasing in order, and then the sutures are tied individually from the first loop to the last one as in the conventional interrupted suturing technique. It was applied clinically to fourteen patients over the past ten months and found to be a highly efficient technique that satisfied our needs. This 'continuous suture with interrupted knot' technique has several advantages over other techniques : The operative time is reduced comparing conventional interrupted suture technique. By delaying the tie and with the vessel walls kept separated, the risk of through-stitch can be reduced. Tying all the sutures at one time not only speed up the procedures, but also reduced the surgeon's fatigue. In addition, it has no problem of anastomotic stenosis which is a disadvantage of continuous suture technique. This technique proved to be faster and safer, and has patency equal to that of the conventional end-to-end anastomosis. It is of great help to the surgeon in reducing operative time, especially in clinical situations when many anastomoses are required, or lengthy grafting procedures are undertaken.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.596-606
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• 2021

Soil-borne diseases are the major problems in mono cropping. A mixture (designated LTM-m) composed of agricultural wastes and a beneficial microorganism Streptomyces saraceticus SS31 was used as soil amendments to evaluate its efficacy for managing Rhizoctonia solani and root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita). In vitro antagonistic assays revealed that SS31 spore suspensions and culture broths effectively suppressed the growth of R. solani, reduced nematode egg hatching, and increased juvenile mortality. Assays using two Petri dishes revealed that LTM-m produced volatile compounds to inhibit the growth of R. solani and cause mortality to the root knot nematode eggs and juveniles. Pot and greenhouse tests showed that application of 0.08% LTM-m could achieve a great reduction of both diseases and significantly increase plant fresh weight. Greenhouse trials revealed that application of LTM-m could change soil properties, including soil pH value, electric conductivity, and soil organic matter. Our results indicate that application of LTM-m bio-organic amendments could effectively manage soil-borne pathogens.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.243-250
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• 1998

In parametric surface interpolation, the choice of the parameter values to the set of scattered points makes a great deal of difference in the resulting surface. A new method is developed and tested for the parametrization in NURBS surface global interpolation. This method uses the parameter value at the maximal value of relevant rational basis function, to assign the parameter values to the arbitrary set of design data. This method gives us several important advantages in geometric modeling, the freedom of the selection of knot values, the feasible transformation of the data set to the matrix, the possibility of affinite transformation between the design data and generated surface, etc.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.188-195
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• 2010

This study has been focused on the evaluation of domestic softwood timbers to replace imported timbers for woodcrafts and furniture-making. Figures on radial and tangential sections were observed with naked eyes. As the result of study on the figures appeared on the wood surface of 6 species of trees, flat grain and edge grain were clearly found from Taxus cuspidata. Juniperus chinensis and Ginkgo biloba had wavy grain figure and pigment figure, and blister figure was found in Pinus densiflora, Larix kaempferi showed pitch streak and irregular figures on its tangential section due to growth abnormalities. Wavy grain figure appeared weakly on near knot of Pinus koraiensis. The characteristic figures shown from each species of trees are expected to be used for crafts, sculptures, furniture, and interior decoration. They are also considered to have great potential to substitute imported timber sufficiently, which are currently used a lot for wood crafts and furniture-making.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.250-258
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• 2001

The objective of this study was to trace and to identify the meaning of jeobli接籬. This word is found as one of the early costume terminologies of China. later the jeobli was introduced to Koguryo. The jeobli of China and Koguryo were included in this study. Sources of information for this research were collected from the written records including visual information from ancient paintings and tumb paintings as well as figurins. The results of important findings and conclusions of this study can be summerized as follows: It was found that the jeobli 接籬 was synonymous with the cheobli 睫離. Also it appeared that it was called baikrosa. It revealed that the word jeobli had different meanings. first, ti was the name of a white hat which was worn by the people of Chin dynasty. It was a white felt hat made of white great plumes and feathers. Second, it was a dialect for maqna, a kind of a veil which was worn by the women of the Northern dynasty. That, it meant the chaikkun, a kind of knot coverings. The jeobli, a kind of a white felt hat, was also used by the people of Koguryo. The jeobli of Koguryo was made of the pig hair from Malgal. It is considered that he shape of this white hat seems to be a kind of conical hat. Also, it was fond that the jeobli as the meaning of chaik kun was worn by the people of Kogure. it was a small white square hat. It was worn by the nobles.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.237-242
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• 2012

Purpose: Despite the great advances in laparoscopic techniques, most active general surgeons do not apply laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of duodenal ulcer perforation when facing a real-life emergency. Therefore, our study was designed to evaluate the feasibility of laparoscopic surgery in duodenal ulcer perforation, and provide a step-by-step protocol with tips and recommendations for less experienced surgeons. Materials and Methods: Between March, 2011 and May, 2012, 21 patients presenting with duodenal ulcer perforation underwent laparoscopic primary repair with omentopexy. There were no contraindications to perform laparoscopic surgery, and the choice of primary repair was decided according to the size of the perforation. The procedure for laparoscopic primary repair with omentopexy consisted of peritoneal lavage, primary suture, and omentopexy using a knot pusher. Results: During the operation, no conversion to open surgery or intra-operative events occurred. The median operation time was 45.0 minutes (20~80 minutes). Median day of commencement of a soft diet was day 6 (4~17 days). After surgery, the median hospital stay was 8.0 days (5~27 days). Postoperative complications occurred in one patient, which included a minor leakage. This complication was resolved by conservative management. Conclusions: Although our study was carried out on a small number of patients at a single institution, we conclude that laparoscopic primary repair can be an effective surgical method in the treatment of duodenal ulcer perforation. We believe that the detailed explanation of our procedure will help beginners to perform laparoscopic primary repair more easily.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.115-121
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• 2002

Yubu Island is located within the estuary of the Geum River, South Chungcheong Province $(35^{\circ}59'N,\;126^{\circ}36'E)$, Korea. The island is surrounded by a broad and sandy mudflat, which is typical in the west coast of Korea, and is located 4km off from Gunsan City. Less than 100 humans live on the island, occupying 30 houses. After we discovered that this island was a very important waterbird habitat especially for the East Asian subspecies of the Eurasian oystercatcher, Haematopus ostralegus osculans. Waterbirds were monitored once every month from August 1999 to July 2000. The highest number of oystercatchers counted was 3,200 in December 1999, and the birds seemed to remain in the area continuously from September to next February. About 200 breeding and non-breeding birds remained during the breeding season. In August, early migrants returned to the island, with the number reaching 1,060 individuals. This island is also very important for other waterbirds. Endangered or significant species occurring at this site, and their maximum counts were: chinese egret Egretta eulophotes (5), black-faced spoonbill Platalea minor (17), brant Branta bernicla (1), common shelduck Tadorna tadorna (8,000), hooded crane Grus monacha (2), spoon-billed sandpiper Ewynorhynchus pygmeus (7), dunlin Calidris alpina (6,500), great knot Calidris tenuirostris (24,000), far eastern curlew Numenius madagascariensis (2,500), spotted greenshank Tringa guttifer (4) and Saunders's gull Larus saundersi (1,200). During the 12 month survey period, we observed 52 waterbird species and the total of the maximum counts for the separate species was 73,308, implying that perhaps 150,000 birds could be using the immediate area, if a turnover rate of 2 was assumed.