• Title/Summary/Keyword: gp96

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Earth-Volume Measurement of Small Area Using Low-cost UAV (저가형 UAV를 이용한 소규모지역의 토량 측정)

  • Seong, Ji Hoon;Han, You Kyung;Lee, Won Hee
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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    • v.36 no.4
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    • pp.279-286
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    • 2018
  • In the civil works, the measurement of earth-volume is one of the important elements in the estimation of the reasonable construction cost. Related studies mainly used GPS (Global Positioning System) or total station to obtain information on civil work areas. However, these methods are difficult to implement in inaccessible areas. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to use the UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) to measure the earth-volume. The study area is located in a reservoir construction site in Sangju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea. We compared the earth-volume amounts acquired by UAV-based surveying to ones acquired by total station-based and GPS-based surveying, respectively. In the site, the amount of earth-volume acquired by GPS was $147,286.79m^3$. The amount of earth-volume acquired by total station was $147,286.79m^3$, which is the 96.13% accuracy compared to the GPS-based surveying. The earth-volume obtained by UAV was $143,997.05m^3$ when measured without GCPs (Ground Control Points), $147,251.71m^3$ with 4 GCPs measurement, and $146,963.81m^3$ with 7 GCPs measurement. Compared to the GPS-based surveying, 97.77%, 99.98%, and 99.78% accuracies were obtained from the UAV-based surveying without GCP, 4 GCPs, and 7 GCPs, respectively. Therefore, it can be confirmed that the UAV-based surveying can be used for the earth-volume measurement.

High Precision GPS Positioning Referred to ITRF (ITRF에 준거한 정밀 GPS 측위에 관한 연구)

  • 윤홍식;황진상;최윤수
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.251-261
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    • 2000
  • This paper deals with the precision analysis of GPS measurement referred to ITRF96 which is the new reference frame announced in 1996, and show the data processing results of short and long baselines with different methods. In this paper, we minimized the observation error of GPS using precise ephemerides which has provided by Jet Propulsion Laboratory and represents the comparative analysis results of baseline measurements using GIPSY-OASIS II software. Here, we also discussed the accuracy of data processing methods.

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A Study on the Application of GPS for Computation of the Vertical Deflection and Astro-coordinates (연직선편차와 천문좌표 산정을 위한 GPS의 적용연구)

  • Lee, Yong-Chang;Lee, Yong-Wook
    • Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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    • v.5 no.1 s.9
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    • pp.57-70
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    • 1997
  • Conventional procedures to determine vertical deflections and astronomical coordinates require the stellar observations which be under restraints of clear night-time weather conditions, surrounding environment, long observation time and the use of instruments, etc. Therefore the more effective observation method subjugatting these problems has requested. The objective of this study is to propose method to compute vertical deflections, astronomical coordinates(latitude and longitude), and astronomical azimuth by mixing GPS observation results and orthometric heights. For this study, programmed the program which able to obtain the change in geoid undulation by using the GPS- determined geodetic height difference and the orthometric height difference, and GPS satellite surveying was performed at both ten points of astronomical points and four triangulation points around each astronomical station in South Korea. The Astronomical results determined from GPS observations compared to those determined from both conventional astronomical measurements and the recent earth gravitational Model(EGM96).

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A Rapid Preconcentration Method Using Modified GP-MSE for Sensitive Determination of Trace Semivolatile Organic Pollutants in the Gas Phase of Ambient Air

  • He, Miao;Xu, Qingjuan;Yang, Cui;Piao, Xiangfan;Kannan, Narayanan;Li, Donghao
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.35 no.10
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    • pp.2995-3000
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    • 2014
  • A sensitive concentration method utilising modified gas-purge microsyringe extraction (GP-MSE) was developed. Concentration (reduction in volume) to a microlitre volume was achieved. PAHs were utilised as semivolatile analytes to optimise the various parameters that affect the concentration efficiency. The injection rate and temperature were the key factors that affected the concentration efficiency. An efficient concentration (75.0-96.1%) of PAHs was obtained under the optimised conditions. The method exhibited good reproducibility (RSD values that ranged from 1.5 to 9.0%). The GP-MSE concentration method enhances the volume reduction (concentration factor), leading to a low method detection limit ($0.5-15ngL^{-1}$). Furthermore, this method offers the advantage of small-volume sampling, enabling even the detection of diurnal hourly changes in the concentration of PAHs in ambient air. Utilising this method in combination with GC-MS, the diurnal hourly flux of PAHs from the gas phase of ambient air was measured. Indeed, the proposed technique is a simple, fast, low-cost and environmentally friendly.

Hand Held the distance measurement of platform on GPS (GPS기반 Hand Held Type 거리 측정기)

  • 박지훈;김영길
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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    • 2003.10a
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    • pp.864-867
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    • 2003
  • GPS (Global Positioning System) made by the Department of Defense in U.S.A is positioning system to use satellite and initially it has been used only for the military forces but open to civilian in about 1987. This system has widely been used for not only surveying land, but also car navigation on the street and means to build up the data of the GIS. With GPS, recently our country is accelerating to make imbeded system and also the study on imbeded system is well under way. For example, Car navigation and the construction of the Seokang bridge between Willson Arch at Han river by using DGPS were evaluated as successful model to lead accurate location with the precision of the cm. The examples of the project performance with GPS has gradually been extended to the each department organization of the local and central government. for the example, It is true that BIS(Bus Information System) is widely spreading out. In addition, the study on the Distribution Maintenance System is expected to be well in progress to take advantage of GPS based on the data base of the NGIS(National Geography Institute System) of the NGI(National Geography Institute). This paper shows that we embodied not only the large imbeded system for car and finding the location in Korean Land Corporation but also the protype of the kinematics Wrist Held which is easily portable to pedestrian, climber and marathon runner.

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A Field Case of Bovine Viral Leukosis in Young Cattle (약유우(若乳牛)에 발생(發生)한 지방유행성(地方流行性) 백혈병(白血病)에 대하여)

  • Lee, Hyun-Beom;Choi, Won-Pil;Lee, Keun-Woo
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.63-66
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    • 1982
  • Authors encountered a case of bovine viral leukosis in a young cattle (10 months old) with the following findings; Main clinical symptoms observed were emaciation, digestive disorder, and marked enlargement of superficial lymph nodes. Biopsied specimen of the lymph nodes revealed characteristic histological picture of bovine leukosis. A severe degree of leukocytosis (108,000/cmm) accompanied by marked lympocytosis (96%=103,680/cmm) was detected from the hematological examination of peripheral blood. Most of the lympocytes(94%=101,520) were large-sized, immature, and abnormal in their morphology. In addition, a pronounced anemia (1.78 million/cmm) without regenerative evidence of erythrocyte was noted. The serum of the patient showed positive reaction against gp antigen of bovine leukosis virus in agar-gel diffusion test.

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Performance Analysis of Positioning Using Combined GPS/Galileo System (GPS/Galileo 결합 시스템의 측위 성능 분석)

  • Lee Dong-Rag;Lee Hung-Kyu;Bae Kyoung-Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.283-292
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    • 2005
  • After USA removed the Selective Availability (SA), Global Positioning System (GPS) has monopolized the world market and other countries have been depended on GPS, absolutely. So the other countries, Russia, European Community (EC) and Japan, which apprehend to monopolize in technical and strategic parts, are developing the next generation GNSS including GLONASS Galileo and JRANS. And the countries are planning to provide the another GNSS. This research has focused on the next generation GNSS system based on GPS and Galileo system with developing a GNSS simulation software, named as GlMS2005, which generates and analyzes satellite constellation and measurements. Based on the software, a variety of simulation tests have been carried out to recognize limits of GPS-only system and potential benefits of integrated GPS/Galileo positioning in terms of satellite geometry strength and solution accuracy.

Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Properties of Gp 6 Metal Complexes of 1-N,N-dimethylaminomethyl-$1^{\prime}$,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene (FcNPP). X-ray Crystal Structure of W$(CO)_4({\eta}^2-FcNPP(O)-P,N)$

  • Kim, Tae-Jeong;Kim, Yong-Hoon;Kim, Eun-Jin;Oh, Sang-Ho;Kim, Hong-Seok;Jeong, Jong-Hwa
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.15 no.5
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    • pp.379-386
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    • 1994
  • Reactions of 1',2-bis(diphenylphosphino)-l-(N,N-dimethylaminomethyl)ferrocene (FcNPP) with $M(CO)_6$ (M=Cr, Mo, W) in the presence of TMNO (Trimethylamine oxide) in a stoichiometric ratio of 1 : 1.5 : 3.5 produced a series of Gp 6 metal carbonyl derivatives with a variety of coordination modes: M(CO)$_4({\eta}^2$-FcNPP-P,P) (M=Cr, Mo, W), $M(CO)_5({\eta}^1-FcNPP-P) (M=Mo, W)\;,\; M_2(CO)_9({\eta}^1\;,\;{\eta}^2-FcNPP-P,P,N) (M=Cr, Mo)\;,\;M_2(CO)_{10}({\eta}^1\;,\;{\eta}^1-FcNPP-P,P) (M=Cr, Mo, W)\;, and\;W(CO)_4({\eta}^2-FcNPP(O)-P,N)$. All these complexes were characterized by microanalytical and spectroscopic techniques. In one case, the structure of W(CO)$_4({\eta}^2$-FcNPP(O)-P,N) was determined by X-ray crystallography. Crystals are monocinic, space group P$2_{1/C}$, with a=10.147(2), b=19.902(3), c=19.821(4) ${\AA},\;{\beta}=96.88(2)^{\circ},\;V=3974(l){\AA}^3$, Z=4, and $D_{calc}=1.64 g cm^{-3}$. The geometry around the central tungsten metal is a distorted octahedron, with the nitrogen and phosphorus atoms being cis to each other. Some of these complexes exhibited catalytic activities in the allylic oxidation and epoxidation of cholesterly acetate. Other oxidation products were also formed with the different chemical yields and product distribution depending upon the ligand and the central metal.

Development of PDA-Based Software for Forest Geographic Information (PDA기반의 산림지리정보 소프트웨어 개발에 관한 연구)

  • Suk, Sooil;Lee, Heonho;Lee, Dohyung
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.96 no.1
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    • pp.7-13
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    • 2007
  • This study was done to develop PDA based application system for forest geographic information with GPS. The major results obtained in this study were as follows. A PDA based application program was developed to work on $Microsoft^{TM}$ PocketPC 2002 and 2003 operating system. The screen of PDA displays a 1:25,000 digital topographical map adopted DXF format converted from PC, and the map data with 1:2,500 to 1:30,000 on PDA can be zoomed in or out to five levels. Current position and navigating path received from GPS can be displayed on the screen and be saved in PDA. Information selected among layers of digital topographic map in DXF format can be converted into binary files which can be used on forest geographic information software. This can compress DXF files to 90% in size, and the processing speed of PDA was improved. The forest geographic information management system can be used to manage sample plots on which forest inventory is done, with the help of the sub-menus and grid index values with position information received from GPS. Forest workers can in quire forest geographic information such as forest type, location, forest roads, soil erosion control dams using forest geographic information management system in the field. The forest geographic information management system can provide current position and mobile path information to people who enjoy forest related activities like mountain-climbing, sightseeing, and visiting to historic spots.

A study on the Geoid of the GPS/Leveling and Geopotential Model (GPS/Leveling과 지오포텐셜 모델 지오이드 고찰)

  • 고인세;조진동
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.129-134
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    • 2000
  • To utilize the survey method using the geodetic satellite GPS, we tried to analysis the GPS/Leveling and the geopotential model of the 26 GPS observation points including 23 BM and 3 triangulation points with approximately 16-km interval selected from the Andong geographic map with a scale of 1:250,000. The average deviations of the geopotential model calculated from the results of analysis to the GPS/Leveling and the previously developed geopotential models(EGM96, OSU91A, and KGEOID), are 0.493 m, 0.277 m, and 0.195 m, respectively and RMS errors are $\pm$0.299 m, $\pm$0.152 m, and $\pm$ 0.133 m. The general trend of geoid undulations, however, shows an increasing pattern to the NW-SE direction. It has been also reported that the geoid undulation related with topographic-highs and geoid-highs although very poor relationship is shown in this area.

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