• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2006

According to the increase of demand for human organs such as kidney, heart, pancreas, joint, and cornea for therapeutic transplantation, the production of alternative organs based on Gnotobiotic Pigs gains a lot of concerns all over the world. However, it is not common to design and build Gnotobiotic Pigs' facility, and there are only a few those facilities and planning principles for them. Considering the situation above, this paper tries to develop planning guidelines for space organization and circulation system of standardized Germ Free Pig's facility on the bases of case analysis. The results of this study are as follows. At first, four swine farms including a Gntobiotic Pig's facility has been analysed from the point of space organization and circulation system. Secondly, the space zoning of Gnotobiotic Pigs' facility has been proposed into 5 groups : pigs' area, adminstration area, operating room and laboratory, service area, and mechanical area. Space components of each group have been presented also. Finally, circulation system of Gnotobiotic Pigs' facility has been explored from a operational point of view. This, also, includes human circulation, pig's circulation, and goods' circulation. This study has some limitations because it does not consider the SOPs(standard operational policies) of that facility to the fullest measure and does not suggest space area of each part, either. Despite of some weaknesses, it is expected that this study can give some useful guidelines for the design and planning of Germ Free Pigs' facilities.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2006

At the moment, a lot of interest in the research on Gnotobiotic Pigs are increasing in order to produce alternative human organs. So, it is very important to design and build proper housing facilities for Germ Free Pigs. Among the design issues related to Gnotobiotic Pigs' farms, circulation system takes a high position because it carries an important role in keeping the pig's housing environment aseptic. Considering those, this study aims to propose the guidelines for the design of circulation system in Germ Free Pig's facilities. The results of this study are as follows. At first, functional areas of Germ Free Pigs' facilities have been divided into three categories according to the clean level; aseptic area, semi-aseptic area, and non-aseptic area. Secondly, the basic principles of circulation system have been proposed. Finally, circulation system of Gnotobiotic Pigs' facility has been explored as a form of diagram according to the circulating subjects. These include human circulation, pig's circulation, and goods' circulation. This study has some limitations in that it is transcendent and lacks empirical evidence. Despite of some weaknesses, it is expected to give some useful guidelines for the design of circulation system in Germ Free Pigs' facilities.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.50-56
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• 2007

Highly porous composite bioceramic bone scaffolds were developed using sintered gnotobiotic pig bones. These scaffolds consisted of poly-D,L-lactic acid (P(D,L)LA) and bioceramic materials of pig bone powder. The bone scaffolds were able to promote biocompatibility and possess interconnected pores that would support cell adhesion and proliferation adequately. The composite scaffolds were tested with dental pulp stem cells for cytotoxicity test. Cells seeded on the composite scaffolds were readily attached, well proliferated, as confirmed by cytotoxicity test, and cell adhesion assessment. The composite bone scaffold had no toxicity in cytotoxicity test on the extract of 0.013 g scaffold to 2 ml culture medium. The cells on the composite bone scaffold proliferated better than cells on the P(D,L)LA scaffolds.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 2006년도 하계 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.338-342
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• 2006

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.2133-2140
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• 2018

Norovirus is the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis. Its pathogenesis is poorly understood owing to the difficulty of establishing viral infection in animal models. Here, post-weaning gnotobiotic pigs were infected with human norovirus genogroup II genotype 4 (HuNoV GII.4) to investigate the pathogenesis and replication of the virus. Three groups of four pigs were infected with $1{\times}10^5$, $1{\times}10^6$, or $1{\times}10^7$ genomic equivalent (GE) copies of HuNoV GII.4. Four pigs were used as negative controls. Blood and rectal swab samples were collected after viral infection, and gross legions were examined after necropsy. Diarrhea was induced in 25% and 75% of pigs infected with $1{\times}10^6$ and $1{\times}10^7$ GE copies, respectively. Viral shedding was detected in 50%, 75%, and 50% of pigs infected with $1{\times}10^5$, $1{\times}10^6$, and $1{\times}10^7$ GE copies, respectively. Viremia was detected in 25% of pigs infected with either $1{\times}10^6$ or $1{\times}10^7$ GE copies. When gross lesions of gastroenteritis were investigated, the ileum walls of the infected pigs were thinner than those of the controls. Villi atrophy and inflammatory cell infiltration were identified in the ileum of each infected pig. Viral capsid was identified in the jejunum, ileum, colon, spleen, and mesenteric lymph node. Virus replication was newly verified in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes by detection of negative-sense viral RNA. In conclusion, HuNoV GII.4 could induce acute gastroenteritis and replicate in the extra-intestinal lymphoid tissues in post-weaning gnotobiotic pigs. Therefore, such pigs would be a suitable animal model for studying the pathogenesis and replication of HuNoV.

• 한국임상수의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국임상수의학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.127-127
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• 2008

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.91-99
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• 2008

무균돼지 생산을 위하여 임신 111일령에서 113일령 사이의 미니돼지 모돈 22두에 대하여 자궁적출술을 실시하였다. 모돈 14두에 대하여 Ketamine 50^®과 CO₂ 가스를 사용하였고 모돈 8두에 대하여는 slaughter pistol을 사용하여 고정 한 후 복부 정중선을 절개하여 자궁을 적출하고 적출된 자궁을 다시 절개하여 신생자돈을 생산하였다. 1. Ketamine 50^®을 0.09㎖/kg과 0.03㎖/kg 용량으로 주입하였을 경우 자궁적출까지 소요된 수술시간은 각각 146초와 283초로서 앞의 경우가 짧았지만, 생산된 신생자돈 1두가 완전히 소생되기까지는 427초와 64초가 소요되어 용량이 적을수록 자돈이 빠르게 활력을 회복하였다. 2. Ketamine 50^®과 slaughter pistol을 사용하여 자돈 작출완료 까지의 수술경과시간은 각각 470초와 155초로서 slaughter pistol을 사용한 경우가 매우 짧았다. 3. 자돈의 생존율에 있어서는, Ketamine 50^®을 사용한 경우에서 111두 중 93두(83.8%)를 소생시켰으나 slaughter pistol을 사용한 경우는 66두 중 64두(97%)를 소생시켜 훨씬 높아보였지만 통계처리 결과 유의성이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 4. 자궁적출술을 실시한 임신 111일령의 자돈의 폐사두수는 0.29두였고 임신 113일령의 자돈은 0.50두였으나 서로간의 유의성이 없었기 때문에 분만 3일전의 모돈도 자궁적출술을 이용한 무균돼지 생산에 아무런 문제없이 사용될 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다. 5. 자궁내 산자수가 많음에 따라 자돈작출에 시간이 더 소요되는 경향이 있었으나 자돈의 생존율과는 큰 관련이 없었다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.165-169
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• 2011

The present study investigated the physiological evaluation of cloned mini-pigs in a transportable isolator. Transportable isolator was designed and manufactured by our research team for transporting gnotobiotic pig. Until now, no previous reports are available regarding the physiological activities and harmful effects when pigs were transported in this isolator. Five cloned mini-pigs of 1~2 year (s) old female with a body weight between 80~90 kg were used. The effects of transportable isolator on stress-related hormone, adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol levels, and heart rate were evaluated. In addition, it was also examined the effects of transportable isolator on blood chemistry factors (alanine aminotransferase: ALT, aspartate aminotransferase: AST, blood urea nitrogen: BUN, glucose, and creatinine). Blood was sampled just before the beginning of transport (T0), at the end of transport (30min after the transport; T1), and 30 min after the end of transport (T2). At the same time, heart rate was also evaluated. As a result, heart rate had no significant (p>0.05) differences at the various-time points of study (T0, T1, T2). However, heart rate was slightly higher than normal range in T1 and T2. The ACTH level was higher than normal range. Whereas, the cortisol level was lower than normal range. There were no statistical significant differences both ACTH and cortisol level between different time groups. Also, there were no significant differences in blood chemistry factors. Therefore, our present study shows that transportable isolator has no harmful effect on stress and physiological condition in cloned mini-pigs.