• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.1116-1135
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• 2018

Objective: This study was performed to research Korean medical treatment methods for hyperthyroidism by summarizing domestic clinical studies. Methods: The study was based on 14 papers published in Korea since 2000, on Korean medicine treatments for hyperthyroidism. Papers were searched on four domestic electronic databases. Results: 1. This paper analyzed 14 studies on the subject of clinical research on hyperthyroidism in Korea. 12 of them reported cases while two of them reported on clinical research. 2. The average age of the subjects was 39 years, 71.3% of women, 20-60 years of age accounted for 92%, and the average duration of disease was 22 months. 3. Of the 115 subjects, 102 had experienced Western medical treatment. So most of them chose Western medical treatment as the first treatment method, of which 24 experienced side effects. 4. Eumhuhwadong (陰虛火動) and Gieumyanghu (氣陰兩虛) appeared 3 times respectively. 5. The Korean herbal medicine, Ahnjeonbaekho-tang was the most frequent herbal medicine used to treat hyperthyroidism, with the next most frequent being Yanggyuksanhwa-tang. 6. The study, which was performed using herbal medicine alone, showed a marked improvement in clinical symptoms and thyroid function test, compared with administration of antithyroid drugs and herbal medicines. Conclusions: Large-scale studies and randomized controlled trials will be needed to evaluate the validity of Korean medical treatment for hyperthyroidism.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.203-213
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• 2023

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report the symptomatic relief effect of a herbal prescription combined with methimazole for hyperthyroidism caused by Graves' disease. Methods : After diagnosis of hyperthyroidism, methimazole was initially administered alone. As the clinical symptoms continued, a herbal medicine combining Gamiondam-tang and Cheongsimyeonja-eum was administered together with methimazole. Blood concentrations of hormones were measured, and the degree of clinical symptoms was measured using the NRS scale. The effect of herbal medicine on heat intolerance was analyzed by Wilcoxon rank sum test, and the relationship between thyroid hormone and heat intolerance was analyzed by Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results : Heat intolerance symptoms were significantly reduced when the herbal prescription was administered in parallel than when methimazole was administered alone (w=296, p=0.001). The decrease in heat intolerance was not related to thyroid hormone levels (p=0.27, 0.37). Conclusions : It was found that the herbal medicine combining Gamiondam-tang and Cheongsimyeonja-eum was effective in treating hyperthyroidism symptoms including heat intolerance.

• Iberoamérica
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.55-86
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• 2010

Después de la década 1990, la soja ha sido un agro-producto más importante en Paraguay. Pero la soja ha convertido el campo rural en la zona de la producción, es decir, la zona de sojización, para la exportación. Por otro lado, el campo rural se ha deteriorado por el aumento de la extensión del cultivo sojal. Los cultivos se extienden a lo largo de cientos de kilómetrios y afectan zonas muy cercanas a comunidades, colonias y otros asentamientos campesionos e indígenas, incluyendo escuelas, hogares, charcas familiares y comunitarias. Los sojeros utilizaron los agrotóxicos que contaminaron la tierra, agua y alimentos. Aunque los campesinos no quieren vender sus tierras, no ven otras alternativas ante los graves problemas que conllevan las masivas fumigaciones. Ellos venden sus lotes y migraron a ciudades. Se pierde la soberanía territorial, pues las tierras pasan a manos extranjeras, y la soberanía alimentaria, porque se desplaza la diversificación y los cultivos de subsistencia, expulsando a los campesions hacia las ciudades. Ante el agravamiento de la situación causado por el incremento del cultivo de la soja, los campesinos empezaron a resistir, es decir, desarrollar 'la guerra de la soja' contra los sojeros y el gobierno paraguayo que no tenia refuerzos de resolver los problemas. Los campesinos formaron coordinadoras por la defensa de sus tierras y de su modo de vida contra los sojeros. Las luchas y movilizaciones reclaman no sólo un nuevo tipo de reforma agraria sino también la defensa de la soberanía económica, alimentaria y territorial, el derecho a producir con la propia semilla y a desarrollar técnicas agrícolas adecuadas de acuerdo con la economía campesina y el equilibrio del medio ambiente, el desarrollo de formas sociales de producción y la democratización en el medio rural.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.18
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• pp.149-164
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• 2004

Various social surveys conducted by mass media and government agencies in recent years in Japan suggest that the percentage of those who believe in religion are between twenty and thirty percent. However, more than seventy percent of Japanese visit Shinto shrines or Buddhist temples during the New year period. Although there are varying interpretations on whether Japanese people are religious or not, detailed research shows the existence of certain religious tendencies among Japanese. I base my estimates on research surveys of college students covering a period of almost ten years. It is helpful for understanding the religiosity of the Japanese to differentiate between "clear-cut religion" and "peripheral religious phenomena." The exact boundary between these two categories, however, is difficult to clearly demarcate. "Clear-cut religion" refers here phenomena which are directly related to established religious organizations such as shrine Shinto, Buddhist sects, or Christianity. "Peripheral religious phenomena" covers such phenomena as fortune telling, mystical phenomena, religious customs and similar matters. It is often said that the younger generations are less concerned with religion. Our seven surveys questioning several thousand college students, conducted between 1995 and 2001, show that only between six and seven percent of the students state that they believe in religion. Additionally, the extent of negative attitudes toward religion quite remarkable. On the other hand, students who take part in conventional ritual such as a New year's visit to a shrine or temple and visiting the graves of ancestors amount to about fifty percentage. In spite of the prevailing negative attitude toward religious groups, these students have apparently kept a certain level of interest in religious customs. Moreover, they show a relatively strong interest in fortune telling, mystical phenomena, or supernatural phenomena. The exact degree of a positive attitude toward peripheral religious phenomena differs according to the level of being informed on these matters. As a whole, they largely rely on information gained from their families and local communities. Therefore, we can conclude that there is a degree of transmission of religious culture among younger generations.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.81 no.2
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• pp.191-199
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• 1992

This study was conducted to identify fungi causing canker dieback and melanconis disease of walnut trees (Juglans sinensis Dode) in Korea and clarify the pathogenicity and factors affecting the growth of these fungi. The causal fungi isolated from infected walnut stems and branches obtained from the commercial walnut orchards in Cheonwon, Goesan, Youngdong were identified as Botryosphaeria dothidea (Moug, ex Fries) Casati et de Notaris, Phoniopsis albobestita Fairman, Melanconis juglandis (Ellis et Everhart) Graves and their pathogenicity was confirmed by inoculation test. Temperature range for minimum growth of three fungi was 8 to $35^{\circ}C$ and the optimum temperature for mycelial growth of B. dothidea and P. albobestita ranged from 25 to $30^{\circ}C$, while the optimum temperature for M. juglandis ranged from 20 to $25^{\circ}C$. The optimum pH range for mycelial growth of P. albobestita was 4.0~5.0 and that for B. dothidea and P. juglandis 4.0~8.0. Glucose, sucrose, starch or maltose, as a carbon source, and histidine or potassium nitrate as a nitrogen source were more suitable compounds for growth. of B, dothidea, P. albobestita grew very well on the medium containing alanine and potassium nitrate as a nitrogen source, and utilized well glucose and sucrose as a carbon source. M. juglandis grew well on the medium containing glucose, and sucrose as a carbon source and utilized well potassium nitrate as a nitrogen source. The dieback and twig blight caused by P. albobestita were more severe than those by B. dothidea and M. juglandis at three locations investigated. Incidences of canker and dieback were more frequently observed in aged walnut trees than in young ones.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.175-180
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• 2009

Purpose: Detection of TSH-binding inhibitor immunoglobulin (TBII) in patients with hyperthyroidism is an important result of Graves' disease (GD) and hyperthyroidism treatment. This has been made out an inspection by commercial radio-receptor assays. To increase the sensitivity and the specificity of the assay, many results of the assay were reported. In this study we evaluated the clinical usetulness of TBII assays by the Comparative method. Material and Methods: We were measured by using healthy control group (n=30, male=20, female=10) of Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center from January to March in 2009. Similarly, We were measured by using hyperthyroid (TSH<$0.05\;{\mu}IU/mL$, FT4>1.80 ng/dL) experimental group (n=58, male=14, female=44) of division of endocrinology and metabolism department of internal medicine Seoul National University Hospital from January to March in 2009. We made a comparative study of each two assays from the first generation to the third generation. We were used of TSAb assay as a measurement of GD diagnostic technique. Results: The specificity of healthy control group was 100% according to the generation. (Specificity=100%, n=30) The sensitivity of hyperthyroid experimental group were the first generation RSR<%> (79.3%, n=58), RSR (51.7%, n=58), the second generation RSR-CT (93.1%, n=58), BRAHMSCT (98.3%, n=58), the third generation ELISA (94.6%, n=56), ECLIA (97.7%, n=58) and TS-Ab<%> (93.5%, n=46). Conclusion: We were used of TSAb assay as a measurement of GD diagnostic technique, The result of data showed a high correlation between the third generation TBII assay and the second generation TBII assay ($R^2$=0.923). Instead of the first generation assay, the second generation assay can be more useful in clincal diagnosis.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.111-121
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• 2005

The appearance of digital culture swiftly has changed the culture in domestic and international arenas before and after the year 2004 and the image and animation have become two of the most important expression media in contemporary age. Among the Japanese animations that have demonstrated the rapid development of cartoon and animation in the world, the director Dakahata Isao's 'Graves of the Fireflies' that has influenced many works has been evaluated as one of the noticeable works that has a unique method and scenario dramatization in terms of producing the original novel into an animation. This study investigates the metaphor and symbolism shown in this work according to each sequence, divides the production ability in the work into three elements and applies them to the important elements such as camera, colors and mise-en-scene when the original work is depicted into image. It can be summarized in more detail as in the following: firstly, I study the rhythm of camera corresponding to the symbolism of the angle that the camera has and production; secondly, I analyze the artistic elements appeared in the process of expressing the original work into the image, especially the production for the colors and symbolism contained in them and the composition of screen. Thirdly, I analyze how effectively the atmosphere for the situations for the original work is expressed in animation with the aid of one of the image elements, mis-en-scene. It is expected that the analyzed findings will be effective as a way of overcoming the limitation of expressions that the original work in text and the study on these processes will become good examples to the relevant workers and will be the good references to the producers who are interested in the creation of animation in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.21-40
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• 1980

In order to take cue of the dying persons and their survivors in a more positive and affirmative atti-tube. and to understand the valuable meaning of and dying. a survey was performed to 550 cases of health care personnels including 116 nursing students. 238 medical students. 137 nurses. and 59 doctors. Samplings were made through census Procedure from the entire group of medical and nursing students in College of Medicine. Chung-Ang University. and of licenced nurses and doctors in Chung-Ang University Hospital. and in Han-Gang Sacred Heart Hospital from the first to the end of march. 1980. These collected data were computerized at KIST by SPSS programming and were statistically analyzed by chi-square test. Through content analysis of the word associated with death and descriptive analysis of the death-re-lated variables. the following conclusion in is reached. First. Total numbers of death-word percieved by health care personnels were 198 kinds. Among them, 40 kinds of words associated with death were responded from than 1% of the total. As to the 10 death related word responded by free word association method. it was revealed that individual average number of death related word was 7.70 word. which came from higher number of words in the senior students (8.96 word) or the graduates (8.10 word) compared with the freshman (6.84 word). Second. In Content specific analysis of the death related word. more frequently perceived types summarized as the following order; the affective context of death. the diseases. the disasters. the religion, the funeral ceremonies. the separation, the drakness. and the life. Third. The most prevalent 10 words associated with death which the the respondents gave response to the the first recalling word. were as following o order； the dieases. the sadness, the vanity. the darkness, the frustration. the suicide. the incurable dieases, the graves. the dead. and the catastrophes. By sex, the diease is outstanding in females, but the vanity is in males. By occupation. the vanity and the dead was frequently observed in student group including senior students. while the incurable dieases presented by doctors. Fourth. In health care personnels. the first perceived ages of death were 11.47 $\pm$3.33 years (8.14- 15.80 years). Among them. senior students were inclined to percept death at the earliest age of life (11.28years). while doctors and nurses perceived death later in their life (12.98 years). Fifth, It is revealed in this survey that the most frequently responded death perceiving motives by health care personnels ar“psychological conflict”and“death of those around them”. Death perceiving motives can be classified in two factors; personality and life circumstances. Sixth It is of interest that only 11.3% health care personnels was found to feel death as inevitable or acceptable event. whereas 58.3% deny or reject it.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.61-67
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• 2011

Purpose: Lawn trimmers are widely used to cut the weeds around graves in South Korea, but they can cause ocular injury. We investigate at the emergency room the incidence and the clinical features of ocular trauma induced by lawn trimmers. Methods:The authors analyzed 106 patients who visited Konyang University Hospital's emergency room from March 1, 2007, to October 31, 2011, because of ocular trauma caused by a lawn trimmer. Patients were sorted into two groups, severe ocular injury and mild ocular injury. Results: Over a 5-year period, 106 patients with ocular trauma caused by a lawn trimmer underwent clinical study. Most of the patient (103 patients) were males, and the average age of the patients was $51.75{\pm}11.66$ years. The incidence of ocular trauma peaked in the sixth decade of life. Most injuries occurred between July and September. Severe ocular injury developed in 46.2% of all patients. As age increased, so did the severity of the ocular injury. The impacting object was a small stone in 43.4% of all patients. Nobody wore protective gear. The most common diagnosis were corneal abrasion, followed by intraocular foreign body, corneal laceration, and sclera laceration. Fifty-four patients were followed up, and thirty-six patients of them had severe injury. The most common complication was a traumatic cataract. Conclusion: Ocular trauma induced by a lawn trimmer is more severe than general ocular trauma. We suggest that everyone using a lawn trimmer should wear protective gear and follow safety guidelines.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.40-54
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• 2017

The mound grave of Korean traditional funeral culture is a unique habitat which is a Zoysiagrass lawn being sustainable in proper management. We phytosociologically described an unusual Zoysiagrass vegetation with Gueldenstaedtia verna by the Zürich-Montpellier School's method and analyzed eco-floristic characteristics. A new association, Gueldenstaedtio-Zoysietum japonicae ass. nov. hoc loco, was identified and subdivided into festucetosum ovinae, typicum, and trifolietosum repensae. The subassociations were distinguished by the difference in species composition resulting from site accessibility and lawn management method. The association was assigned as not only a regional but also a locally-limited vegetation type, which distributes on a particular microhabitat with strong continentality in the Daegu regional subdistrict of Bioclimatological division. The Zoysiagrass vegetation of Korea was considered as a continental type apparently different from the oceanic type of Zoysion japonicae (Miscanthetea sinensis, Caricetalia nervatae). Mound graves in Korea should be acknowledged as a meaningful habitat for the in-situ conservation of biodiversity and phytocoenosen, despite being a secondary grassland of Gueldenstaedtio-Zoysietum japonicae.