• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.165-170
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• 1999

Asymmetric recognition of chiral alcohol by fluorenone derivatives with chiral substituents through intermolecular hydrogen bonding interaction in the singlet excited state was attempted. 1-((1S, 2R, 5S)-(+)-Menthyloxycarbonyl)aminofluoren-9-one (1-MAF) and 1-((1S, 2R, 5S)-(+)-menthyloxycarbonyl)oxyfluoren-9-one (1-MOF) were synthesized and their photophysical behaviors were characterized by the measurement of absorption and fluorescence spectra, as well as the quantum yield and the lifetime of fluorescence. The excited singlet states of 1-MAF and 1-MOF were revealed to have characteristics similar to those of fluorenone, though the intramolecular CT nature was fairly suppressed as compared with 3- and 4-substituted aminofluorenones. Fluorescences of 1-MAF and 1-MOF in acetonitrile were quenched by the addition of alcohols. Differences in fluorescence quenching efficiency were hardly observe for rather small chiral alcohols such as (R)-(-)- or (S)-(+)-2-butanol, while bulky alcohols such as menthol and isopinocampheol showed chiral recognition effects in their fluorescence quenching of 1-MAF in either acetonitrile or butyronitrile.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.631-638
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• 2003

Yaw-checking and course-keeping ability in IMO's ship manoeuvrability standards are reviewed from the viewpoint of safe navigation. Three kinds of virtual series-ships, which have different course instability, are taken as test models. The numerical simulation on Z-test is carried out in order to examine the correlation between known manoeuvrability in spiral characteristics and various kinds of overshoot angle. Then simulator experiments are executed with series-ships in a curved, narrow waterway by six operators(five active pilots and one ex-captain) in order to examine the correlation between known manoeuvrability and degree of manoeuvring difficulty. IMC criteria for yaw-checking and course-keeping ability are discussed and revised criteria are proposed.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.8-13
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• 2012

The Engineering school of Tohoku University has been offering a Team-based Engineering Design Course to its first year students since 1996 in order to increase the level of both motivation and interest in engineering. Freshmen are required to select one of approximately 150 topics and do some research on this topic. This course also provides opportunities for students to participate in exchange programs with the University of Washington (UW) and the University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB). In the Tohoku-UW exchange program, which began in 1999, between 10 and 25 students of Tohoku visit the UW annually to present the results of the subjects the school has appointed in advance in the Team-based Engineering Design Course. In the Tohoku-USTB exchange program, which began in 2007, about 15 students from each university participate in a one day meeting organized by the students themselves. They give a presentation on either the results of the subject they selected in the course, or on an engineering related topic both groups have agreed to in advance. In this paper, a detailed history, the objectives, a schedule and the budget in these unique exchange programs is introduced together with an outline of the course and its contribution to the engineering design education.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.64-71
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• 2018

Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine the correlation of antibiotics administration duration and antimicrobial resistance by reviewing domestic and foreign literatures. Methods We searched literatures dated up to 23 February, 2018 in PubMed and Cochrane Library using terms of "Anti-Bacterial Agents", "Carrier State", "Nasopharynx", "Drug Administration Schedule", and also searched via RISS (Research Information Service System), KISS (Koreanstudies Information Service System), DBpia (DataBase Periodical Information Academic) using terms of antibiotics, resistance, and dose. Results In comparison with shortened and standard antibiotic course, longer treatment duration is associated with greater antimicrobial resistance or non-significant difference, but we cannot find literature that shortened antibiotic course increases antimicrobial resistance on human nasopharyngeal flora. Conclusions Currently, there is no evidence that completing the standard antibiotic course reduces antimicrobial resistance. It can be a strategy for reducing antibiotic use to apply Korean medicine treatment, as well as short-course antibiotic therapy or delayed antibiotic prescription. Additional well-designed trials should be conducted in domestic and foreign settings about the appropriate duration of antibiotic therapy.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2000.10b
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• pp.1227-1230
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• 2000

본 연구는 서로 다른 형식(format)으로 작성된 무선인터넷 문서들간의 상호 변환(reformatting)을 다루고 있다. 무선인터넷에 접속하는 단말기는 보통 하나의 형식만을 지원하는데 비해서, 무선인터넷 문서를 작성하는데 필요한 마크업 언어(markup language)로는 WML, HDML, mHTML 등 다양한 형식들이 존재하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서 지식 기반 시스템(knowledge based system)과 XML(extensible Markup Language)을 이용하는 문서 형식 변환 기술을 제공하여, 무선인터넷 컨텐츠 구축시 특정 형식에 구애받지 않도록 하였다.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.57-75
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• 2007

This small-scale research project attempts to describe and explore the Korean students' perspectives on oral classroom interaction in a second language classroom in a graduate course in America. Based on the interpretist paradigm, this study employed the qualitative research methodology, triangulating the following methods: class observation, interviews, and document analysis. The findings are that the Korean participants perceived the importance of oral classroom interaction in an American classroom, and that there were shared several factors which influence their participation such as socio-cultural differences, course content, English skills, course requirement, and classroom activity types. Based upon the findings, pedagogical implications are provided for the teachers to help Korean students achieve academic success in American universities.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.203-218
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• 2003

The 3 year graduate school course of the dental technician, which has been enforced since 1994 till the present date, differs from the currently existing 2 year graduate course because of an 8 weeks clinical field training course being newly executed and an imposed curriculum about manufacturing specialized prosthetics like all-ceramic, double prosthetic technology, attachment, and implant. Even though nearly 10 years have passed, the education program of the 18 colleges have still not been standardized and the subjects differing a little, while some are still not following the 3 years graduate course. The goal of this research is to emphasize the qualities of the 3 years graduate program and enable the dental technician to handle clinical models in the dental technical clinic right after graduation by adding clinical field training in the dental technician education program of the 18 colleges. Also in accordance to a national and international increase in esthetical prosthetics, credits, weekly study hours, education practice time of specialized prosthetic dental technology can be analyzed as follows. 1. In the year 2003, currently colleges start clinical practice education starting from the 1st semester of the 2nd year junior year, to the 2nd semester of 3rd year the varying in time with adequate class time, and credits. The average credit is 9.56, and weekly average class time is 18.00 hours. later clinical trainee education will be adjusted to the 3 year graduate school course to 10 credits and 20 hours and the adequate education period should be the 2nd semester of 3rd grade when most basic clinical education has been covered. 2. Currently in the year 2003, all-ceramic education has an average credit of 8.01 in 17 colleges with an exception of Ma-san college. The weekly average theoretical education is 4.94 hours, weekly clinical education of 7.88 hours and currently in 14 colleges porcelain technical class usually starts in the 1st semester of the 2nd year. All-ceramic education is thought to have adequate credits, timing, and weekly study hours. 3. Currently in 2003 implant education is enforced in 11 colleges including Bu-san Catholic university and the education period is usually in the 3rd year. Out of the 11 colleges, only Bu-san Catholic univ., Ma-san and Shinheung college have practice training classes. We knew that Shingu, Dongu, Mokpo science colleges have practice training as a curriculum, namely specific prosthetics laboratory. Out of the 9 colleges enforcing implant education the average credits taken are 2.56, and the average hours of weekly theory education is 2.14, but with the exception of Shinheung college which has an implant practice training course theory and practice classes are not divided. Therefore implant education is thought to start in the 3rd year as a 3 credit course with 3 hours of theory and practice each. 4. Currently in 2003, theoretical attachment education is given in 15 colleges and including practical training it is given in 10 colleges. The education starts 1st semester of the 2nd year till the 2nd semester of the 3rd year. The average credit of attachment theory education in the 15 colleges was 3.64, the average weekly theoretical education was 2.64, and the average weekly practice training out of the schools teaching it was 3.20. Later attachment education is thought to start the 1st semester of the 3rd year as a 3 credit course with 2 hours of theory class and 3 hours of practice training. 5. Double prosthetic technology is currently carried out in Dae-jon Health Science college(2nd year 2nd semester, 2 credits, theory 2hours), Gimcheon college (1 credit, 2 hours of practical training), Bu-san Catholic university (4th year 2nd semester, 4 hours of theory. practice). When the 3 year course is enforced, education will start 1st semester of the 3rd year with 2hours of theory and practice each. 6. The newly installed programs of the 3 year education is clinical field training, and specialized prosthetic manufacturing practice like all-ceramic, double prosthetic technology, attachment, and implant. If such education is to be effectively managed, a primary precursor as systemic basic clinical education is thought to be important. 7. Nationally in the 18 colleges of dental technology the currently executed curriculum course had varying subjects, class time according to the subject, and credits by each college. The curriculum difference between the colleges must be settled.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.40
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• pp.32.1-32.8
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• 2018

Background: The free vascularized fibula flap presents many advantages such as sufficient length of the bony segment, good vascularization, better quality of the bone, and a long vascular pedicle, but it is also associated with some disadvantages with regard to prosthetic rehabilitation because of its limited height. Improvement in bone height is necessary for ideal dental implant treatment of reconstructed mandibles. Case presentation: For two squamous cell carcinoma patients, mandibular bone reconstruction was performed secondarily with the peroneal flap after tumor resection. Since the bone height was insufficient at the time of implant treatment, occlusion reconstruction by dental implant was performed after vertical distraction osteogenesis. Conclusions: Vertical distraction osteogenesis is a suitable treatment option for alveolar ridge deficiency resulting from fibula transplantation for mandibular reconstruction following tumor surgery.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.126-133
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• 2016

Unlike conventional T cells, innate CD8 T cells develop a memory-like phenotype in the thymus and immediately respond upon antigen stimulation, similar to memory T cells. The development of innate CD8 T cells in the thymus is known to require IL-4, which upregulates Eomesodermin (Eomes). These features are similar to that of virtual memory CD8 T cells and IL-4-induced memory-like CD8 T cells generated in the peripheral tissues. However, the relationship between these cell types has not been clearly documented. In the present study, IL-4-induced memory-like CD8 T cells generated in the peripheral tissues were compared with innate CD8 T cells in terms of phenotype and function. When an IL-4/anti-IL-4 antibody complex (IL-4C) was injected into C57BL/6 mice daily for 7 days, the Eomes^hiCXCR3⁺ CD8 T cell population was markedly increased in the peripheral lymphoid organs and blood. These cells were generated from naïve CD8 T cells or accumulated via the expansion of pre-existing CD44^hiCXCR3⁺ CD8 T cells. Initially, the majority of these CXCR3⁺ CD8 T cells expressed low levels of CD44, which was followed by the conversion to the CD44^hi phenotype. This conversion was associated with the acquisition of enhanced effector function. After discontinuation of IL-4C treatment, Eomes expression levels gradually decreased in CXCR3⁺ CD8 T cells. Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate that IL-4-induced memory-like CD8 T cells generated in the peripheral lymphoid tissues are phenotypically and functionally similar to the innate CD8 T cells generated in the thymus.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.187-192
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to develop and analyze a short course educating App Inventor and Arduino that showed the importance of software for youth. The course consists of a total of 10 missions for a 4 hour course divided into 2 parts, each 2 hours respectively. We conducted a basic course of Arduino for hardware and software, Processing for server programming, and App Inventor for programming for smartphones. The final mission was to send a signal to a server with a smartphone and to control light connected to a relay which passes Arduino connected with a server and serial communication. Participants completed 95% of missions, and we found the course had an educational effect for improving creativity and realization of software importance.