• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.25-46
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• 2012

When performing a monotonous task, one often experiences an urge to quit. This urge may vary depending on how long one has performed the task (a temporal factor) and on which particular component of the task one is carrying out (an event-based factor). Using the Stroop task and a working memory task, we examined changes in the urge to quit as a function of basic temporal (repetition) and event-based (cognitive conflict) factors. Consistent with the law of least work and recent theorizing, for the memory task, urges to quit were greater following difficult trials; for the Stroop task, urges to quit were greater following incongruent than congruent trials, but only during early/novice phases of performance, when responding is inefficient. This is a demonstration of an avoidance response toward cognitive conflict. Regarding temporal sources of quitting, urges to quit were greater for late task stages than early stages. These basic findings may illuminate the nature of the more 'hot' motivational struggles involving the delay of gratification.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.534-546
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the preference, use motivation about TV food program, and look into the relationship between these variables and tendency of eating alone, interest for food and empathy. The results of this study showed that five factors of motivation were extracted: ASMR pleasure, visual pleasure, emotional vicarious gratification, information seeking and time-spending. The interest for food effects all of five motivation. Tendency of eating alone had no effect on use motivation. The higher the motivation for visual pleasure, the more preference for mukbang entertainment show, TV food drama, internet mukbang. The higher the motivation for ASMR pleasure, the more preference for TV food drama and internet mukbang. As for high tendency of eating alone, preference for cookbang show and TV food drama was high. People with low empathy showed the preference for TV food drama.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.454-464
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• 2015

In this study, we examined the motivations of using Kakaotalk's gift that is one of services provided by Kakaotalk, the most popular mobile-based messenger. We also investigated possible effects of these motivations on the satisfaction of the Kakaotalk's service and a potential association of these motivations with the frequency of purchasing gifts using the service. In order to answer the research questions, we conducted a survey that recruited 220 users ranging from teenagers to in forties. As the main results of analysis, we identified four different types of user's motivations for Kakaotalk's gift: beneficial motivation, convenient motivation, improvised buying motivation, and entertaining motivation. Both the beneficial motivation and the entertaining motivation were significantly associated with the gratification of using Kakaotalk's gift, which was in turn significantly associated with the frequency of purchasing gifts through the service.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.13-21
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• 2007

Golf has emerged as one of the key leisure activities in Korea. This study examines the characteristics of golf consumption typology. A total of 256 questionnaires were collected from membership and public golf courses in the Incheon and Gyeonggi district. This study explores user satisfaction with and service at the golf course. The results of this research show that there are primary factors in user satisfaction regarding course facility, scores and operational services. Detail responses regarding these golf courses prove that the whole of the golf course, satisfaction with the course layout, landscaping and user gratification with the golf facilities are influenced by contentment with the management of the golf course. Satisfaction with scores were correlated with user contentment with the golf course. Detailed factors regarding operational services cited such aspects as ease of reservations, staff and tee time, all factors related to the smooth arrangements and progress that are influenced by operational services. This research was more concerned with course design and facility operations than marketing operations, which can satisfy users through investment in variety and expansion of the course facilities. Satisfaction in these areas is correlated to revisits and recommendations to others. The types of membership and public golf courses face difficulty in development, operation, and facilities maintenance, among other features. This paper will help separate out each quality in order to formulate difference stratagems for marketing and operation tactics in the future.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.83-112
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• 1987

This study examined the characteristics of the relationship of home environment variables and children's intellectual ability. Two studies were conducted: Study I examined the predictability of home environment variables for children's intellectual ability by children's age and the correlations between environment variables and children's intellectual ability. Study II investigated causal relationships among the variables which are supposed to affect children's intellectual ability. The subjects of this study were 240 children at age four, six and eight attending nursery schools, kindergartens and elementary schools and their mothers. Instruments included the Inventory of Home Stimulation (HOME), inventory of sociodemographic variables, and the K-Binet scale. The results obtained from this study were as follows: 1) Home environment variables had a significant positive correlation (.36 ~ .78) with children's intellectual ability. 2) The home environmental variables that significantly predicted children's intellectual ability differed according to children's age. That is, play materials, breadth of experience, and quality of language environment were predictive of children's intellectual ability at age four, while parent's education, developmental stimulation, and play materials were predictive at age six. Economic status of the home, need gratification, avoidance of restriction, and emotional climate were predictive at age eight. 3) The causal model of home environment affecting children's intellectual ability was formulated by exogenous variables (parent education and economic status of the home) and by endogenous variables (direct stimulation, indirect stimulation and the emotional climate of the home). 4) The results of the analysis of the causal model showed that the kind of variables that affected children's intellectual ability directly differed according to children's age. That is, direct stimulation and parent's education affected children's intellectual ability directly at age four and six, while the economic status of the home and indirect stimulation affected intellectual ability directly at age eight. The amount of variance that explained children's intellectual ability increased with increase in children's age.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.26
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• pp.105-134
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• 2004

This longitudinal study examines changing factors readers of online newspaper on 1999 and 2004. In terms of Users and Gratification approach, this survey explore changing what is motives of online newspaper readers, using and satisfying of online news during five years. The factor analysis of Online newspaper's reading motive statements yielded three interpretable factors: 'informativeness-convenience', 'inter-activity', 'entertainment'. First, 'informativeness-convenience' on 2004 was lower than '99 in online newspaper reading motives and satisfying, but factor of 'interactivity' and 'entertainment' measured thar 2004 was higher than '99 in chat of online newspaper. A level of reading online newspaper on 2004 is lower than '99, 'people' and 'opinion' is highest reading online newspaper item. Bur that of '99 is 'top news' and 'political news'. 'Top news', 'economics' and 'infor-mation/science' is highest satisfying level of online news item on '99, but that of order changed into 'people'. 'opinion' and 'broadcasting/enter-tainments' on 2004. In conclusion, this study shows online newspaper readers perceived interactive service and entertainment factor.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.53-66
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of family-friendly life environment factors including local community's living environment satisfaction (safety, convenience, comfort, accessibility, exchange of neighbor satisfaction), family support facility satisfaction, family support program satisfaction and nurture and education environment satisfaction, and local community's living information accessibility on the effect of multiple roles of married men and women with children. Data were collected from 380 married men and women with children located Seoul, GyeongGi-Do, ChungCheongBuk-Do, and KyungSangNam-Do. The results show that, first of all, related to general trend of role satisfaction and role strain, the subjects have higher experience of role satisfaction than role strain. Secondly, the variables of social demography, such as monthly income, non-regular full-time working system, white collar occupation, number of children and level of education, and living environment variables, such as satisfaction of living environment stability and satisfaction of neighbor exchange in living environment were significantly related to role strain. Thirdly, social demography variables, such as average monthly earnings, gender (male), non-regular part-time working system, satisfaction of stability in living environment, and satisfaction of convenience in living environment were significantly related to role strain.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.223-233
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• 2019

This study aimed to explore YouTube subscribers' uses and gratification through PLS path modeling. Especially, we identified the types of use motives grounded on ritualized (MR) and instrumental (MI) use motives; and then showed two motives have an effect on satisfaction directly and indirectly through mediating of flow. We employed PLS path modeling to analyze structural causalities among the constructs. We found all of the presented hypotheses are supported respectively. Two motives (MR and MI) had an effect on flow and satisfaction. Flow also had an effect on satisfactions. Namely, satisfaction was explained directly and indirectly, through mediated with flow, by MR and MI. Finally, we presented implications of findings and suggestion for future study.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.547-562
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• 2018

As social media penetrates more deeply into people's everyday lives, social commerce (a type of commerce that combines SNS features and possibility for commercial transactions) has enjoyed unprecedented growth. Shopping on Facebook is a representative example of social commerce platform that allows consumers to interact with other users, exchange information and purchase products without leaving a Facebook page. Social commerce presents great opportunities for marketers in terms of leveraging social aspects of shopping experience. It also offers a large potential for Korean companies to reach various target markets, as well as establish their presence abroad. Yet, acceptance of social commerce as a legitimate shopping channel has been slow, and consumers are still hesitant to shop via Facebook. This study draws on uses and gratification theory and the concept of perceived risk to examine how different motives for SNS use and the associated types of perceived risks can affect the purchase intention on the platform. Empirical data from 288 young users of Facebook were analyzed. Findings identified two main motives for SNS use: information-related motive and communication-related motive. Information-related motive significantly affected the intention to shop on Facebook, whereas communication-related motive did not have any significant influence. Risks associated with shopping via Facebook included delivery risk, security risk, social risk and economic risk. Overall, consumers perceived a higher level of security and social risk associated with shopping on Facebook. However, only social risk had a significant negative influence on the purchase intention. Awareness and previous experience of buying via social commerce platform positively affected consumers' purchase intention.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.14-22
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of present study is to identify the differences between temperament and character traits among adolescents classified by ego resilience and ego control level. Methods : A Junior Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) was performed on participants, and a California Child Q-Test (CCQ) was tested for by the parents of the adolescent participants. Results : The result of the factor analysis and discriminant analysis show that the participants are classified into three different groups based on CCQ score and item response patterns. The three groups are named the ego resilience group, the undercontrolled group, and the overcontrolled group. The ego resilience group indicates that they have a high level of interest and curiosity but yet they are not easily tempered. Moreover, they behave proactively with a reasonable level of responsibility in order to improve themselves. In contrast, among the undercontrolled group, it is observed that, although the group shows even higher level of interest, curiosity and honesty, they are careless, more impulsive, and have a lack of delayed gratification and shame. Conclusions : The overcontrolled group shows that they are the most cautious and reflective group among the three but also show emotional instability such as strong criticism and passive-aggressiveness. In this study, implications and limitations are discussed.