• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.115-118
• /
• 2007

Tocopherols are important lipid-phase antioxidants that are subject to heat degradation. Therefore, kinetic analyses for oxidative degradation of tocopherols as a function of temperatures and times were performed. Alpha-, gamma- and delta-tocopherols dissolved in glycerol were heated at 100${\sim}$250$^{\circ}C$ for 5～60 min. Oxidized tocopherols were analyzed by HPLC using a reversed phase ${\mu}$-Bondapak C$_{18}$-column with two kinds of elution solvent systems in a gradient mode. The degradation kinetics for tocopherols followed a first-order kinetic model. The rate of tocopherol degradation was dependent on heating temperatures. The degradation rate constants for ${\gamma}$- and ${\delta}$-tocopherols were higher than those for ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. The experimental activation energies of ${\alpha}$-, ${\gamma}$- and ${\delta}$- tocopherols were 2.51, 6.05 and 5.34 kcal/mole, respectively. The experimental activation energies for the oxidative degradation of ${\gamma}$- and ${\delta}$-tocopherols were higher than that of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.86-92
• /
• 2012

When missile is launched, a launcher needs to be leveled with accuracy to avoid the systems's instability. In general, a launcher is leveled by adjusting the stroke of leveling jacks; however, it is still challenge to control the leveling jacks fast and accurately. This paper thus proposed an innovative algorithm for compensating ground inclination of a missile launcher to expand operational field of a missile launcher. Using two inclinometers attached on a launcher, a base jack for leveling is selected and the mixed gradient where launcher stands on can be estimated. Due to the limited stroke, the launcher can compensate its ground inclination within maximum stroke margin. Then, the ground inclination of a launcher can be compensated by calculated angle using weighting factors. The effectiveness of proposed algorithm is proved with a prototype missile launcher.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.267-272
• /
• 2010

For the last decade, recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have been commonly applied to communications channel equalization. The major problems of gradient-based learning techniques, employed to train recurrent neural networks are slow convergence rates and long training sequences. In high-speed communications system, short training symbols and fast convergence speed are essentially required. In this paper, the derivative-free Kalman filter, so called the unscented Kalman filter (UKF), for training a fully connected RNN is presented in a state-space formulation of the system. The main features of the proposed recurrent neural equalizer are fast convergence speed and good performance using relatively short training symbols without the derivative computation. Through experiments of nonlinear channel equalization, the performance of the RNN with a derivative-free Kalman filter is evaluated.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
• /
• 2004.03b
• /
• pp.873-881
• /
• 2004

A serious of EK remediation tests on contaminated soil are performed under unsaturated conditions and analyzed for electrical potential, water content, pH and so on. The results indicated that electrical potential and pH distributions in the sample are dependent on the amount and inward/outward flow of hydrogen ion. Specially, for the closed system the water content is largely decreased with the flow of hydrogen. The maximum electrical conductivity is measured at the catholyte of CEM(Sealing) test and directly related to the remedial efficiency. Although pHs in the region near to the anode are similarly developed, the different concentration of lead is measured with the electrical gradient contrary to the lead concentration dependent on pH within the sample.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.1240-1255
• /
• 1996

This paper suggests power optimization technique in multi-level SCPC system as a method for efficient utilization of limited satellite power. The power optimization is realized by optimal assignment of satellite input carrier powers considering interference and noise generated in up-link and down-link. The Fletcher-Powell algorithm searching minimum(or maximum) point using gradient information is used to detemine the optimal input carrier powers. To apply Flectcher-Powell algorithm mathematical descriptions and their partial derivatives to interference and nose are presented. Because a target, which should be optimized, is satellite input carrier power, amplitude of each carrier group will be assumed to be an independent variable. The performance criterion for optimal power assignmentis classified into 4 categories with respect to CNR of destination receiver earth station to meet the requirement for various satellite link environment. Simulation results for two-level, four-level and six-level SCPC system are presented.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
• /
• v.39 no.6
• /
• pp.616-623
• /
• 1990

This paper includes the analysis and formulation of a new model for studying scattering from wire meshes that is more efficient and simpler to apply than the previous methods. In the new method, the conjugate gradient method is employed to improve each previous iterative and the fast Fourier transform (FFT) technique is utilized. A numerical computation of mesh scattering algorithm has been carried out in the Spectral Domain. A study on the electromagnetic properties such as reflection coefficients, induced currents and aperture fields has been presented and compared with data calculated by other methods to support the validity of the algorithm.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.60-64
• /
• 2012

The helical flow regime was investigated by using DPIV when the rotating Reynolds number is small. The wall slits were azimuthally located along the inner wall of outer cylinder and the slits number of each model was 9 and 18, another plain wall model was also studied for comparison purpose. The helical vortex flow regime can be observed in all the three models. The negative temperature gradients determine the direction of the rotation and movement of the helical vortex. But the helical wavy vortex flow can only be found in the plane and 9-slit models. And the result showed that the existence of slit wall accelerated the transition process.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2001.10a
• /
• pp.109.5-109
• /
• 2001

The separation of scintillation phenomena concurrent with rain attenuation phenomena can be accomplished by filtering. Based on the analysis of satellite signal fading during rain, scintillation and rain attenuation phenomena are examined and extracting from raw data by using adaptive IIR high-pass filter and adaptive IIR low-pass filter. Adaptive IIR filter are designed by using the algorithm of Least Mean p-Power (LMP) Error Criterion which have been modified by Quantizing Gradient technique. This algorithm reduces amount of multiplication computational equal to the length of input data. It is prove here that the convergence speed, variance, bias independence on p values. For this application, p=1 is chosen. The procedure of application ...

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2001.10a
• /
• pp.156.3-156
• /
• 2001

This paper handles synthesis and investigation of a neural network guidance law based on pursuit-evasion games. This work considers two-dimensional pursuit-evasion games solved by using the gradient method. The procedure of developing a guidance law from the game-optimal solutions is deeply examined, and important features of the neural network guidance are investigated. The proposed neural network guidance law takes the range, range rate, line-of-sight rate, and heading error as its input variables. By reconstructing the trajectory, the accuracy of the neural network approximation is verified. Afterwards, robustness of the neural network guidance to the autopilot lag, which results from its feedback structure, is investigated ...

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2002.10a
• /
• pp.103.1-103
• /
• 2002

In variable structure control algorithms, The control law used to realized the desired sliding mode dynamics is discontinuous on the switching manifold. However, due to imperfections in switching, such as time delays, the system trajectory chatters instead of sliding along the switching manifold. This chattering is undesirable because it may excite unmodeled high frequency dynamics in the physical system. In this paper, to overcome this drawback a self-organizing fuzzy sliding mode control algorithm using gradient descent method is proposed. The proposed method has the characteristics which are viewed in conventional VSC, e.g. insensitivity to a class of disturbance, parameter variations and uncertainties ill the sliding mode. To demonstrate its performance, the proposed control algorithm is applied to an inverted pendulum system. The results show that both alleviation of chattering and performance are achieved.